Estudo morfológico do tecido hepático de Leporinus macrocephalus

The objective of this work was to analyze the liver of Leporinus macrocephalus at the macroscopic and histologic level by evaluating the characteristics of the hepatic tissue. The fishes from a fishery in Bauru, S.P., were collected and sacrificed by destroying the spinal cord; afterwards the collected hepatic tissue was fixed and followed by histological routine. Macroscopic analysis of L. macrocephalus liver showed an organ of homogeneous structure, with red-brown color, located in the medial region of the body, caudal to heart and after the gills. It showed 3 pyramidal lobes, one central and two lateral right and left. The histological analysis showed the hepatic tissue constituted by hepatocytes cords surrounded by sinusoids, named muralium duplex. It yet revealed the diffused, distribution bile system by hepatic parenchyma, showing ducts with simple cubic epithelium, surrounded by muscular fibres and connective tissue. Cells of the exocrine pancreatic tissue were observed surrounding blood vessels in acinar arrangement as zymogen granules. Furthermore, there are melanomacrophages centers distributed along the hepatic parenchyma, preferably next to the blood vessels, constituted by cells accumulating material, such as melanin and lipofucsin, whose presence may be related to the nutritional status of the fish.

Contribuiçã ao estudo de caracterizaçã de depó formados no papel

Deposits formed on the surface of. paper were analysed in order to identify the sources of the defects, as well as to solve the problems associated with performance and adjustments at the wet end of the paper forming process. Standard paper samples containing deposits were collected and analysed by comparing the microstructure and composition of the deposit with paper regions adjacent to it. Optical microscopy (OM). energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were the techniques used in this study. The results obtained from the EDX, XRD. and TG techniques allowed concluding that the calcium carbonate content in the farm of calcite is 1.6 times higher in the formed deposit them the quantity expected in the standard paper composition. The paper sample microstructure revealed by the SEM images indicates the presence of irregular spherical aggregates up to 20μm in diameter in the deposit region. containing larger amount of calcium carbonate as well as in the regions adjacent to the deposit. These spherical aggregates seem to be absorbed and integrated into the pulp fibres and present characteristics similar to those of partially cooked cationic starch. The analysed deposits are characterised by a dense and thick substance, forming a plate with highly adhesive property. This adhesive substance has a characteristic similar to glue with a large amount of organic matter due to the high weight loss shown by the TG curve. The results are consistent with the interaction ofparticles of negatively charged calcium carbonate and cationic starch, forming sterically stabilized deposits, which firmly adhere to the paper microstructure.

Continuous production of metal matrix composites from the semisolid state

Continuous strip metal matrix composite (MMC) casting of 0.3 mm diameter hard-drawn stainless steel (316L) wire in a quasi-eutectic SnPb (64Sn36Pb) matrix was performed by a two-roll melt drag processing (TRMDping) method, with the wire being dragged through a semisolid puddle with a fibre contact time of approximately 0.2 s. A slag weir placed at the nozzle contained two wire guide holes: one located near the upper roll, and the other located between the rolls. A successful continuous composite strip casting with good fibre alignment was achieved by inserting and embedding the wire into the matrix using the guide hole between the rolls. Degeneration of eutectic/dendrite structures led to the formation of globular structures. The occurrence and formation mechanisms of cracks, de-lamination and voids in the matrix were discussed. TRMDping is economically viable and has significant benefits over other MMC fabrication methods. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

Lê cycles and Milnor classes

The purpose of this work is to establish a link between the theory of Chern classes for singular varieties and the geometry of the varieties in question. Namely, we show that if Z is a hypersurface in a compact complex manifold, defined by the complex analytic space of zeroes of a reduced non-zero holomorphic section of a very ample line bundle, then its Milnor classes, regarded as elements in the Chow group of Z, determine the global Lê cycles of Z; and vice versa: The Lê cycles determine the Milnor classes. Morally this implies, among other things, that the Milnor classes determine the topology of the local Milnor fibres at each point of Z, and the geometry of the local Milnor fibres determines the corresponding Milnor classes. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Leaf anatomical and molecular studies in Bulbophyllum section Micranthae (Orchidaceae) and their implications for systematics

Bulbophyllum section Micranthae comprises 12 species of rupicolous or epiphytic orchids occurring in forests or in open rocky fields in Cerrado/Atlantic Forest ecotones throughout South America. We examined the leaf anatomy of 14 species and compared them with molecular data (nrITS) in phylogenetic analyses. The leaves of Bulbophyllum section Micranthae are characterised by uniseriate epidermis, with periclinal external cell wall thicker than the internal, presence of epicuticular wax, stomata present only on the abaxial surface with suprastomatic chambers, and collateral vascular bundles associated with sclerenchyma fibres. Some of these characters are shared with other rupicolous Orchidaceae species, demonstrating adaptive convergence in xeromorphic habitats. We found some anatomical characteristics with phylogenetic value. Bulbophyllum section Micranthae can be separated into two lineages: those with needle-like leaves, or flat leaves. The analyses show that anatomical characters as well as molecular data may contribute to the development of phylogenetic hypotheses. © 2013 Botanical Society of Sao Paulo.

Towards an insight on photodamage in hair fibre by UV-light: An experimental and theoretical study

Synopsis: Objectives: In this research, an experimental and theoretical study was conducted to design a photodegradation mechanism of the amino acid tryptophan (Trp) in hair fibres. Methods: For the experimental research, Caucasian hair fibres were exposed to several different solar radiation simulation periods. Then, Trp and its photoproducts (N-formylkynurenine and kynurenine) were assayed by excitation and emission spectroscopic analysis. Results: For the theoretical study, reactions involved in the photodegradation of Trp were evaluated by high-level quantum mechanical calculations in a density functional theory (DFT) framework which indicate a probable Trp degradation mechanism with a minimum expended energy pathway. Conclusion: The biochemistry concerning these reactions is essentially important for a biological system where the degradation of Trp occurs. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Environmental ageing studies of chemically modified micro and nanofibril phenol formaldehyde composites

Cellulose micro and nano fibrils were extracted from banana macro fibres and chemically modified using sodium hydroxide, formic acid, 3-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxy silane. These untreated and chemically treated fibrils were incorporated into PF resin and the specimens were prepared. The composites were subjected to long-term water ageing, thermal ageing soil burial and outdoor weathering. The mechanical properties are reduced under all ageing conditions. The present study investigates the effects of different types of ageing on macro fibre, microfibril and nanofibril reinforced PF composites. The effect of chemical modifications of fibres on the degradability of the composites at different environments also has been analysed. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Stem anatomy and development of successive cambia in Hebanthe eriantha (Poir.) Pedersen: A neotropical climbing species of the Amaranthaceae

Hebanthe eriantha (Poir.) Pedersen, a climbing species of the Amaranthaceae increases in stem thickness by forming successive cambia. The family is dominated by herbaceous species and is constantly under discussion due to its disputed nature of the meristem. In the young stem small alternate segments of vascular cambium cease to divide and new arc of cambium initiates outside to it. The newly formed arcs connect with pre-existing alternate segments of cambium to complete the ring. On the contrary, in thick stems, instead of small segments, complete ring of cambium is replaced by new one. These new alternate segments/cambia originate from the parenchyma cells located outside to the phloem produced by previous cambium. Cambium is storied and exclusively composed of fusiform initials while ray cells remain absent at least in the early part of the secondary growth. However, large heterocellular rays are observed in 15-mm diameter stems but their frequency is much lower. In some of the rays, ray cells become meristematic and differentiate into radially arranged xylem and phloem elements. In fully grown plants, stems are composed of several successive rings of secondary xylem alternating with secondary phloem. Secondary xylem is diffuse-porous and composed of vessels, fibres, axial parenchyma while exceptionally large rays are observed only in the outermost regions of thick stems. Vessel diameter increases progressively from the centre towards the periphery of stems. Although the origin of successive cambia and composition of secondary xylem of H. eriantha remains similar to other herbaceous members of Amaranthaceae, the occurrence of relatively wider and thick-walled vessels and large rays in fully grown plants is characteristic to climbing habit. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien.

Estudo do músculo gastrocnêmio em ratos exercitados submetidos a suplementação de monoidrato de creatina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Anatomia comparada do lenho de raiz e caule de Lippia salviaefolia Cham. E Aegiphila sellowiana Cham.(Verbenaceae) de área de cerrado do Estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB

Anatomia do lenho e do carvão de espécies arbóreas do Cerrado no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Subsídios para análise do ciclo de vida de assentos à base de fibra de coco e látex

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Valor nutricional de partes convencionais e não convencionais de frutas e hortaliças

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Não-preferência para oviposição, alimentação e antibiose de Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) por genótipos de couve (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C.)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Morfoanatomia e ontogênese de frutos e sementes de três espécies de Chamaecrista moench (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) de cerrado do Estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB