864 resultados para Qualidade de vida e Conhecimento


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Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar os processos de mudanas nos ambientes interno e externo de RECURSOS HUMANOS (sub-divididos em Unidades de Anlise - UNAN - especificas, sob os aspectos de Organizao, Mtodos, Informao e Sistemas ou, simplesmente, O & M -I & S, provocadas pela INFORMTICA, na esfera empresarial brasileira. Especificamente, foi realizada uma pesquisa de carter exploratrio junto ao principal responsvel pela rea de RECURSOS HUMANOS das empresas, que devera, por sua vez, e se quisesse, solicitar a colaborao ntima do profissional responsvel pelas polticas de INFORMTICA. Em alguns casos os pontos de vista desses profissionais e a viso perceptiva do futuro foram to conflitantes que resultaram em dois posicionamentos para uma mesma empresa, enriquecendo ainda mais a pesquisa. Em outros momentos o pesquisador atuou como entrevistador, obtendo as colocaes reais dos respondentes, fator de uma maior confiabilidade para as rplicas obtidas. O ponto de partida desta tese o pressuposto de que existiria uma relao intima e uma vinculao subjacente, entre, por um lado as teorias administrativas em geral com as suas inmeras variveis (em particular, a sistmica) e, de outro lado, a epistemologia ciberntica, ambas procurando tratar da Organizao e dos Mtodos de anlise e engenharia de manipulao das Informaes e estruturao dos Sistemas (OMIS) de uma forma disciplinada e bem pensada. Em resumo, considerando de uma forma ingnua, trata-se do estudo do comportamental versus o instrumental e o que este ocasionou naquele, num perodo de 20 anos (1980/2000), nos ambientes interno (Ai) e externo (Ae) da Empresa. Os resultados obtidos, bem como os pedidos de profissionais que desejavam participar da pesquisa por dela terem conhecimento atravs de terceiros, indicaram a crescente considerao por esta forma de estudo, o interesse pelo assunto e, principalmente, o reconhecimento do papel de uma Universidade na criao, desenvolvimento e manuteno de uma conscincia comunitria, onde a Empresa desempenha um papel de extrema importncia para uma melhor qualidade de vida dos RECURSOS HUMANOS em geral, atravs da INFORMTICA.

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Reportagem do Jornal da Globo

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Esta dissertao tem como objetivo entender os hbitos de consumo das mulheres da nova classe trabalhadora para conhecer as aspiraes, motivaes e desejos que influenciam suas decises de compra, e para identificar qual o significado, para elas, dos produtos caractersticos do novo luxo. A problemtica deste trabalho envolve o entendimento do comportamento de consumo da nova classe trabalhadora (Souza, 2012), e tem por objetivo compreender os novos hbitos de consumo dessa classe, no que tange ao consumo de bens constitutivos do chamado novo luxo (Silverstein & Fiske, 2008). Os resultados desta pesquisa traro entendimento s ressignificaes de produtos de novo luxo para a nova classe trabalhadora, conhecimento sobre as preferncias e prioridades dessa classe, e compreenso sobre o valor simblico do consumo desse tipo de produto. No primeiro captulo, foi abordado o comportamento do consumidor, mostrando a importncia do estudo do comportamento de consumo para as estratgias mercadolgicas, alm de explorar a influncia da cultura na tomada de deciso dos consumidores; o segundo captulo abordou os conceitos de habitus, capital simblico e cultural, em que so exploradas as questes relacionadas a valores, atitudes e hbitos, e a importncia destes na expresso do indivduo na sociedade e na formao de sua identidade; no terceiro captulo, discutiu-se o conceito de classe social, trabalhando com as principais divergncias encontradas nas premissas utilizadas por cada autor para identificar suas caractersticas distintivas, mencionando os principais argumentos relacionados aos conceitos de nova classe mdia (Neri, 2011) e de nova classe trabalhadora (Souza, 2012); por fim, o quarto captulo tratou do fenmeno do trading-up (Silverstein & Fiske, 2008), que demonstra que o consumidor tem optado por produtos considerados de novo luxo, mesmo que paguem valores superiores para obt-los. O produto de novo luxo definido pelos autores como um produto premium, que apresenta melhorias e caractersticas superiores em relao a produtos similares, porm com preos mais acessveis se comparados aos de luxo tradicional. A metodologia escolhida para este trabalho foi a pesquisa qualitativa de carter exploratrio-descritivo, considerando uma amostragem no probabilstica, usando a seleo por julgamento. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que, de fato, o fenmeno do trading-up est presente no dia-a-dia das mulheres da nova classe trabalhadora, ao priorizarem determinados itens que julgam importantes para o seu conforto, bem-estar, e melhoria na qualidade de vida.

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A inovao no setor pblico possui um potencial de impacto, em termos de melhorar substancialmente a qualidade de vida da sociedade, muito mais amplo do que qualquer outra. Tanto o Design Thinking quanto os Insights Comportamentais permitem desenvolver melhorias nas dimenses de eficincia, eficcia e efetividade das polticas pblicas. Os mtodos inclusive sugerem correlaes extremamente teis entre esses conceitos, como a de que o que ineficiente do ponto de vista dos recursos, muitas vezes tambm ineficaz do ponto de vista dos resultados. Os Laboratrios de Inovao em Governo possuem papel fundamental na sua promoo. So compostos por profissionais que renem o conhecimento tcnico e as competncias para atuar pela necessria inovao em governo, a qual s vem a contribuir para a ampliao da qualidade de vida da sociedade beneficiria.

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O presente relatrio refere-se ao estgio realizado no Lar Vila Assuno da Fundao Mary Jane Wilson, em So Gonalo, na Regio Autnoma da Madeira. O estgio a unidade curricular que conclui o Mestrado em Cincias da Educao-Educao Snior da Universidade da Madeira. O Lar Vila Assuno uma IPSS (Instituio Particular de Solidariedade Social), direcionado para as pessoas idosas do sexo feminino. Neste contexto educacional (Lar), numa fase preliminar ou diagnstica realizmos atividades em diversas reas, temticas e domnios, bem como em diferentes espaos de ao, no sentido de observarmos as capacidades e potencialidades dos idosos. Alm das atividades, aplicmos um questionrio com o objetivo de conhecer as caractersticas e os interesses de cada um dos idosos. Estes dados, no seu conjunto, permitiu estruturar o projeto de estgio propriamente dito. Aps as reflexes sobre as atividades e a anlise da recolha de dados do questionrio, elabormos um Projeto que se dividiu em duas reas ou sub-projetos: Ler + Cultura e Prtica de Atividade Fsica. Foi necessrio fazer uma reviso de literatura sobre a temtica do envelhecimento e as reas especficas de forma a aprofundarmos os contedos significativos. Usmos em ambos os sub-projetos uma metodologia colaborativa e cooperativa que facilitou a entreajuda dos idosos, que naturalmente se apresentavam com nveis de envelhecimento diferentes. Esperemos que o conhecimento adquirido neste estgio possa contribuir para futuras prticas/reflexes e pesquisas sobre o idoso institucionalizado, refletindo-se, desta forma, na melhoria da sua qualidade de vida.

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O envelhecimento populacional est associado a necessidades de sade, incluindo aspectos ligados realizao das actividades dirias e as actividades socioculturais enquanto vertente ocupacional. O presente estudo procurou analisar a funcionalidade dos idosos, como tambm observar a relao das actividades socioculturais enquanto um fomento da funcionalidade do idoso ao nvel da sade fsica e mental, de uma amostra de idosos institucionalizados e no institucionalizados. O instrumento utilizado foi a OARS, desenvolvido para possibilitar uma avaliao da capacidade funcional em cinco reas essenciais na qualidade de vida do idoso: recursos sociais (com ou sem participao em grupos de actividades Socioculturais); recursos econmicos; sade mental; sade fsica e actividades de vida dirias. Num estudo realizado a 47 indivduos com idades superiores a 65 anos que frequentem qualquer instituio, deparamo-nos com uma predominncia de indivduos do sexo feminino em relao sexo masculino, representando, respectivamente, 72% e 28% da populao em estudo. Em relao s idades, estas variam entre os 65 e os 85 e mais anos, sendo que a distribuio da mdia por idades assenta na classe etria compreendida entre os 70 e os 74 anos, com um desvio padro de 3,45 anos. Este estudo permitiu o conhecimento das necessidades determinadas atravs das AVDs e das ASCs consideradas mais importantes, assim como a percepo sobre as possveis influncias destas no desempenho funcional dos idosos. No que concerne aos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que no existe uma significncia relevante entre a influncia do meio onde esto inseridos os idosos e a funcionalidade.

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Analisar a associao estatstica entre diagnsticos de enfermagem identifi cados nos pacientes transplantados renais e seus fatores scio-econmicos. Estudo transversal realizado em um hospital universitrio em Fortaleza-CE, no perodo compreendido entre dezembro de 2004 a abril de 2005. Foram identifi cados 38 diagnsticos de enfermagem. Dez diagnsticos apresentaram freqncias acima do percentil 75: Risco de infeco; percepo sensorial perturbada: visual; Padro de sono perturbado; Nutrio desequilibrada: mais do que as necessidades corporais; Fadiga; Disfuno sexual; Percepo sensorial perturbada: audio; Dor aguda; Padres de sexualidade inefi cazes; Risco de nutrio desequilibrada: mais do que as necessidades. O estudo sobre diagnsticos de enfermagem ajudou a expandir o conhecimento da realidade dos pacientes, o que necessrio para o estabelecimento de cuidados de enfermagem ao transplante renal, bem como para abordar os resultados que vierem a ser desenvolvidas com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade de vida

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The balance between the demands of two important spheres of human life, work and family, has become a challenge due to the pressures of the contemporary that is expanding around the difficulties of reconciling these two comnios. In this sense, this research aimed to understand the work-family interaction in the perception of executive secretaries. The analysis approach used was qualitative research, by worrying about a reality that can not be quantified due to the subjectivity of his goal. The data collection technique used was the semistructured interview to twenty executive secretaries, servants of a Federal Institution of Higher Education. For the understanding and interpretation of the data, we used the technique of content analysis. The results of both analyzes identified the existence of conflict as enrichment in this interaction. The time was identified as the largest generator of conflict work. The overload, relationship stress and conflict emerged as elements common to both domains. As main implications of labor disputes, were revealed: problamas health for secretaries and stress. As main implications of family conflicts emerged: motivation for work, lower performance and lack of concentration. The attempt at balance was identified as the strategy most used by secretaries to minimize work-family conflict. The work-family enrichment was seen as resources that contribute to improving the lives of the secretary in both domains. The opportunity to add knowledge was highlighted as enriching element of work and family values as elements enriching family. The support and experience emerged as enrichment items common to both domains. Regarding the implications of enrichment resulting from the interaction of work and family, the more perceived by respondents were: increased knowledge and skills, material and psychological benefits, improved quality of life and personal and professional fulfillment. From the perception of executive secretaries, work and family spheres of human life are essential and complementary, and that help is contrary, however, this relationship is the primary management of conflicts, ie, how the individual sees and manages the negative side of the work-family

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The aging process if characterizes for a complex events network, from multidimensional nature, that encloses biological, social, psychic and functional aspects. The alteration of one or more aspects can speed up the aging process, anticipating limitations and until the death in the aged. For an adjusted confrontation of this question is necessary an interdisciplinary vision, in which the some areas of the knowledge can interact and with this to intervenes of the best possible form. Then, information derived from studies of aspects related to incidence, morbidity-mortality and transition patterns, involved in the health-illness process can more accurately identify risk groups thereby establishing links between social factors, illness, incapacity and death. Thus, this study aimed to identify, by a multidimensional vision, the risk factors of mortality in a coorth of elderly in a city in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. A prospective study carried out in Santa Cruz RN, where 310 elderly were randomly selected to form a baseline. The follow-up was 53 months. The predictive variables were divided into sociodemographic, physical health, neuropsychiatric and functional capacity. The statistical analysis carried out by bivariate analysis, survival analysis, followed by binary logistic regression and Cox regression, in the multivariate analysis, considering significant levels p < 0.05 and confidence interval (CI) of 95%. A total of 60 (19.3%) elderly died during the follow-up, where cardiovascular disease was the main cause. The survival was approximately 24.8 months. The study of general survival showed, at 12, 24, 36, and 48 months of observation, a survival rate of 97%, 54%, 31%, and 5% respectively, with a statistical difference in survival only observed for the variables of cognitive function and Basic Activities of Daily Living. In the logistic regression analysis, the risk factors identified were cognitive deficits (OR = 8.74), poor perception of health (OR = 3.89) and dependence for Basic Activities of Daily Living (OR = 3.96). In the Cox analysis, as well as dependence for Basic Activities of Daily Living (HR = 3.17), cognitive deficit (HR = 4.30) and stroke (CVA) (HR = 3.49) continued as independent risk factors for death. The risk factors found in the study can be interpreted as the primary predictors for death among elderly members of the community. Therefore, improvements in health conditions, with actions towards sustaining an autonomous life with special attention for elderly with cognitive impairment, could mean additional healthy quality of life, resulting in the reduction of premature mortality in this population

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Obesity is currently considered a public health problem and there has been growing interest in the study of various aspects related to this infirmity such as: epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and others. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of weight excess and overweight in preschoolers in Natal, Brazil and relate them to variables such as gender, age, type of school (public or private) and zones of the city (east/south and north/west). This is a transversal study, carried out in Natal, Brazil between August and September 2004, in 20 public and 20 private schools/day care centers selected by the systematic sampling method. We measured the weight and height of 3721 students between the ages of 2 and 6 years. The children were stratified, according to age, into age group 1 (2 to 4 years) and age group 2 (5 and 6 years) and according to the region of the school, into north/west and east/south zones, the regions with the smallest and highest quality of life indices in the city, respectively. Children were considered to have weight excess when BMI &#8805; 85th percentile, including those with BMI &#8805; 95th percentile and overweight when BMI &#8805; 95th percentile. The prevalence of weight excess was 26.5%, and of overweight 12.4%. There was greater prevalence of weight excess in the private schools and in the east/south zones. Overweight displayed the same epidemiologic profile, with a greater prevalence in private schools and in the east/south zones. The prevalence of weight excess in preschoolers in Natal, Brazil is high and is related, above all, to private schools and to those located in the highest quality of life areas. Therefore, prevention programs should be implanted in elementary schools in order to decrease weight excess and possible associated co-morbidities. This research project met the norms established by PPGCSa/UFRN and aimed at promoting the interrelation between different researchers and between different fields of knowledge, using multi and interdisciplinary concepts. This study was enriched by the interaction between the following professionals: pediatrician, pediatric gastroenterologist and physician nutrition specialist, pediatric endocrinologist, epidemiologist and biostatistician

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The occurrence of human cancer in the municipality of Lucrcia (RN, Brazil) has shown high frequencies (INCA, 2007). Tests of micronucleus (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NA) were performed to assess the genotoxic potential of water from the Lucrcia dam, which is located in a semi-arid region under the influence of crop irrigation and irregular rainfall. Water samples were collected in this source for analyzing the concentration of cyanobacteria, metals and radioactivity. Erythrocytes of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were collected in dam and cells of human oral mucosa in the urban area of this municipality for the bioassays of MN and NA. In fish were also analyzed concentrations of metals in samples of liver and gills. The genotoxicity tests with biological samples of fish and humans have shown significant increases in the frequencies of MN and NA (p &#8804; 0.05) and are indicative of increased DNA damage in relation to the control groups. In conclusion, the results obtained from water samples and biological municipality of Lucrcia indicates that the presence of chemical and microbiological pollutants, and increase of genotoxic in human of this municipality. We suggest the implementation of advanced water treatment, to prevent further degradation of the aquatic environment and decrease in the life quality. This research of environmental quality assessment was performed in order to contemplate a multi and interdisciplinary character of this water resource and that can induce genotoxic damage in the organisms in this study region

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This descriptive study aimed to investigate the relationship between expression of immunological (TCD4 +) and virological (viral load) parameters, lipodystrophy syndrome and lifestyle variables of people living with HIV who underwent a program of physicalexercise. Initially, the sample was composed by 17 persons, recorded at the Department of Giselda Trigueiro Hospital Care (GTH), Natal-RN . With the passing of the stages of intervention (physical training program- PTP) the number of participants has changed (17, 9, 8 and 7) as the training phases (I, II, III and IV). Data collected were on total cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides. The % fat (% F), body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), lean mass (LM), central fat (BF), total (TF) and peripheral (PF), weight and height were used to measure the morphological parameters. For control of variables (TCD4 +, viral load, Triglycerides, Cholesterol, HDL), the information contained in the blood tests every four months were investigated. After Phase I and II, it was used a structured interview. Then sampling was carried out considering the pre-and post-tests 1, 2, 3 and 4 (after 16, 32, 48 and 64 weeks of training, respectively). Daily, the intensity of the work was checked by the scale of perceived exertion for exercises adapted to resistance34. Procedures used were descriptive statistics (dispersion, absolute and relative frequencies, means, standard deviations and minimum and maximum values) as well as Spearman linear correlation adopting a significance level of p &#8804; 0.05. Positive changes were observed for TCD4 + and viral load in all phases of the PTP. For the morphological components, the loss of central subcutaneous fat (CSF) and total subcutaneous fat (TSF) for both sexes and the decrease in % BF among women were the most dramatic results after the training phase I. For men, results were more significant to % F and LM in Phases I and II and peripheral subcutaneous fat (PSF) declined in all phases of the exercise. As for women, results were more expressive for % F and TM in the phases I and II and the PSF decreased in all phases of the exercise. Whereas for women, the waist/hip ratio (WCQ) and 0% F decreased and showed a positive association with triglycerides (WHR r * 0.82, p 0.042, r 0.88 TSF *, p 0.019 and r 1.00 ** CSF, p <0.001) and among men with limb subcutaneous fat (LSF)* r 0.65, p 0.029). The PTP provided improvement in the health, self-esteem and quality of life, proving to be a possible strategy to positively influence the expression of immunological parameters (TCD4 +) and virological (viral load) and morphological components of people living with HIV causing no deleterious effects in these parameters

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This study had a multidisciplinary focus, investigating the areas of health and education, and proposes to discuss the formation of health professionals, requiring their understanding of the factors involved in the production of knowledge, given that this formation has an impact on the quality of human and social life. The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship existing between the process of physical therapist formation and the practical activities developed during the undergraduate course in the Northeast of Brazil. This is an exploratory descriptive study with qualitative significance. The sample consisted of 73 subjects (33 professors and 40 students) from 6 physical therapy courses at different institutions in the Northeast of Brazil. Data collection was conducted through focus group interviews. In addition, we used a school assessment instrument from the health area. The data, analyzed using dialectical hermeneutics, showed that the Northeast of Brazil has the second largest number of physical therapy courses in the country, with 93 (11 public and 82 private) out of a total of 510. These numbers represent a growth of 1062.5% since 1991. The pedagogical projects are guided by National Curricular Directives as well as by the country s health system. The prevalent pedagogy is that of transmission, and the contents/disciplines are generally not integrated with practice, a situation that hinders the integrality and interdisciplinarity of health care. It can be concluded that there is a need for implementing integrated curricula and for better qualified professors to effectively put this process into practice

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A lcera venosa constitui importante problema de sade pblica, gera repercusso social, econmica e mudanas nos hbitos de vida, dor, sofrimento, acarretando diminuio da qualidade de vida. O estudo objetivou avaliar a assistncia prestada s pessoas com lceras venosas atendidas pela Estratgia Sade da Famlia. um estudo analtico, transversal e quantitativo, realizado com 59 pessoas com lceras venosas, atendidas em 36 unidades da Estratgia Sade da Famlia. O estudo obteve aprovao do projeto de pesquisa pelo Comit de tica da Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se instrumento testado, entrevista, exame fsico e informaes dos pronturios. Os dados foram organizados em planilha do Microsoft Excel 2007, exportados e analisados em software estatstico por meio de estatstica descritiva e inferencial, considerando nvel de significncia estatstica de &#961;-valor < 0,05. As pessoas com lcera venosa eram do sexo feminino (71,2%), &#8805; 60 anos (67,8%) e estavam em tratamento > 1 ano (69,5%). Possuam tempo de leso > 6 meses (64,4%), dor na lcera/membro (86,4%) e leito com &#8804; 30% de granulao/epitelizao (78,0%). A qualidade da assistncia foi ruim (< 5 aspectos positivos) em 57,6% (&#961;=0,000) e os aspectos que mais interferiram foram as seguintes inadequaes: profissional que acompanha/realiza curativo (&#961;=0,002, coeficiente de contingncia (CC) =0,458, razo de chance (RC) =13,9), produtos nos ltimos 30 dias (&#961;=0,038, cc=0,334, RC=7,3) e acesso a consulta com angiologista (&#961;=0,041, cc=0,305, RC=4,1). Os aspectos clnicos que contriburam para o aumento do tempo de assistncia foram: tempo de leso >6 meses (&#961;<0,001), dor (&#961;=0,043), recidiva (&#961;<0,001); nos aspectos assistenciais: inadequao dos produtos com 83,1% (&#961;=0,036). Essas caractersticas dificultaram a cicatrizao tecidual, prolongando o tempo de tratamento das leses,que podem ter contribudo para a cronicidade das lceras