En direct de l'EBSI, no 25

En direct de l'EBSI, la revue des diplômés de l'EBSI, est publiée annuellement par l'École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l'information (EBSI) de l'Université de Montréal. Une version imprimée a aussi été produite de 1988 à 2010.

En direct de l'EBSI, no 26

En direct de l'EBSI, la revue des diplômés de l'EBSI, est publiée annuellement par l'École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l'information (EBSI) de l'Université de Montréal. Une version imprimée a aussi été produite de 1988 à 2010.

Les effets de la stimulation électrique transcrânienne à courant direct appliquée au cortex somatosensoriel primaire sur la perception vibrotactile

La stimulation électrique transcrânienne à courant direct (tDCS) est une technique non invasive de neuromodulation qui modifie l’excitabilité corticale via deux grosses électrodes de surface. Les effets dépendent de la polarité du courant, anodique = augmentation de l’excitabilité corticale et cathodique = diminution. Chez l’humain, il n’existe pas de consensus sur des effets de la tDCS appliquée au cortex somatosensoriel primaire (S1) sur la perception somesthésique. Nous avons étudié la perception vibrotactile (20 Hz, amplitudes variées) sur le majeur avant, pendant et après la tDCS appliquée au S1 controlatéral (anodale, a; cathodale, c; sham, s). Notre hypothèse « shift-gain » a prédit une diminution des seuils de détection et de discrimination pour la tDCS-a (déplacement vers la gauche de la courbe stimulus-réponse et une augmentation de sa pente). On attendait les effets opposés avec la tDCS-c, soit une augmentation des seuils (déplacement à droite et diminution de la pente). Chez la majorité des participants, des diminutions des seuils ont été observées pendant et immédiatement suivant la tDCS-a (1 mA, 20 min) en comparaison à la stimulation sham. Les effets n’étaient plus présents 30 min plus tard. Une diminution du seuil de discrimination a également été observée pendant, mais non après la tDCS-c (aucun effet pour détection). Nos résultats supportent notre hypothèse, uniquement pour la tDCS-a. Une suite logique serait d’étudier si des séances répétées de tDCS-a mènent à des améliorations durables sur la perception tactile. Ceci serait bénéfique pour la réadaptation sensorielle (ex. suite à un accident vasculaire cérébral).

En direct de l'EBSI, no 27

En direct de l'EBSI, la revue des diplômés de l'EBSI, est publiée annuellement par l'École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l'information (EBSI) de l'Université de Montréal. Une version imprimée a aussi été produite de 1988 à 2010.

Optimization of pH and Direct Imaging Conditions of Complexed Methylene Blue Sensitized Poly(vinyl chloride) Films

Significant results of our experimental investigations on the dependence of pH on real time transmission characteristics on recording media fabricated by doping PVC with complexed methylene blue are presented. The optimum pH value for faster bleaching was found to be 4×5. In typical applications, the illumination from one side, normal to the surface of this material, initiates a chemical sequence that records the incident light pattern in the polymer. Thus direct imaging can be successfully done on this sample. The recorded letters were very legible with good contrast and no scattering centres. Diffraction efficiency measurements were also carried out on this material.

Optimization of pH and Direct Imaging Conditions of Complexed Methylene Blue Sensitized Poly(vinyl chloride) Films

Significant results of our experimental investigations on the dependence of pH on real time transmission characteristics on recording media fabricated by doping PVC with complexed methylene blue are presented. The optimum pH value for faster bleaching was found to be 4×5. In typical applications, the illumination from one side, normal to the surface of this material, initiates a chemical sequence that records the incident light pattern in the polymer. Thus direct imaging can be successfully done on this sample. The recorded letters were very legible with good contrast and no scattering centres. Diffraction efficiency measurements were also carried out on this material.

Optimization of pH and direct imaging conditions of complexed methylene blue sensitized poly(vinyl chloride) films

Significant results of our experimental investigations on the dependence of pH on real time transmission characteristics on recording media fabricated by doping PVC with complexed methylene blue are presented. The optimum pH value for faster bleaching was found to be 4 . 5. In typical applications, the illumination from one side, normal to the surface of this material, initiates a chemical sequence that records the incident light pattern in the polymer. Thus direct imaging can be successfully done on this sample. The recorded letters were very legible with good contrast and no scattering centres. Diffraction efficiency measurements were also carried out on this material.

PVC Supported Liquid Membrane and Carbon Paste Potentiometric Sensors Incorporating a Mn(III)-Porphyrin for the Direct Determination of Undissociated Paracetamol

PVC supported liquid membrane and carbon paste potentiometric sensors incorporating an Mn(III)-porphyrin complex as a neutral host molecule were developed for the determination of paracetamol. The measurements were carried out in solution at pH 5.5. Under such conditions paracetamol exists as a neutral molecule. The mechanism of molecular recognition between the Mn(III)-porphyrin and paracetamol, leading to potentiometric signal generation, is discussed.The sensitivity and selectivity toward paracetamol of carbon paste and polymeric liquid membrane electrodes incorporating an Mn(III)-porphyrin host were compared. The applicability of these sensors to the direct determination of paracetamol was checked by performing a recovery test in human plasma.

CACHE REPLACEMENT STRATEGIES FOR MOBILE DATA CACHING.

Data caching is an important technique in mobile computing environments for improving data availability and access latencies particularly because these computing environments are characterized by narrow bandwidth wireless links and frequent disconnections. Cache replacement policy plays a vital role to improve the performance in a cached mobile environment, since the amount of data stored in a client cache is small. In this paper we reviewed some of the well known cache replacement policies proposed for mobile data caches. We made a comparison between these policies after classifying them based on the criteria used for evicting documents. In addition, this paper suggests some alternative techniques for cache replacement

Cooperative caching techniques for mobile ad hoc networks

Data caching can remarkably improve the efficiency of information access in a wireless ad hoc network by reducing the access latency and bandwidth usage. The cache placement problem minimizes total data access cost in ad hoc networks with multiple data items. The ad hoc networks are multi hop networks without a central base station and are resource constrained in terms of channel bandwidth and battery power. By data caching the communication cost can be reduced in terms of bandwidth as well as battery energy. As the network node has limited memory the problem of cache placement is a vital issue. This paper attempts to study the existing cooperative caching techniques and their suitability in mobile ad hoc networks.

A key based cache replacement policy for cooperative caching in mobile ad hoc networks

Cooperative caching in mobile ad hoc networks aims at improving the efficiency of information access by reducing access latency and bandwidth usage. Cache replacement policy plays a vital role in improving the performance of a cache in a mobile node since it has limited memory. In this paper we propose a new key based cache replacement policy called E-LRU for cooperative caching in ad hoc networks. The proposed scheme for replacement considers the time interval between the recent references, size and consistency as key factors for replacement. Simulation study shows that the proposed replacement policy can significantly improve the cache performance in terms of cache hit ratio and query delay

A Novel Cache Resolution Technique For Cooperative Caching In Wireless Mobile Networks

Cooperative caching is used in mobile ad hoc networks to reduce the latency perceived by the mobile clients while retrieving data and to reduce the traffic load in the network. Caching also increases the availability of data due to server disconnections. The implementation of a cooperative caching technique essentially involves four major design considerations (i) cache placement and resolution, which decides where to place and how to locate the cached data (ii) Cache admission control which decides the data to be cached (iii) Cache replacement which makes the replacement decision when the cache is full and (iv) consistency maintenance, i.e. maintaining consistency between the data in server and cache. In this paper we propose an effective cache resolution technique, which reduces the number of messages flooded in to the network to find the requested data. The experimental results gives a promising result based on the metrics of studies.

A virtual backbone based approach for cooperative caching in mobile ad hoc networks

Cache look up is an integral part of cooperative caching in ad hoc networks. In this paper, we discuss a cooperative caching architecture with a distributed cache look up protocol which relies on a virtual backbone for locating and accessing data within a cooperate cache. Our proposal consists of two phases: (i) formation of a virtual backbone and (ii) the cache look up phase. The nodes in a Connected Dominating Set (CDS) form the virtual backbone. The cache look up protocol makes use of the nodes in the virtual backbone for effective data dissemination and discovery. The idea in this scheme is to reduce the number of nodes involved in cache look up process, by constructing a CDS that contains a small number of nodes, still having full coverage of the network. We evaluated the effect of various parameter settings on the performance metrics such as message overhead, cache hit ratio and average query delay. Compared to the previous schemes the proposed scheme not only reduces message overhead, but also improves the cache hit ratio and reduces the average delay

Cooperative Caching Framework for Mobile Cloud Computing

Due to the advancement in mobile devices and wireless networks mobile cloud computing, which combines mobile computing and cloud computing has gained momentum since 2009. The characteristics of mobile devices and wireless network makes the implementation of mobile cloud computing more complicated than for fixed clouds. This section lists some of the major issues in Mobile Cloud Computing. One of the key issues in mobile cloud computing is the end to end delay in servicing a request. Data caching is one of the techniques widely used in wired and wireless networks to improve data access efficiency. In this paper we explore the possibility of a cooperative caching approach to enhance data access efficiency in mobile cloud computing. The proposed approach is based on cloudlets, one of the architecture designed for mobile cloud computing.

A location aided cooperative caching protocol for mobile ad hoc networks

Cooperative caching is an attractive solution for reducing bandwidth demands and network latency in mobile ad hoc networks. Deploying caches in mobile nodes can reduce the overall traffic considerably. Cache hits eliminate the need to contact the data source frequently, which avoids additional network overhead. In this paper we propose a data discovery and cache management policy for cooperative caching, which reduces the caching overhead and delay by reducing the number of control messages flooded in to the network. A cache discovery process based on location of neighboring nodes is developed for this. The cache replacement policy we propose aims at increasing the cache hit ratio. The simulation results gives a promising result based on the metrics of studies