Implantação e uso de sistema de informações geográficas para a Área Antártica Especialmente Gerenciada Baía do Almirantado, Ilha Rei George, Antártica

Esta dissertação descreve a implementação de um Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) para a Área Antártica Especialmente Gerenciada (AAEG) da Baía do Almirantado, Ilha Rei George, Arquipélago das Schetland do Sul, Antártica. O trabalho constituiu na definição de equipamentos e do SIG (ARC/INFO) necessários para a operação do sistema e integração dos dados nos diferentes formatos. Os primeiros planos de informação para este SIG estão prontos: (1) altimetria; (2) batimetria; (3) linha de costa; (4) glaciologia; (5) áreas livres de gelo; (6) ocupação humana (feições antropogênicas); e (7) toponímias. Os resultados são apresentados através de quatro estudos, exemplificando algumas de suas aplicações no gerenciamento da área. Inicialmente realizou-se a revisão dos limites da AAEG, conforme sugestões do Protocolo ao Tratado Antártico sobre Proteção ao Meio Ambiente (Protocolo de Madri), a área total foi recalculada em 362km2 (anteriormente calculada em 370 km2). A partir da geração de um Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) obteve-se a visualização tridimensional da área, que possibilitou a descrição de algumas de suas características geomorfológicas e revisão de cálculos morfométricos. As águas da AAEG possuem um volume de 24,1km3, sendo 22,7 km3 pertencentes a Baía do Almirantado e 1,4km3 ao Estreito de Bransfield. Com a integração de dados multitemporais, quantificou-se a retração das frentes de gelo da Baía do Almiratado, constatando-se a perda de 22,5km2 de gelo (12% da cobertura atual) entre 1956 e 2000. E, finalmente, a Península Keller serviu como área teste para um pequeno estudo de impacto ambiental, sendo identificado conflito da ocupação humana com áreas de reprodução, constatando-se a ocorrência de impacto superior a um impacto menor ou transitório, segundo as definições do Protocolo Madri. A implementação do sistema seguiu os padrões de Working Group of Geodesy and Geographic Information (WG-GGI) do Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), permitindo a compatibilidade com projetos internacionais. O SIG serve como importante ferramenta de apoio ao gerenciamento da AAEG, podendo ser utilizado no planejamento de atividades científicas e logísticas, monitoramento e avaliações de impacto ambiental.

Implementação de um protótipo de uma aplicação multimídia sobre a Ilha Rei George, Antártica

Esta dissertação aborda a implementação de um protótipo de aplicação multimídia referente à Ilha Rei George (61º 50’ S, 57º 30’ W e 62º 15’ S, 59º 00' W), Antártica. Nessa ilha o Brasil mantém sua única estação polar, onde realiza parte das pesquisas do Programa Antártico Brasileiro (PROANTAR). O presente trabalho visa reduzir a carência por materiais didáticos em língua portuguesa sobre as regiões polares e aborda aspectos gerais da biota, geografia física (geologia, climatologia e oceanografia) e geografia humana (história de ocupação, turismo, pesquisa e impactos gerados pela presença humana). O público alvo são pessoas com nível de instrução de ensino médio incompleto ou níveis mais avançados. O conteúdo é apresentado de forma a cativar a atenção do usuário, sem exageros estéticos. A fim de obter material para subsidiar o projeto, foram realizados registros por meio de fotografias, gravações em vídeo e entrevistas durante os trabalhos de campo na ilha, realizados no verão de 2004. Além dos registros em campo, são apresentados materiais didáticos tais como textos, ilustrações e animações em 3D. Parte do material gerado está disponível para utilização posterior em outros projetos O ambiente de desenvolvimento utilizado para a aplicação foi o Macromedia Director, para Apple Macintosh. O produto do projeto é um protótipo que pode ser distribuído em mídia removível, CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) ou DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc Read Only Memory) e é encontrado como um encarte no final desta dissertação. A informação compilada e reunida na aplicação permite ao público acesso a dados atualizados sobre o ambiente antártico de forma simples, didática e interativa. O trabalho esclarece as relações entre a Antártica e o mundo, principalmente no que faz referência à ilha Rei George, buscando a valorização das regiões polares.

George Day Welsh nas relações entre a Madeira e os Estados Unidos da América (primeira metade do século XIX)

Tendo este trabalho como objecto de estudo a personalidade do cidadão americano George Day Welsh, radicado na Madeira no início do século XIX, pretende-se caracterizar, ao longo desta dissertação, os elementos fundamentais das relações entre a Ilha da Madeira e os Estados Unidos da América, aos níveis político, económico, social e cultural, e apenas no período relativo à primeira metade do século XIX. Organizado em quatro partes fundamentais (onde não se incluem nem a apresentação inicial que se segue, nem os apêndices finais de documentos e de gravuras antigas), este estudo começa por, na primeira parte, descrever as relações de Portugal com a Inglaterra e, em particular, com os Estados Unidos da América, país de origem de George Day Welsh, não deixando também de documentar a ida de marinheiros assim como a presença de madeirenses nos Estados Unidos da América. Na segunda parte, começando a traçar o percurso biográfico de George Day Welsh, descrevem-se os seus negócios e as suas acções em alguns dos concelhos da Madeira, dando igualmente uma especial atenção ao período da Guerra Civil, às relações concorrenciais entre aquele cidadão americano e John Marsh, assim como ao papel cultural de George Welsh na Madeira. As relações familiares de Welsh na Madeira são o assunto da terceira parte, onde se focam as questões relacionados com a sua chegada à Ilha, o seu casamento, a sua descendência, e a sua proximidade em relação a outros madeirenses ilustres, como é o caso do Conde de Carvalhal. Na conclusão final desta dissertação, referem-se não só as ideias principais deste percurso de investigação como algumas pistas para aperfeiçoá-lo e completá-lo.

Henrique Novaes: técnica, território e cidade em uma trajetória profissional: Brasil, primeira metade do século XX

The career of civil engineer Henrique de Novaes, a remarkable figure in the academic, technical and political fields, demonstrates its extensive and relevant work across Brazil in the first half of the twentieth century. It covered from the design of water supply and sewage works, road and rail transport networks, works against drought in the Northeast, hydroelectric and harbor facilities to the urbanization planning and architectural projects, which displays a systematic and multiple production. City and territory conformed to his fields of verification, practical and above all, transformation. The search for understanding of the inclusion of a social actor in this process thus contributes to the specific analysis of the doings of Henrique de Novaes, who graduated at Polytechnic School of Rio de Janeiro in 1906. From a polymorphic activity in different scales, one tries to figure how, through academic education or professional practice, urban history in Brazil can be told or built. The introduction of technological innovations matched the purposes of planning and urban sprawl, as well as met the specifications of regulation and institutionalization of public infrastructure services at the time. The overall plans proposed by the engineer thought of the city as a whole, interconnected to the structural networks. At the same time, the knowledge of a larger physical scale the territory bounces back in the urban in a relationship of reciprocity and completeness. The objective research, therefore, tries to understand the roles played by Henrique de Novaes s works and academic education in the accomplishment of systematic modernization of Brazilian urban space and territory, recovering a little known historical figure by current historiography. It is proposed, as methodological axis, that the study of this professional career configures itself as an essential element for understanding the idea of progress embodied in the technical studies and proposals for improvements and sanitation nationwide in the first half of the twentieth century . The primary sources for the construction of this analysis were technical articles in journals of the period ( Clube de Engenharia , Viação e Revista Brasileira de Engenharia ), and technical reports, government messages, newspaper articles published at the time, autobiographical reports and the engineer s verbal communications with relatives. The work is structured in three chapters: "Biographical traces, academic education and 'technical and political' activities" illustrates the initiation into the technical, public and political environment; Chapter 2, "Technique and territory" outlines his network understanding through sanitation and transport services; Chapter 3 "Technique and City" describes the influence of polytechnics knowledge on the propositions of modernization of cities; Finally, "Final Thoughts: An Evaluation," presents an overview of the affiliations and practice of an engineer in the different scales, and its contribution to the modernization of Brazilian urban and territorial space

Repercussões psico-sociais da síndrome dos ovários policísticos: estudo quali-quantitativo

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrame (PCOS) has been shown to cause a reduction in quality of life. Little is known on the psychosocial aspects associated with PCOS, especially on women s own experiences regarding the syndrome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the psychosocial impact of PCOS by measuring the health-related quality of life and exploring the women s own experiences of PCOS. METHODS: A two-phase model of combination of quantitative and qualitative research approaches was conducted, a crass-sectional survey to pravide quantitative data on the quality of life and a qualitative approach to understand the women s experience in relation to the PC OS sympt?ms. For the first phase, 109 women with PC OS and 104 healthy contrais were evaluated with the 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). Additionally, semi-structured interviews (n=30) were conducted to facilitate in-depth exploration of PC OS women s experience. RESUL TS: PCOS patients showed significant reductions in almost ali SF-36 domains of quality of life when compared with healthy contrais (physical function 76.5:!:20.5 and 84.6:!:15.9, respectively; physical rale function 56.4:!:43.3 and 72.6:!:33.3; general health 55.2:!:21.0 and 62.5:!:17.2; vitality 49.6:!:21.3 and 55.3:!:21.3; social function 55.3:!:32.4 and 66.2:!:26.7; emotional rale function 34.2:!:39.7 and 52.9:!:38.2; mental health 50.6:!:22.8 and 59.2:!:20.2). Thematic analysis revealed reports of feeling abnormal , sadness, afraid and anxiety. These feelings were related to four symptoms commonly experienced by women with PCOS: excess hair grawth; irregular or absent menstruation, infertility and obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Polycystic ovary syndrame impacts women both physically and psychosocially. Owing to this, women with PCOS need not only medical treatment for. the reproductive, esthetic and metabolic repercussions, but also the care of a multidisciplinary team, since PCOS is not just a physical condition, but also an important psychosocial problem that affects various aspects of a woman s life

Egg capsules of the little skate, Psammobatis extenta (Garman, 1913) (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uma reavaliação do pensamento lógico de George Boole à luz da história da matemática

The aim of the present study is to reevaluate the logical thought of the English mathematician George Boole (1815 - 1864). Thus, our research centers on the mathematical analysis of logic in the context of the history of mathematics. In order to do so, we present various biographical considerations about Boole in the light of events that happened in the 19th century and their consequences for mathematical production. We briefly describe Boole's innovations in the areas of differential equations and invariant theory and undertake an analysis of Boole's logic, especially as formulated in the book The Mathematical Analysis of Logic, comparing it not only with the traditional Aristotelian logic, but also with modern symbolic logic. We conclude that Boole, as he intended, expanded logic both in terms of its content and also in terms of its methods and formal elaboration. We further conclude that his purpose was the mathematical modeling of deductive reasoning, which led him to present an innovative formalism for logic and, because the different ways it can be interpreted, a new conception of mathematics

Estudo das propriedades termofísicas com variação da expansibilidade de compósito desenvolvido com matriz PUR-NOP e carga funcional de argilomineral

In this study were conducted experimental procedures for determination of variation of the expandability of rigid polyurethane foam (PUR) from a natural oil polyol (NOP), specifically the Castor oil plant, Ricinus communis, pure and additions of the vermiculite in phase dispersed in different percentage within a range from 0% to 20%, mass replacement. From the information acquired, were defined the parameters for production of bodies of test, plates obtained through controlled expansion, with the final volume fixed. Initially, the plates were subjected to thermal performance tests and evaluated the temperature profiles, to later be extracted samples duly prepared in accordance with the conditions required for each test. Was proceeded then the measurement of the coefficient of thermal conductivity, volumetric capacity heat and thermal diffusivity. The findings values were compared with the results obtained in the tests of thermal performance, contributing to validation of the same. Ultimately, it was investigated the influence that changes in physical-chemical structure of the material had exerted on the variation of thermophysical quantities through gas pycnometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDXRF), infrared spectroscopy using Fourier transform (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Based on the results obtained was possible to demonstrate that all load percentage analyzed promoted an increase in the potential expansion (PE) of the resin. In production of the plates, the composites with density near at the free expansion presented high contraction during the cure, being the of higher density adopted as definitive standard. In the thermal performance tests, the heating and cooling curves of the different composites had presented symmetry and values very close for lines of the temperature. The results obtained for the thermophysical properties of composites, showed little difference in respect of pure foam. The percentage of open pores and irregularities in the morphology of the composites were proportionate to the increment of vermiculite. In the interaction between the matrix and dispersed phase, there were no chemical transformations in the region of interface and new compounds were not generated. The composites of PUR-NOP and vermiculite presented thermal insulating properties near the foam pure and percentage significantly less plastic in its composition, to the formulation with 10% of load

Comportamento social e territorialidade alimentar na garça-azul, Egretta caerulea (L) = Feeding territoriality in the little blue heron, Egretta caerulea (L)

The use of habitat is an important part of a species biology. One resource of great importance for the survivor and reproduction of an individual is the food resource. Thus, the social interactions an animal has during the feeding activities are of extremely importance within its behavioral aspects, which represents the part of an organism trough which it interacts with the environment, adapting to changes and variations. Herons are known to form feeding aggregations of even more than thousands of individuals, in which social components of foraging have been identified and studied for several species. More profound studies of these aspects are yet to poor for the Little Blue Heron, Egretta caerulea. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the social behavior (display postures, vocalizations and co-specific interactions) and the territoriality of the specie during the feeding period in an area of mud bank in the estuarine system of Cananéia, south coast of São Paulo state, Brazil. The defense of a fixed and exclusive area, closest to the mangrove, trough expulsion was observed; some thing that have not yet been registered with concrete data for the specie. Higher capture and success rates, and lower investment rates (steps/min and stabs/min) were registered for individuals foraging in areas corresponding to the defended territory. This could be one of possible reasons for the establishment of territories in the area. Four display postures were registered for the specie, two of then new in the literature, which are used in the interactions between individuals; one vocalization, that apparently is important in the social context of foraging for the specie and, possibly, has a function of advertising and proclaiming the dominance position of the territorial individual within the group. A territorial individual uses three behaviors, of the ones described: expulsion, vocalization and encounter (agonistic encounter between individuals, without physical aggression). Of these, the expulsion is apparently used in the actual defense, actively; while the other two behaviors are used in a more passive way, in the maintenance of the dominance position of the individual, helping it in the defense of its territory in a less direct manner. Therefore, with the results presented in here, new components of the social utilization of the feeding resource for the Little Blue Heron were identified, incorporating aspects of the territorial behavior for a future understanding of its possible adaptive significance. And it also reinforces the importance of the social interactions of herons foraging in great aggregations, in areas ecologically important

A prelude of a 'little army'? São Paulo police force in the early years of the Republic (1890-1895)

This article analyzes the creation and development of the São Paulo police force during the early years of the republican regime. In a period of political change and turbulence, institutional upheaval (uprising of the Navy and federalist revolution), and social pressure, São Paulo's police force played an important role. As the state sought to organize the public sphere, the police force became a tool in the new government's hands. A more martial set of demands mobilized a large portion of the troops on behalf of the federal government against the Custodio de Mello uprising, and sought to defend São Paulo's borders. Despite official discourse that fomented a militarized response, São Paulo's police force found itself unable to dismiss old personnel and practices and dislodge entrenched interests.