Interfaces cultural, política e organizacional do projeto caminhos do frio rota cultural no contexto da regionalização do turismo no brejo paraibano

This study is the analysis of cultural, political and organizational interfaces of "Caminhos do Frio Rota Cultural" Project in the context of tourism regionalization in Brejo Paraibano and it presents the characterization, routing and inventory of six municipalities of the Project, as well as the identification of cultural elements used for tourist in the routing of the pond, the investigation of political and organizational articulation and the verification of participation of each producing agent in the development of tourism resulting from the swamp of Paraiba. This is a qualitative descriptive and exploratory study, which makes use of the interpretive paradigm to perform an analysis of the environment where occurs the regionalization of tourism in Brejo of Paraíba and the social actors involved in this process in order to pursue development of the region through culture and tourism, with the collection spot in the six counties of the Project participants collected through interviews with managers, community, government agencies and tourist trade, and the use of the technique of direct observation. This time, with the data analysis it was possible to establish the production situation and its cultural and tourist development in the region of Brejo (PB), where culture has become a developmental tool within the tourism industry due to its innovation potential. It was possible to ratify the undisputed vocation of cultural tourism in the region in question, since other projects being developed with the use of cultural resources with a strong influence on the policies of regional tourism. Thus, the main result was that was seen is that the regional development has triggered a refunctionalisation / reappropriation of space just rebuilding a new territorial organization through the development of a regional autonomy of management, a capacity of collective ownership and the use of economic surplus, a spontaneous process of social inclusion as well as awareness and mobilization tourist (even if initial and shy), an appreciation of natural and cultural assets for all stakeholders and especially identification of the population with its region and its culture, as to achieve regional development is not enough to increase the economic, but above all the promotion of endogenous social factors such as changes in social and cultural values and the integration of social actors in this process. Finally, taking into account the definitions of sustainability, it is considered that cannot be said that the development model seen in the swamp of Paraiba is sustainable, but it is a model of regional development based on the unique characteristics that each municipality has and create a regional identity and have correponded expectations / desired results and therefore the viability of the region through the development of cultural tourism was proven

Propriedades magnéticas e magnetorresistência em filmes finos de Ni81Fe19

The ferromagnetic materials play an important role in the development of various electronic devices and, have great importance insofar as they may determine the efficiency, cost and, size of the devices. For this reason, many scientific researches is currently focused on the study of materials at ever smaller scales, in order to understand and better control the properties of nanoscale systems, i.e. with dimensions of the order of nanometers, such as thin film ferromagnetic. In this work, we analyze the structural and magnetic properties and magnetoresistance effect in Permalloy-ferromagnetic thin films produced by magnetron sputtering. In this case, since the magnetoresistance effect dependent interfaces of thin films, this work is devoted to the study of the magnetoresistance in samples of Permalloy in nominal settings of: Ta[4nm]/Py[16nm]/Ta[4nm], Ta[4nm]/Py[16nm]/O2/Ta[4nm], Ta[4nm]/O2/Py[16nm]/Ta[4nm], Ta[4nm]/O2/Py[16n m]/O2/Ta[4nm], as made and subjected to heat treatment at temperatures of 160ºC, 360ºC e 460ºC, in order to verify the influence of the insertion of the oxygen in the layer structure of samples and thermal treatments carried out after production of the samples. Results are interpreted in terms of the structure of the samples, residual stresses stored during deposition, stresses induced by heat treatments and magnetic anisotropies

Meio ambiente e enfermagem: suas interfaces e inserção no ensino de graduação

A degradação ambiental vem modificando nosso cenário de forma acelerada e interferindo negativamente no processo saúde-doença de toda a comunidade. No entanto, o meio ambiente vem sendo concebido como um simples cenário, algo externo ao ser humano, não onde estamos inseridos e no qual acontecem suas interações e inter-relações. A complexidade dos problemas ambientais clama pela adoção de medidas que superem práticas assistencialistas, levando à adoção de práticas transdisciplinares que avancem na promoção da saúde. Neste artigo procura-se discutir, nesta perspectiva, a necessidade de inserção nos cursos de graduação em saúde a temática saúde e meio ambiente, adotando como exemplo um curso de enfermagem do interior paulista que inseriu uma disciplina relacionada ao tema. Analisa também o papel do enfermeiro na relação com o meio ambiente segundo a representação social dos alunos, trabalhada a partir do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Nota-se que é fundamental discutir essa temática ambiental entre os profissionais da saúde, a fim de que eles se empoderem desse conhecimento e consigam identificar problemas relacionados à questão ambiental, propondo ações resolutivas e preventivas, juntamente com a comunidade, procurando amenizar os riscos ambientais a que todos estão expostos. Reforça-se a profundidade do papel dos profissionais de saúde diante dos problemas ambientais, buscando a saúde em uma perspectiva ampliada de promoção da saúde.

Structural and ultrastructural characteristics of the yolk syncytial layer in Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) (Teleostei; Prochilodontidae)

The yolk syncytial layer (YSL) has been regarded as one of the main obstacles for a successful cryopreservation of fish embryos. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize the YSL in Prochilodus lineatus, a fish species found in southeastern Brazil and considered a very important fishery resource. Embryos were obtained through artificial breeding by hormonal induction. After fertilization, the eggs were incubated in vertical incubators with a controlled temperature (28 degrees C). Embryos were collected in several periods of development up to hatching and then fixed with 2% glutaralclehyde and 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.3). Morphological analyses were carried out under either light, transmission or scanning electron microscopy. The formation of the YSL in P. lineatus embryos starts at the end of the cleavage stage (morula), mainly at the margin of the blastoderm, and develops along the embryo finally covering the entire yolk mass (late gastrula) and producing a distinct intermediate zone between the yolk and the endodermal cells. The YSL was characterized by the presence of microvilli on the contact region with the yolk endoderm. A cytoplasmic mass, full of mitochondria, vacuoles, ribosomes, endomembrane nets and euchromatic nuclei, indicated a high metabolic activity. This layer is shown as an interface between the yolk and the embryo cells that, besides sustaining and separating the yolk, acts as a structure that makes it available for the embryo. The structural analyses identified no possible barriers to cryoprotectant penetration.

Ground annatto seeds (Bixa orellana L.) in sorghum-based commercial layer diets and their effects on performance, egg quality, and yolk pigmentation

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

QTL for percentage of carcass and carcass parts in a broiler x layer cross

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Quantitative trait loci for performance traits in a broiler x layer cross

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Quantitative trait loci associated with fatness in a broiler-layer cross

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparative analysis of root surface smear layer removal by different etching modalities or erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser irradiation. A scanning electron microscopy study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser (2.94 mu m) irradiation on the removal of root surface smear layer of extracted human teeth and to compare its efficacy with that of citric acid, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), or a gel containing a mixture of tetracycline hydrochloride (HCl) and citric acid, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thirty human dentin specimens were randomly divided into six groups: G1 (control group), irrigated with 10 ml of physiologic saline solution; G2, conditioned with 24% citric acid gel; G3, conditioned with 24% EDTA gel; G4, conditioned with a 50% citric acid and tetracycline gel; G5, irradiated with Er:YAG laser (47 mJ/10 Hz/5.8 J/cm(2)/pulse); G6, irradiated with Er:YAG laser (83 mJ/10 Hz/10.3 J/cm(2)/pulse). Electron micrographs were obtained and analyzed according to a rating system. Statistical analysis was conducted with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (P < 0.05). G1 was statistically different from all the other groups; no statistically significant differences were observed between the Er:YAG laser groups and those undergoing the other treatment modalities. When the two Er:YAG laser groups were compared, the fluency of G6 was statistically more effective in smear layer removal than the one used in G5 (Mann-Whitney test, P < 0.01). Root surfaces irradiated by Er:YAG laser had more irregular contours than those treated by chemical agents. It can be concluded that all treatment modalities were effective in smear layer removal. The results of our study suggest that the Er:YAG laser can be safely used to condition diseased root surfaces effectively. Furthermore, the effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation on root surfaces should be evaluated in vivo so that its potential to enhance the healing of periodontal tissues can be assessed.

Hybrid layer thickness and resin tag length of a self-etching adhesive bonded to sound dentin

Objectives: the purpose of this study is to employ optical microscopy to measure the thickness of the hybrid layer and the penetration (tags) of an aggressive self-etching adhesive system into sound dentin.Methods: occtusat cavities were prepared in 40 extracted human posterior teeth. The prepared teeth were randomly assigned to four experimental groups with 10 specimens each. The self-etching adhesive system Adper Prompt L-Pop was applied to the dentin surface as follows: Group 1: cavosurface enamel was etched for 60 s and dentin for 20 s with 35% phosphoric acid get, immediately followed by application of the self -etching adhesive with a brush to the entire cavity for 15 s; Groups 2, 3, and 4: no pre-etching was performed, and the self -etching adhesive was applied to both enamel and dentin for 15, 30 and 45 s, respectively. After curing, the cavities were fitted with composite resin Fittek Z250. Afterwards, the teeth were decalcified and the restorations were carefully removed for later embedding in paraffin. The specimens were serially sectioned at 6 mu m of thickness and sequentially mounted in glass slides. These sections were stained with Brown and Brenn staining for posterior analysis and measurement of the hybrid layer and resin tags on a tight microscope with a micrometric ocular 40/075. The results were submitted to analysis of variance at the 5% level.Results: whenever there was significance, the Tukey test was applied at the 5% level. The specimens receiving application of acid etching before the selfetching. adhesive displayed a larger thickness of the hybrid layer; on the other hand, specimens receiving only application of the self -etching adhesive on dentin for 15, 30 and 45 s exhibited similar thickness of the hybrid layer. As regards the resin tags, no statistically significant differences could be found between the study groups.Conclusions: it could be concluded that the increase in the time of application of the self-etching adhesive Adper Prompt L-Pop did not significantly influence the formation and thickness of hybrid layer, as well as its penetration into the sound dentin surface. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of the Smear Layer and Hybrid Layer in Noncarious and Carious Dentin Prepared by Air Abrasion System and Diamond Tips

Purpose: To analyze the smear layer and the hybrid layer in noncarious and carious dentin prepared by different cutting instruments and restored with composite resin. Study design: Cavities were randomly prepared in 160 specimens (noncarious and artificial carious dentin) by high-speed diamond tips (KG Sorensen 1013), air abrasion system (Prepstart, Danville Engineering), ultrasonic tip (CVDentus 8.3231-1), and ultrasonic tip associated with ultrasonic cavitation by water for 10 s. Half of the cavities in each group were conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s. The amount of smear layer and dentinal tubules present were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and graded from 0 to 3. Cavities were prepared in another 20 noncarious specimens and 20 carious specimens and restored with adhesive composite resin system. The restorations were hemisected longitudinally and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the hybrid layer and resinous prolongation characteristics, using scores ranging from 1 to 6. Results: The data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests at 5% of significance level. There was evidence that the most efficient smear layer removal was the acid etching in the noncarious dentin and the water ultrasonic cavitation in the carious dentin. The hybrid layer formed on the noncarious and carious dentin prepared by the ultrasonic tip was more regular than in the specimens prepared by high-speed diamond tip, with many resinous prolongations. Conclusion: The ultrasonic tip seems to be a promising tool for carious dentin cavity preparation. Microsc. Res. Tech. 73:597-605, 2010. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

A comparative SEM study of smear layer removal by detergents and EDTA on the root surface

The present study performed an SEM evaluation of the efficiency of the following detergents on smear layer removal on the root surface: sodium lauryl sulphate, Plax, castor oil, and EDTA 24%. Sodium lauryl sulphate did not remove the smear layer and showed the worst results of all detergents tested. Plax and castor-oil detergents showed similar results represented by partial removal of the smear layer; these results were better than those obtained in the control (physiologic serum) and sodium lauryl sulphate groups. Neutral EDTA 24% was the most efficient detergent for smear layer removal.