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A "Greater Britain": colonial kin in fictions of settlement, 1850-1890

This dissertation traces the ways in which nineteenth-century fictional narratives of white settlement represent “family” as, on the one hand, an abstract theoretical model for a unified and relatively homogenous British settler empire and on the other, a fundamental challenge to ideas about imperial integrity and transnational Anglo-Saxon racial identification. I argue that representations of transoceanic white families in nineteenth-century fictions about Australian settler colonialism negotiate the tension between the bounded domesticity of an insular English nation and the kind of kinship that spans oceans and continents as a result of mass emigration from the British isles to the United States, Canada, New Zealand, and the Australian colonies. As such, these fictions construct productive analogies between the familial metaphors and affective language in the political discourse of “Greater Britain”—-a transoceanic imagined community of British settler colonies and their “mother country” united by race and language—-and ideas of family, gender, and domesticity as they operate within specific bourgeois families. Concerns over the disruption of transoceanic families bear testament to contradictions between the idea of a unified imperial identity (both British and Anglo-Saxon), the proliferation of fractured local identities (such as settlers’ English, Irish Catholic, and Australian nationalisms), and the conspicuous absence of indigenous families from narratives of settlement. I intervene at the intersection of postcolonial literary criticism and gender theory by examining the strategic deployments of heteronormative kinship metaphors and metonymies in the rhetorical consolidation of settler colonial space. Settler colonialism was distinct from the “civilizing” domination of subject peoples in South Asia in that it depended on the rhetorical construction of colonial territory as empty space or as land occupied by nearly extinct “primitive” races. This dissertation argues that political rhetoric, travel narratives, and fiction used the image of white female bourgeois reproductive power and sentimental attachment as a technology for settler colonial success, embodying this technology both in the benevolent figure of the metropolitan “mother country” (the paternalistic female counter to the material realities of patriarchal and violent settler colonial practices) and in fictional juxtapositions of happy white settler fecund families with the solitary self-extinguishing figure of the black aboriginal “savage.” Yet even in the narratives where the continuity and coherence of families across imperial space is questioned—-and “Greater Britain” itself—-domesticity and heteronormative familial relations effectively rewrite settler space as white, Anglo-Saxon and bourgeois, and the sentimentalism of troubled European families masks the presence and genocide of indigenous aboriginal peoples. I analyze a range of novels and political texts, canonical and non-canonical, metropolitan and colonial. My introductory first chapter examines the discourse on a “Greater Britain” in the travel narratives of J.A. Froude, Charles Wentworth Dilke, and Anthony Trollope and in the Oxbridge lectures of Herman Merivale and J.R. Seeley. These writers make arguments for an imperial economy of affect circulating between Britain and the settler colonies that reinforces political connections, and at times surpasses the limits of political possibility by relying on the language of sentiment and feeling to build a transoceanic “Greater British” community. Subsequent chapters show how metropolitan and colonial fiction writers, including Charles Dickens, Anthony Trollope, Marcus Clarke, Henry Kingsley, and Catherine Helen Spence, test the viability of this “Greater British” economy of affect by presenting transoceanic family connections and structures straining under the weight of forces including the vast distances between colonies and the “mother country,” settler violence, and the transportation system.

Economía y sociedad en Burgos (1890-1936): la Caja de Ahorros del Círculo Católico

El objetivo que pretende alcanzar esta investigación y la metodología que se va a utilizar conducen a un propósito: realizar un análisis de la Caja de Ahorros y Monte de Piedad del Círculo Católico de Obreros de Burgos –a lo largo de sesenta años– que ponga de relieve su impacto real sobre la sociedad en la que se instala y ayude a explicar su contribución en el devenir de la historia burgalesa de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Aspira a presentar a la Institución como un síntoma, como la respuesta imprescindible de unas clases dirigentes necesitadas de instrumentos con los que construir un edificio económico–político y social acorde con el nuevo tiempo. La Caja de Ahorros nació, se instaló y se consolidó sustentada en tres anclajes: el marco legislativo e ideológico que fomentaba la creación de estas entidades benéfico-sociales, el soporte organizativo y doctrinal que le proporcionó el Círculo Católico y la institución eclesiástica, y el espacio socioeconómico y de poder del Burgos que transita entre la Restauración y el comienzo de la Dictadura. Se pretende establecer un diseño teórico que explique el verdadero alcance de la Institución: definir su contribución como agente del cambio o de la permanencia; la dimensión que adquiere como centro de poder; el peso y proyección política de sus dirigentes; la medida de su influencia ideológica, que cristaliza en el dibujo urbano o conformando mentalidades; y objetivar en cifras la verdadera eficacia de su compromiso económico y como agente de vertebración social. También evaluar las repercusiones que sus actuaciones tuvieron en la capital y el resto de la provincia, en todos los órdenes: conformación de las mentalidades, política local, ordenamiento urbano, tejido asociativo, educativo, institucional y, desde luego, en la construcción de un determinado modelo económico. De ahí el interés en tender relaciones y conexiones entre el Burgos decimonónico, el de la crisis finisecular y el de la posguerra. Y, en fin, entender cómo desde instituciones como el Círculo Católico y con instrumentos como su Caja de Ahorros se reconducen las mentalidades: para que las actitudes encajen en los moldes preparados al efecto, respecto a la familia, la propiedad, el orden, el trabajo, el dinero y el tiempo...

Mestres estrangeiros; operariado nacional : resistências e derrotas no cotidiano da maior fábrica têxtil do rio de janeiro (1890 - 1920)

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, 2015.

Los orígenes de las reivindicaciones autonomistas catalanas y sardas a través de la prensa periódica del siglo XIX (1840-1890)

The purpose of the thesis for obtaining this PhD diploma is a comparative research between the origin of the Catalonian national movement and the Sardinian national one through the analysis of the 19th century periodicals as well as through a bibliography obtained by extracting them from consulted newspapers and magazines. Not only are both realities compared because of the Aragonese-Catalan influence over the Sardinian culture during its conquer but also because both movements had their origin during the 1840s and developed concurrently along that century presenting some differences, though. The political and cultural scene in Sardinia in those years was characterized by the spread of a discomfort feeling among the population after the acceptance of the “ Fusione perfetta” in 1848 and the following rollout of the “Statuto Albertino” in the island, representing this last regulation an attempt to unify the different Italian provinces in an administrative and legislative way, together with the previous “Feliciano” code from 1827. Therefore, this is how it began to be defined the set of political, economic, and cultural theme that forms the central point of the “questione sarda” (this term and its whole connotation were used for the first time in 1867 in an article published in the Cagliaritano weekly-publication La Cronaca). The singularity of this Sardinian nationalistic movement is related to the origin of the first regional demands expressed during those same years in some European regions and, more specifically, in Catalonia. Actually in this region, in those same years, we find the origin of a cultural movement called RenaixenÇa whose initial claim was the linguistic and cultural Catalonian renaissance and which adopted a more political meaning along the 19th century...

Catalogue of the works of antiquity and art collected by the late William Henry Forman ... : and removed in 1890 to Callaly Castle, Northumberland by Major A.H. Browne /

Includes "A Glossary of terms in ancient art" (32 pages at end).

El turno, un espacio de diversión en Costa Rica, 1890-1930

ResumenEl artículo estudia los orígenes, trayectoria histórica y características de una de las fiestas más populares en Costa Rica, los llamados “turnos”, en el período 1890-1930. La investigación es novedosa, pues analiza elementos asociados a la religiosidad popular, la sociabilidad y la identidad nacional, sin perder de vista ciertos rasgos locales, pues el origen de esta festividad se remonta a las Cofradías coloniales.AbstractThe article asserts the origins, historical trajectory, and characteristics of one of the most popular festivities in Costa Rica, the so-called turnos, in the period between 1890 and 1930. This novel investigation analyzes elements associated with popular religious practices, sociability, and national identity, without excluding certain local features, since the origin of these popular festivities dates back to the colonial Cofradías.

Antropologos, arqueólogos, imperalismo y mayanizacion de hinduras 1890-1940

Resumen Desde principios del siglo XX, desde el estado hondureño se ralizan esfuerzos por mayanizar Honduras. El autor vincula este ´proceso con la hegemonía bananera en ese país centroamericano y con la integración de varios discursos en una identidad nacional post-colonial Abstract Since the start of the twentieth century, the Honduran state fomented efforts to “mayanize” Honduras. The author links this process with the hegemony of banana interests in that Central America country and the integration of various discourses into a post-colonial national identity

Consumo de masas, biodiversidad y fitomejoramiento del banano de exportación, 1920-1890

Resumen Analiza la historia de los programas institucionales de fotomejoramiento del banano de exportación y explora las conexiones históricas entre la producción de banano de exportación, la biodiversidad y el consumo de masas. Abstract This article analyzes the history of institutional banana breeding programs and explores the historical connections between export banana production, biodiversity, and mass markets

La primera modernización de la caficultora costarricense. 1890-1950

Resumen El propósito central de este trabajo es demostrar las renovaciones técnicas que experimento la caficultura costarricense en la primera mitad del siglo XX. Abstract The aim of this essay is to trace the technical innovations implemented by Costa Rican coffee growers en the first half of the twentieth century.

El ejército en Costa Rica. Poder político, poder militar, 1821-1890. Libro de Edwin Solís S y Carlos González Pacheco

IntroducciónLa obra de Carlos González y Edwin Solís S. sobre el ejército costarricense es en sentido crítico, un estudio de la coyuntura del poder político y militar, instaurado en el país de 1870 a 1890. Esto se observa, si se revisa con detenimiento la fundamentación documental referida a esa countura y si se toma en cuenta los resultados de los capítulos segundo, tercero y cuarto (de conclusiones)... 

Bayesian model averaging for harmful algal bloom prediction

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are a worldwide problem that have been increasing in frequency and extent over the past several decades. HABs severely damage aquatic ecosystems by destroying benthic habitat, reducing invertebrate and fish populations and affecting larger species such as dugong that rely on seagrasses for food. Few statistical models for predicting HAB occurrences have been developed, and in common with most predictive models in ecology, those that have been developed do not fully account for uncertainties in parameters and model structure. This makes management decisions based on these predictions more risky than might be supposed. We used a probit time series model and Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to predict occurrences of blooms of Lyngbya majuscula, a toxic cyanophyte, in Deception Bay, Queensland, Australia. We found a suite of useful predictors for HAB occurrence, with Temperature figuring prominently in models with the majority of posterior support, and a model consisting of the single covariate average monthly minimum temperature showed by far the greatest posterior support. A comparison of alternative model averaging strategies was made with one strategy using the full posterior distribution and a simpler approach that utilised the majority of the posterior distribution for predictions but with vastly fewer models. Both BMA approaches showed excellent predictive performance with little difference in their predictive capacity. Applications of BMA are still rare in ecology, particularly in management settings. This study demonstrates the power of BMA as an important management tool that is capable of high predictive performance while fully accounting for both parameter and model uncertainty.