Carbono orgânico e carbono residual do solo em sistema de plantio direto, submetido a diferentes manejos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Phosphorus solubilizing and iaa production activities in plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from brazilian soils under sugarcane cultivation

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) has been used as a biofertilizer, bringing benefits to agriculture as Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB), indole-acetic acid (IAA) producers, and with other activites. The goal of this report was the identification of PGPR from soils under sugarcane crops by 16S rRNA sequencing, and the evaluation of the ability of phosphorus solubilizing and IAA production by biological assays. The isolates of this work were obtained from three areas of sugarcane crop from São Paulo State, Brazil. All isolates came from rhizosphere soil, and in a total of 60 isolates just 10 have showed high ability in phosphorus solubilizing. The selection of PSB may be done by phenotypic and/or genotypic characterization. Among ten isolates Enterobacter sp. (FJ890899), Entrobacter homaechei subsp. verschuerennii (FJ890998), Burkholderia sp. (FJ890895), and Labrys portucalensis (FJ890891) were able to IAA production. © 2006-2012 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).

Fermentation characteristics of several carbohydrate sources for dog diets using the in vitro gas production technique

Fermentable carbohydrates are an important part of the canine diet. They can improve gastrointestinal health by modifying gut microbial population and metabolic activity. The present study compared the fermentation characteristics and kinetic patterns of 10 carbohydrate sources using the in vitro gas production technique (IVGPT) with dog faecal inoculum. The substrates tested were: pure cellulose (PC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), sugar-cane fibre (SCF), beet pulp (BP), wheat bran (WB), fructooligosaccharides (FOS), inulin, yeast cell wall (YCW), ground psyllium seed (PS), pea hulls (PH). All substrates were incubated at 39°C under anaerobic conditions with faeces collected from dogs as microbial inoculum. Gas production of fermenting cultures was recorded and after 48 h, pH, shortchain fatty acids (SCFA) and organic matter disappearance (OMD) were determined. The results confirm high fermentation by dog faecal bacteria of FOS and inulin that produced high amounts of propionate and that underwent very rapid fermentation. Three substrates (SCF, CMC and PC) were not able to support bacterial growth, with low gas and SCFA production, and high BCFA formation. The PH and BP showed moderate OMD and SCFA production. Wheat bran B underwent rapid fermentation and generated a high proportion of butyrate. Psyllium seeds underwent slow fermentation with delayed gas production, supporting a high formation of SCFA, with an adequate amount of butyrate for bacterial growth while YCW, which showed a delayed fermentation, gave moderate SCFA production. The fermentation characteristics of PS and YCW suggest their potential use in promoting a more distal fermentation on intestinal tract. © Copyright S. Calabrò et al., 2013 Licensee PAGEPress, Italy.

Rhizoctonia solani GA-3PT es el principal patógeno asociado con el chancro del tallo y la sarna negra de la papa en Colombia

Stem canker and black scurf diseases of potatoes are caused by the basidiomycetous fungus Tanatephorus cucumeris (ana-morphic species complex Rhizoctonia solani). Tese diseases have worldwide distribution wherever potato is grown but their etiology varies depending on the predominance of distinct R. solani anastomosis groups (AGs) in a particular area. Within the species complex, several AGs have been associated with stem canker or black scurf diseases, including AG-1, AG-2-1, AG-2-2, AG-3, AG-4, AG-5 and AG-9. Tis article reports on the most comprehensive population-based study, providing evidence on the distribution of R. solani AGs in Colombian potato fields. A total of 433 isolates were sampled from the main potato cropping areas in Colombia from 2005 to 2009. Isolates were assigned to AGs by conventional PCR assays using specific primers for AG-3, sequencing of the ITS-rDNA and hyphal interactions. Most of the isolates evaluated were assigned to AG-3PT (88.45%), and a few to AG-2-1 (2.54%). Te remaining isolates were binucleate Rhizoctonia (AG-A, E, and I). Pathogenicity tests on the stems and roots of different plant species, including the potato, showed that AG-3PT affects the stems of solanaceous plants. In other plant species, damage was severe in the roots, but not the stems. AG-2-1 caused stem canker of Solanum tuberosum cv. Capiro and in R. raphanistrum and B. campestris subsp. Rapa plantlets and root rot in other plants. Te results of our study indicated that R. solani AG-3PT was the principal pathogen associated with potato stem canker and black scurf diseases of potatoes in Colombia.

Characterization of esterase patterns in hepatopancreas of three species of Macrobrachium (Palaemonidae)

The genus Macrobrachium (Bate, 1868) belongs to the Palaemonidae family. These species are commonly found in lakes, floodplains and rivers in tropical and subtropical regions of South America. The Macrobrachium genus encompasses nearly 210 species of ecological and economic importance. In this study, three species of Macrobrachium (M acrobrachium jelskii, M acrobrachium amazonicum and M acrobrachium brasiliense) were studied in order to characterize the esterase patterns in the hepatopancreas, which were still unknown. Esterases are enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of esters. In the hepatopancreas, these enzymes play important roles in several metabolic processes involved in some functions of this organ, such as detoxification and digestion. Twelve esterase bands (EST1 to EST12) were detected in these species, and a comparison among them showed no qualitative differences in interspecific bands, or between males and females. Inhibitors were used to classify the esterase bands. The results indicated seven acetylesterases, two carboxylesterases, one arylesterase, and one cholinesterase. The EST11 band was not detected in these procedures because of its lower frequency. Statistical analyses showed no variability among the species, in either interspecific or intraspecific assays. These results support the hypothesis of a high evolutionary conservation of esterases in the hepatopancreas of these crustaceans. The data enabled us to assess the genetic structure of these species through the use of esterasic enzymes. It also contributes to our knowledge about the biology of these poorly studied species. Knowledge on the genetic structure of populations and species are essential when defining priorities for their management and conservation. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Eficiência da azospirillum brasilense na fixação de nitrogênio em milho

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Utilização de diferentes culturas lácteas na fabricação da mussarela de leite de búfula

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Esterco de bovino e calcário para formação de mudas de guanandi

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito do uso de Lactobacillus casei como cultura adjunta na qualidade tecnológica de queijo prato com reduzido teor de gordura

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Infecção experimental por Salmonella enterica subspécie enterica sorotipo Panama e tentativa de transmissão naso-nasal em leitões desmamados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Isolamento e identificação de bactérias solubilizadoras de fósforo e produtoras de auxinas em solo com cana-de-açúcar

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização de isolados de Bacillus thuringiensis patogênicos à Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Reinações na Jecatatuásia: aspectos estético-sociológicos da arte segundo Monteiro Lobato

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

Uma chave para A chave do Tamanho, de Monteiro Lobato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do potencial probiótico de bactérias acidoláticas produtoras de substância antimicrobiana isoladas de mussarela de búfala

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia - IBILCE