Aspectos envolvendo as atitudes negativas de alunos com rela����o �� matem��tica no primeiro ciclo do ensino fundamental

A matem��tica �� vista pela maioria das pessoas como a disciplina escolar mais dif��cil. Muitas pessoas a v��em, desde muito cedo, como um ���bicho de sete cabe��as���, e pais e alguns professores, muitas vezes, colaboram com essa situa����o. Considerando que muitas investiga����es envolvendo as atitudes dos alunos em rela����o �� matem��tica j�� foram realizadas na ��rea da Educa����o Matem��tica, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi sistematizar os principais resultados nelas apresentados. As atitudes negativas dos alunos em rela����o �� matem��tica est��o associadas a quais aspectos? Esta ser�� a quest��o norteadora da investiga����o. Mais especificamente, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa bibliogr��fica sobre as atitudes dos alunos do primeiro ciclo do Ensino Fundamental em rela����o �� matem��tica. A partir dela, elencamos e analisamos, em oito pesquisas selecionadas, motivos que podem estar associados ��s atitudes negativas dos alunos em rela����o �� matem��tica. Para tanto, utilizamos o banco de teses e disserta����es da Capes, bem como outros trabalhos recentes como fontes de investiga����o.. Parte significativa dos estudos refor��a a rela����o entre as atitudes dos alunos frente �� Matem��tica e os aspectos envolvidos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dessa disciplina e todos eles apontam o papel do professor como principal respons��vel pelas atitudes positivas e/ou negativas apresentadas pelos alunos com rela����o �� matem��tica, ainda que a fam��lia tamb��m tenha sido citada como relevante no processo

Pluralidade cultural e educa����o f��sica: elabora����o de material did��tico

In 1997, the National Curriculum Parameters (BRASIL, 1997a) proposed the incorporation of the Transversal Themes in all of the knowledge areas. Specifically in the School Physical Education, the teacher working with transversality must stabilish bridges between the body culture practice with these themes. Promote this relationship is not a simple task and there are many problems that stuck the advance of this propose. So, thinking about making didactical formulat teaching stragies and think about the development of their practice. Another challenge is considerate as a beginning in the pedagogic activity the student���s knowledge and experience, as listening during the process of knowledge construction. In this way, the aim of this research is investigate the 8th and 9th grade of the primary school students conception about Cultural Plurality. After this, using the information taken gron the students, we are going to present subisidies to make a textbook, for the teachers and for students, with Physical Education activities possibilies with this Transversal Theme. Keeping in mind the aim of this research, we used the semi-structed interview as a instrument of data collection. The interview was made with 30 students of the 8th and 9th grade the primary school from two statual schools of Rio Claro city. The procediments were executed following the ethics comite requirements. In other to associate the Cultural Plurality with Physical Education, dance and physical adventure activities contents were selected. The results showed that the students know few thinks about this Transversal Themes, because they had apoor knowledge, according to National Curriculum Parameters. In scholar environment and Physical Education classes, there are many cases of prejudice and discrimination, mostly by the leack of ability. Nonetheless, most of the students are able to...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Influ��ncias do Projeto Baja SAE no ensino da engenharia e no desenvolvimento do aluno

This work aims to show the importance of Baja SAE Project in engineering education, as well as the development of the student, being an outstanding tool for the engineering student has an education that meets the objectives of the pedagogical university and also the guidelines Ministry of Education curriculum for engineering courses. The Baja SAE Project provides the engineering students the chance to apply in practice the knowledge acquired in the classroom, to enhance their preparation for the labor market. The student becomes involved with a real case of project development, from concept design, detailed design and construction. The Baja SAE Project redefines the position of the student as an active element in the learning process engineering, leaving behind the simple condition of receiving information. Values procedures that provide students the opportunity to learn in contexts of professional practice, while offering the opportunity to contextualize the execution of a project. From an analysis to develop personal skills, Baja SAE Project has its own characteristics and essential for professional practice, however, not specific to the engineering course. For example, capacity for teamwork, communication skills written and oral, ethical behavior, critical, overview, entrepreneurial spirit, leadership, etc

Um levantamento bibliogr��fico no per��odo de 2008-2013 sobre a alfabetiza����o cient��fica nas s��ries iniciais para o ensino de f��sica

This study aimed to review the publications in the area of Education Physics that has contributed to Scientific Literacy and STS - Science , Technology and Society , with students of elementary school in Basic Education , looking for understand the importance of an education that aims the formation of critical citizens, in opposition to passive recipients of technological influences of a modern society , but which are able to understand and reflect the importance and influence of science and technology in political, social and environmental to society . In this context , the Physics, is one of the areas of natural sciences with direct implications in daily life , we believe in the importance of introducing physical concepts in science education since the early years of basic education , either as a approach playful , experiment, study of books , magazines , papers , etc. . , so that the knowledge about physics can be built through experience and the analysis of daily phenomena, instead of only being addressed in the last three years of teaching average basic education

Organiza����o curricular e novas tecnologias de ensino do atletismo na escola

Introdu����o: Atualmente a Educa����o F��sica Escolar vem passando por grandes mudan��as como, por exemplo, a implementa����o de uma proposta curricular para as escolas da rede estadual de ensino. No entanto, a falta conhecimentos sob os temas abordados, faz com que os professores trabalhem apenas conte��dos que apresentam um maior dom��nio o que torna, muitas vezes, as aulas de Educa����o F��sica em aulas exclusivamente de esportes coletivos (futsal, basquetebol, voleibol e handebol), deixando de lado outros componentes da cultura corporal. Diante disso, esse trabalho prop��e apresentar algumas possibilidades para o atletismo na escola, de modo a buscar a responder as seguintes quest��es. O que os alunos devem saber sobre o atletismo na escola? Quais valores o atletismo pode acrescentar para estes alunos? O que os alunos devem saber fazer do atletismo? Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi apresentar uma proposta curricular de atletismo para as aulas de Educa����o F��sica na escola do 6��, 7��, 8�� e 9�� ano do Ensino Fundamental (3�� ciclo). Essas informa����es foram extra��das de entrevistas realizadas com professores especialistas em Atletismo e Educa����o F��sica escolar. Al��m disso, buscou-se construir um v��deo did��tico, para o 6��ano, sobre a apresenta����o das provas do atletismo. Metodologia: A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada para este estudo foi do tipo qualitativa e descritiva, pois consistiu na entrevista com docentes especialistas em Educa����o F��sica escolar e/ou Atletismo, e na elabora����o de material did��tico e audiovisual. Conclus��o: Todos os entrevistados bem como as propostas curriculares, enfatizaram a import��ncia se reconhecer todas as provas do Atletismo

A dan��a como mediadora na forma����o da crian��a

This paper analyzes the dance, considered the oldest of the Arts, inserted in Art and Education. When you talk about dance as art, sought to articulate dance, body movement and music, because all these aspects are crucial when it comes to education in dance. Thus, this paper, by analyzing the meaning of dance over time, also made a parallel with the evolution of the concept of body that, throughout history, became the focus of sin, to currently be seen in optical freedom and autonomy, looking up from childhood, the formation of body awareness and embodiment, as a basis for identity and the formation of a positive self-image. In describing the evolution of dance, between different societies, it was shown that the tool is the dancer's own body and that for its use, it is necessary to look at its interior, human vitality, musicality and sensitivity. Proved that dance since the beginning, has been seen as a medium body, as well as desires and deepest sorrows of humanity, linked to religion, ritual or ceremonial, reaching today the freest expression of body, in modern dance. Given these considerations, based on theoretical frameworks, emphasized the importance of dance in middle school, focusing on their educational role and liberating, showing that it must be used as a tool for teaching and learning, and the development of children , given its interdisciplinary character, this Crosscutting Themes in elementary school and early childhood education curriculum benchmark. The paper concludes that, despite legislation and official documents require training for dance in the school curriculum, very little is done in this direction, which shows that there is still a choice of schools, the immobility of the pupils

Considera����es sobre a presen��a e caracter��sticas do tema ��gua nas Propostas Curriculares para o ensino de Qu��mica/2009, do Estado de S��o Paulo

This study sought to raise the water issue is addressed in the teaching of chemistry in public schools through the notebooks Curricular Proposal of the State of Sao Paulo. First we tried to do a survey of knowledge related to construction of the concept of historical perspective, the physical and chemical properties, their importance to man and the particulars of the national curriculum for this subject. The methodology used was qualitative, descriptive and documentary. We analyzed the books for the first, second and third marking periods and the three series (the 4th book had not yet been distributed). As expected the first scenario, the proposed curriculum addresses the topic in greater depth in only one of the notebooks of the second year of high school. The approaches are no longer linked to health issues and the environment, cross-cutting issues considered by the NCP and important for students to make associations between the chemical content and their daily lives. We conclude that the contract should be evaluated by teachers and that their use should be involved in drawing up a plan that takes into account the aspects that seem incomplete. We also emphasize that although the proposal is interesting from the standpoint of teaching, teachers need training to its full use in the classroom

Um estudo sobre as intera����es discursivas numa aula experimental de F��sica

This is a study on importance the discourse of the teacher associated with social interactions triggered in classroom from of an experimental activity. We will analyzed a trial class in which a physics teacher of a public school Guaratinguet�� city interacted with their student, seeking to categorize certain movements of the teacher's speech and identify the moments when this could establish the definition of the situation, mediation semiotic and intersubjectivity

As poss��veis rela����es entre moralidade e perd��o em crian��as do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental

This research aims to show how children can learn the meaning of forgiveness in order to build their autonomy and moral . Research is essential to support teachers to work morale within the classroom with their students , so that conflicts a re minimized or even eliminated . Through Piagetian clinical method was observed and interviewed students from the first year of elementary school , trying to identify those who can take a perspective other than you r own . All this in order to inve stigate the possibility of these becoming autonomous and can measure th e consequences of their actions . To develop the moral and intellectual autonomy of the students , Piaget (1994 ) shows the importance of children to act properly by choice , not by pres sure punishments or rewards , and that they have the correct answers , not because someone showed you , but because found . Through research , we found that students are able to forgive, but often requiring that the colleague is also punished in some way. Fo r in fact the children act autonomously it is necessary that the school provides situations where they can experience the cooperation , reciprocity, mutual respect , and thus gradually build their autonomy

Estudo de sistemas com din��mica pouco suave: brinquedos envolvendo este tipo de modelo

This work aims to study the movement periodically interrupted realized by four handmade toys. Such movement can be studied by nonlinear dynamics, but this topic is not covered in the general undergraduate courses in Physics. The study presented aim to observe, search, identify and measure physical quantities characteristic of toys according to the information provided by the dynamic, in this case, the formalism of moment of forces and energy. It also allows an approach to non-formal education in physics, since the measures and instruments differ from formal laboratory approach. These toys are unknown examples of simple machines studied in Mechanics and allow to illustrate passive walkers in Robotics

O esporte como ferramenta pedag��gica na escola

O ensino de esportes vem sendo reformulado e transformado mundialmente para que novas possibilidades de inclus��o atrav��s da pr��tica de esportes sejam evolu��das. No Brasil, h�� algum tempo cientistas do esporte e pedagogos da Educa����o F��sica t��m colaborado nesse tema, estando em contato direto com as novas abordagens cient��ficas de ensino. Esse estudo tem por objetivo buscar entender as rela����es entre esporte e sociedade, e de que maneira o estudo dessas rela����es podem contribuir para uma mudan��a da pedagogia da Educa����o F��sica Escolar. Para isso foi feito uma revis��o bibliogr��fica dos principais temas e autores relevantes para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa.

A utiliza����o de s��lidos geom��tricos com alunos do ensino fundamental

This research analyzed if the interactions between teacher and student, and among students, with the use of manipulative materials in the Mathematics teaching in a middle school class and provided the comprehension of the subjects worked. The analysis of the results was based in Vygotsky���s socio-historical theory, that prioritizes the interactions in learning-teaching process. The results of this research showed that these interactions mediated by the use of such materials provide the student with the motivation needed to take part in the math classes as an active actor in his development process, as well as understanding the concepts

O desenvolvimento de habilidades argumentativas no ensino m��dio: perspectiva a partir de um minicurso investigativo com base na hist��ria da ci��ncia

The performance of investigative activities with lessons in teaching Science and Chemistry has promoted meaningful learning of scientific knowledge. This study aimed to develop the links between higher education for research and skills argumentative, aimed at building the scientific concept on combustion of the candle in a closed container, for students from two classes of 3rd year of high school, two city schools Bauru, S��o Paulo. We decided to do a short course investigative, to respond argumentative skills which are developed during the minicourse using investigative activities, knowledge from the history and philosophy of science. The results were gathered from analysis of video recordings of episodes of the short course in both the groups, to produce a higher rate of use of argumentative skill, which were classified into categories according to the prior knowledge of the subject, 'factual knowledge' , 'understanding of concepts' and 'reasoning and analysis.' From the information obtained, it was found that both the teachers and the students were consistent in their actions, and that the activity of reasoning is key to learning. Thus, one can realize that knowledge is not acquired all at the same time, each individual depends on the mediation of the teacher in order to reach different design more appropriate teaching and investigative linked with the argument can be the key tool to acquire this knowledge

A no����o de campo el��trico: reflex��es de uma futura professora sobre o processo de ensino

This work offers an overview about didactic reflections in the introduction of the electrical field concept in Physics Teaching activities aimed to the High School by means of a teaching methodology based in a low cost experiment (FERREIRA E RAMOS, 2008). We analyzed the particular use of an experiment named electrostatic vector and its use in the teaching of the line force ideas, proposed by Faraday in 19th century. In the frame of this work we analyzed how this unconventional approach differs of the methodology generally presented in the didactic textbooks. We discussed that the use of low cost experiments, will not cause the student to learn, but the work of the teacher, offering an interaction between the student and the electrostatic vector, play an important role in the classroom