Activités professionnelles et qualité de l'air des parcs de stationnement couvert : rapport d'expertise collective

[Table des matières] 1. Contexte, objet et modalités de traitement de la saisine. - 2. Préambule. - 3. Caractérisation des parcs de stationnement couverts et de leurs activités professionnelles en France (enquête Afsset). - 4. Observations de terrain et analyse d'activités professionnelles exercées dans les parcs de stationnement couverts (étude Anact). - 5. Evaluation des risques sanitaires. - 6. Recommandations. - Bibliographie. - Annexe 1 : Lettre de saisine. - Annexe 2 : Présentation des positions divergentes. - Annexe 3 : Synthèse des déclarations publiques d'intérêts des experts par rapport au champ de la saisine. - Annexe 4 : Réglementation et recommandations institutionnelles concernant la qualité de l'air dans les parcs de stationnement couverts, et l'hygiène et la sécurité des travailleurs. - Annexe 5 : Etude de coparly sur la mesure de polluants atmosphériques dans les parcs de stationnement - Informations générales. - Annexe 6 : Dépassement des valeurs cibles Afsset" limitant les risques pour la santé des travailleurs dans les parcs de stationnement (Coparly, 2009). - Annexe 7 : Enquête Asset - Méthode d'identification du code NAF le plus adapté. - Annexe 8 : Enquête Afsset - Questionnaire d'enquête. - Annexe 9 : Enquête Afsset - Villes d'implantation des parcs inclus dans l'étude. - Annexe 10 : Rapport de l'Anact : Activité professionnelle et qualité de l'air dans les parcs couverts de stationnement. - Annexe 11 : Résultats de mesures de la campagne du LCPP utilisés pour les scénarios d'exposition. - Annexe 12 : Résultats issus de l'enquête Afsset sur les activités professionnelles exercées dans les parcs de stationnement couverts. - Annexe 13 : Concentrations ubiquitaires dans différents "micro-environnements" (Afsset, 2007). - Annexe 14 : Facteurs d'abattement entre concentrations dans le local d'exploitation et dans le parc. - Annexe 15 : Limites des valeurs toxicologiques de référence (Afsset, 2007). - Annexe 16 : Exemples de solutions pour améliorer la qualité de l'air et réduire l'exposition des travailleurs.

Factors Affecting the Financial Success of Motion Pictures: What is the Role of Star Power?

In the mid-1940s, American film industry was on its way up to its golden era as studios started mass-producing iconic feature films. The escalating increase in popularity of Hollywood stars was actively suggested for its direct links to box office success by academics. Using data collected in 2007, this paper carries out an empirical investigation on how different factors, including star power, affect the revenue of ‘home-run’ movies in Hollywood. Due to the subjective nature of star power, two different approaches were used: (1) number of nominations and wins of Academy Awards by the key players, and (2) average lifetime gross revenue of films involving the key players preceding the sample year. It is found that number of Academy awards nominations and wins was not statistically significant in generating box office revenue, whereas star power based on the second approach was statistically significant. Other significant factors were critics’ reviews, screen coverage and top distributor, while number of Academy awards, MPAA-rating, seasonality, being a sequel and popular genre were not statistically significant.

Water scarcity, social power and the production of an elite suburb: the political ecology of water in Matadepera, Catalonia

This article investigates the history of land and water transformations in Matadepera, a wealthy suburb of metropolitan Barcelona. Analysis is informed by theories of political ecology and methods of environmental history; although very relevant, these have received relatively little attention within ecological economics. Empirical material includes communications from the City Archives of Matadepera (1919-1979), 17 interviews with locals born between 1913 and 1958, and an exhaustive review of grey historical literature. Existing water histories of Barcelona and its outskirts portray a battle against natural water scarcity, hard won by heroic engineers and politicians acting for the good of the community. Our research in Matadepera tells a very different story. We reveal the production of a highly uneven landscape and waterscape through fierce political and power struggles. The evolution of Matadepera from a small rural village to an elite suburb was anything but spontaneous or peaceful. It was a socio-environmental project well intended by landowning elites and heavily fought by others. The struggle for the control of water went hand in hand with the land and political struggles that culminated – and were violently resolved - in the Spanish Civil War. The displacement of the economic and environmental costs of water use from few to many continues to this day and is constitutive of Matadepera’s uneven and unsustainable landscape. By unravelling the relations of power that are inscribed in the urbanization of nature (Swyngedouw, 2004), we question the perceived wisdoms of contemporary water policy debates, particularly the notion of a natural scarcity that merits a technical or economic response. We argue that the water question is fundamentally a political question of environmental justice; it is about negotiating alternative visions of the future and deciding whose visions will be produced.

Weak-type estimates for Haar shift operators: Sharp power on the A(p) characteristic

"Vegeu el resum a l'inici del document del fitxer adjunt."

Exposition au fumage involontaire dans l'air intérieur des locaux. Problèmes liés aux mesures de l'exposition à la fumée de tabac

A brief and critical review of the physical and chemical markers of ETS was made as well as the techniques which were used to measure their concentrations in indoor air. Despite the existing data, more investigations and measurements are needed to characterize the exposure to ETS and their health effects.

L'exégèse et l'air du temps

La théologie est-elle une science ? Ce débat n'est pas nouveau, et il accompagne les différentes disciplines de la théologie au moins depuis le siècle des Lumières. Dans la discussion actuelle, par exemple entre théologie et sciences religieuses, les disciplines théologiques qui apparaissent souvent comme les plus "scientifiques" sont les sciences bibliques et l'histoire du christianisme. Il ne fait à mon avis aucun doute qu'il s'agit là des disciplines qui posent le moins problème pour une position qu'on pourrait qualifier de "laïque". Et cependant, ce serait un leurre de croire que ces méthodes sont exemptes de présuppositions théologiques ou idéologiques. Je n'ai pas l'intention d'entrer ici dans le débat sur le problème de l'objectivité de la science, faute de temps et de compétence. J'aimerais plus modestement montrer, à partir de l'exégèse de la Bible hébraïque, l'interconnexion - pas toujours consciente - entre certains modèles exégétiques et les options idéologiques des savants qui défendent ou promeuvent ces modèles.

Systemic modulation of peripheral eosinophilia (air pouch model) in Schistosoma mansoni infection

Schistosoma mansoni infection induces in their hosts a marked and sustained eosinophilia, which is influenced or modulated by complex mechanisms, that vary according to the phase of infection. To address this phenomenon, we used the air pouch (AP) model in control and infected Swiss webster mice, analyzing the cellular, tissue response and local expression of adhesion molecules [CD18 (beta 2-chain), CD44, ICAM-1 (CD54), L-selectin (CD62L), CD49d (alpha 4-chain), LFA1 (CD11a)]. Infected animals were studied at 3 (pre-oviposition phase), 7 (acute phase), and 14 (chronic phase) weeks after infection (5-6 mice/period of infection). Normal mice were age-matched. Results showed that after egg stimulation, compared with matched controls, the infected mice, at each point of infection, showed a lower eosinophil response in the acute (7 weeks) and chronic phase (14 weeks) of infection. However, when the infected mice were in pre-oviposition phase (3 weeks) their eosinophil response surpassed the control ones. In the AP wall of infected mice, a significant decrease in the expression of ICAM-1 and CD44 in fibroblastic-like cells and a reduction in the number of CD18 and CD11a in migratory cells were observed. The other adhesion molecules were negative or weakly expressed. The results indicated that in the air pouch model, in S. mansoni-infected mice: (1) eosinophil response is strikingly down-regulated, during the acute ovular phase; (2) in the pre-oviposition phase, in contrast, it occurs an up-regulatory modulation of eosinophil response, in which the mechanisms are completely unknown; (3) in the chronic phase of the infection, the down modulation of eosinophil response is less pronounced; 4) Down-regulation of adhesion molecules, specially of ICAM-1 appear to be associated with the lower eosinophil response.