Efeito da adição de fibras da palma do licuri (syagrus coronata) no comportamento físico e mecânico de compósitos de matriz cimentícia

This research was motivated by the requirement of asbestos s replacement in building systems and the need to generate jobs and income in the country side of the state of Bahia, Brazil. The project aimed at using fibers from licuri leaves (syagrus coronata), an abundant palm in the region, to produce composites appropriate for the sustainable production of cement fibre reinforced products in small plants. The composites were produced in laboratory using Portland cement CP-II-F32, sand, water, licuri palm fiber contents of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% by weight of binder (two different fiber length) and metakaolin. The latter was chosen as an additional binder for its efficiency to reduce the alkalinity of cementitious matrixes therefore preventing the degradation of vegetable fibers. The characterization of the composite components was carried out by sieving and laser particle size analyses, thermal analysis, fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. The composites performance was evaluated by 3- point-bending tests, compressive strength, ultrasound module of elasticity, free and restrained shrinkage, water capillarity absorption and apparent specific gravity. It has been found that the addition of fibers increased the time to onset of cracking over 200.00% and a 25% reduction in cracks opening in the restrained shrinkage test. The capillary absorption reduced about 25% when compared to fiber-free composites. It was also observed with regard to flexural strength, compressive strength and specific gravity, that the addiction of fibers did not affect the composite performance presenting similar results for compounds with and without fibers. In general it can be stated that the reinforced composite fibers of palm licuri presents physical and mechanical characteristics which enable them to be used in the intended proposals of this research

Fault Line

FAULT LINE examines the fragile humanity connected to the themes of sexuality, violence, addiction, family dynamics, and death. The book is not broken into sections; rather, as poems build upon one another to explore a narrative arc, FAULT LINE tracks a single speaker’s experience from girlhood to the verge of independent womanhood. The speaker employs formal structures such as the prose poem, sestina, and particularly the list poem to examine the fluidity of inner experience and also the culture at large while challenging the narrow definitions of femininity and masculinity. FAULT LINE works to not only address the question of blame but also the literal breaks in lines of poetry. By looking at a single speaker’s struggle, the book, like life, is both humorous and horrifying.

The Influence of Neurocognitive Impairment, Alcohol and other Drug (AOD) Use, and Psychosocial Factors on Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence, Service Utilization and Viral Load Among HIV-Seropositive Adults

Among people living with HIV (PLWH), adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) can be affected by problems of neurocognitive (NC) impairment, stress, alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse, and other barriers. The aims of this research were to: (1) examine factors associated with NC impairment, (2) explore relationships between psychosocial variables with ART adherence and viral load (VL), and (3) evaluate the efficacy of an evidence-based intervention in improving ART adherence, increasing service utilization, and decreasing VL. The first study (n=370) was cross sectional and used structural equation modeling to test whether AOD use, years living with HIV, and time from HIV diagnosis to seeking care were associated with poorer NC functioning. The second study (n=246) used similar methods to test the hypothesis that stress, barriers to adherence, NC impairment, poor social support, and AOD use were related to lower VL mediated by ART adherence. The third study (n=243) evaluated an evidence-based, eight-session program to improve ART adherence, reduce VL, and increase service utilization in a randomized controlled trial. Study participants were PLWH living in South Florida, 18 to 60 years old, with a history of alcohol abuse enrolled from January 2009 through November 2012. Secondary analysis of available data showed: (1) scores on interference with executive functioning increased by 0.32 for each day of marijuana use and 1.18 for each year living with HIV, but no association was found between alcohol use and NC functioning; (2) each barrier to adherence was associated with a 10% decrease in adherence to ART and a 0.42 unit increase in VL (log10) and the relationship between barriers and VL was partially mediated by ART adherence; (3) participants in the evidence-based program were more likely than the comparison group to report an undetectable VL (OR=2.25, p Psychosocial factors affect VL, but ART adherence is essential in achieving an undetectable VL in PLWH.

Meandros psicológicos das dependências – O jogo patológico

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.

Gambling and violence in a nationally representative sample of UK men

The relationship between violence and problem gambling in general population samples is under-researched and requires further attention to inform treatment and prevention efforts. We investigated the relationship between gambling problems and violence among men and sought to determine if the link can be accounted for by mental disorders, alcohol and drug dependence and impulsivity.

O uso excessivo da Internet e a sua relação com Sintomatologia Psicopatológica

O uso excessivo da internet tem vindo a ser estudado por vários países estrangeiros desde a década de noventa. Apesar do crescente interesse neste ramo de investigação, em Portugal esta área continua pouco desenvolvida. O presente estudo procurou testar a existência de associações entre o uso excessivo da internet e a sintomatologia psicopatológica, bem como avaliar as relações entre a utilização excessiva da internet e os dados sociodemográficos recolhidos. Participaram neste estudo um total de 549 indivíduos portugueses (151 homens e 398 mulheres), com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 65 anos (X̅ = 27.0), onde foi preenchida a versão portuguesa do Internet Addiction Test (Young, 1998); o Brief Sympton Inventory (Canavarro, 1999); e o questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados revelaram que a utilização excessiva da internet encontra-se associada positivamente não só a sintomas psicopatológicos, mas também a fatores sociodemográficos como o sexo do participante, o estado civil, a idade e as habilitações literárias. Deste modo, foi referida a importância da prevenção e da intervenção precoce da utilização excessiva da internet na população jovem. Também é essencial alargar o campo de investigação a este novo fenómeno mundial.

Handläggning av tvångsvård : Socialsekreterares erfarenheter och upplevelser av att handlägga LVM ärenden

När en socialsekreterare ska handlägga ärenden enligt Lag om Vård av Missbrukare i vissa fall (LVM) behöver denne ta ställning utifrån många olika perspektiv. Syftet med denna studie är att ge kunskap om hur socialsekreterare upplever handläggning av LVM-ärenden samt vilka erfarenheter de har av en sådan process. Undersökningens material grundar sig på kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex socialsekreterare som alla har arbetat med LVM-handläggning. För att kunna tolka och analysera materialet användes gräsrotsbyråkrati, makt, etik i socialt arbete och handlingsutrymme som teoretisk referensram. Resultatet indikerar att socialsekreterarna upplever både för- och nackdelar i arbetet med lagstiftningen. De upplever handläggningen av LVM-ärenden likt ett dilemma. Socialsekreterarna anser att lagen är nödvändig då de i avsaknad av den skulle känna en stor maktlöshet av att inte kunna ingripa i allvarliga situationer där klienten riskerar att avlida eller skada sig själv och andra till följd av sitt missbruk. De anser även att tillämpningen av lagen medför inskränkningar i den enskilda klientens integritet och att klienten i mötet med socialtjänsten riskerar att bli kränkt utan noga eftertanke från socialsekreterarens sida. Resultatet visar även på att socialsekreterarna så långt som det är möjligt respekterar klientens autonomi men att autonomin vid fråga om liv och död måste förbises. 

Successes in South Carolina : S.C. Smoking Prevention and Cessation Program

This monthly update describes different aspects of smoking cessation and prevention programs in South Carolina. It gives statistics and results of the various programs such as investment of cigarette tax funds offered in South Carolina.

The big issue

This quarterly publication from the South Carolina Department of Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Services covers news of events and legislation pertaining to addiction of alcohol and drugs. Information about the agency is sometimes included.

Uso de dexmedetomidina como tratamiento coadyuvante de síndrome de abstinencia alcohólica: revisión sistemática

El objetivo de este estudio es establecer si la dexmedetomidina (DEX) es segura y efectiva para el manejo coadyuvante de síndrome de abstinencia a alcohol (SAA) a través de la búsqueda de evidencia científica. Metodología: se realiza una revisión sistemática de literatura publicada y no publicada desde enero de 1989 hasta febrero 2016 en PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Bireme, Cochrane library y en otras bases de datos y portales. Los criterios de inclusión fueron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y no aleatorizados, estudios cuasi-experimentales, estudios de cohorte, y estudios de casos y controles; que incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años hospitalizados con diagnóstico de SAA y donde se usó DEX como terapia coadyuvante. Resultados: 7 estudios, 477 pacientes, se incluyeron en el análisis final. Se encontraron dos ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, tres estudios de casos y controles y dos estudios de cohorte retrospectivo. Solo uno de los estudios fue doble ciego y utilizó placebo como comparador. Análisis y conclusiones: en los estudios experimentales se determinan que el uso de DEX como terapia coadyuvante en el manejo de SAA tiene significancia clínica y estadística para disminuir dosis de BZD en las primeras 24 horas de tratamiento; pero no demostraron tener otros beneficios clínicos. En los estudios no aleatorizados existe consenso que relaciona el uso de DEX con menores dosis de BZD de forma temprana. Recomendaciones: no se recomienda el uso de DEX en SAA de forma rutinaria. Se recomienda usar DEX solo en casos en el que exista evidencia fallo terapéutico a BZD.

El papel de la OEA en el establecimiento de los tribunales de tratamiento de drogas en Estados Unidos como mecanismo de reducción del daño (1989-2013)

La reducción de la demanda, específicamente por medios alternativos al sistema penal tradicional, ha sido uno de los componentes más discutidos en los análisis que abordan la lucha contra las drogas. Este artículo se propone determinar el papel de la Organización de Estados Americanos en el establecimiento de los Tribunales de Tratamiento de Drogas en Estados Unidos como mecanismo de reducción del daño en el periodo comprendido entre 1989 y 2013. Se sugiere que la organización internacional, a través de la CICAD, ha jugado un papel de promoción, y evaluación de los Tribunales de Tratamiento de Drogas en Estados Unidos, generando presión entre sus Estados miembro, dada la necesidad de instaurar alternativas legales de reducción del daño. Sin embargo, se presentan deficiencias en los mecanismos de evaluación, ya que las indicaciones realizadas no tienen un carácter obligatorio y por tanto las determinaciones de la CICAD no necesariamente son adoptadas.

Adicción al trabajo en el contexto Colombiano

Este estudio aborda el fenómeno de la Adicción al trabajo (AT) en el contexto de los sistemas de producción y de los escenarios del trabajo en Colombia como un país de economía emergente, donde el trabajo hace parte esencial de la cultura, es considerado un valor central de la sociedad y un medio para alcanzar la movilidad social y reducir las desventajas sociales propias de este tipo de economías. De modo que, el trabajo es esencial y determinante en la calidad de vida de las personas por su implicación física, psicológica, emocional y social (Polo, Briñez, Navarro, & Alí, 2016). De esta manera la AT extiende su impacto a la vida privada y familiar, por ello se profundiza en la comprensión de este fenómeno en el marco especifico de economías en donde la intensificación de tareas es un recurso clave para garantizar la eficiencia competitiva de las empresas y en el marco legal Colombiano.

Aproximaciones a mindfulness en la psicología contemporánea

Este trabajo es una revisión de literatura que abarca una selección de artículos disponibles en bases de datos especializadas y publicados en el periodo comprendido entre los años 2006 a 2016 para artículos científicos y entre los años 2000 a 2016 para libros. En total se revisaron: 1 tesis doctoral, 1 tesis magistral, 111 artículos y 9 libros o capítulos de libros. Se presentan diversas definiciones de mindfulness y formas de conceptualizarla, sus mecanismos de acción, sus enfoques psicoterapéuticos predominantes, los efectos de su práctica estable, sus principales campos de acción y la importancia de la formación de los docentes que imparten la práctica. Finalmente se presentan algunas conclusiones acerca del diálogo entre la literatura psicológica sobre mindfulness y algunas de las concepciones de la tradición budista en torno a la meditación.

Integrating Life-Design Counseling and Psychotherapy: Possibilities and Practices

The relationship between career counseling and psychotherapy is not a new subject. The debate allows the affirmation of career counseling as a dimension of personal counseling and recognizes the close relationship between psychosocial and career issues (Blustein & Spengler, 1995). The connection between these two approaches paves the way for the integration of career counseling with psychotherapy. Indeed, the inseparability of mental health and career issues frequently leads psychotherapists to help their clients to deal with work satisfaction, underemployment or unemployment through psychotherapy. Moreover, when working with specific populations (e.g., people with intellectual disabilities and people with addiction or mental health problems), psychotherapy calls for occupational integration to consolidate and enhance therapeutic gains (Blustein, 1987; Jordan & Kahnweiler, 1995; Leff & Warner, 2006).

A adicção à internet em jovens universitários: Estudo comparativo com estudantes portugueses e espanhóis

Esta investigação trata-se de um estudo com a população universitária Portuguesa e Espanhola sobre padrões de uso/abuso da Internet, assim como os recursos específicos mais usados. Foi usada uma amostra aleatória de 206 sujeitos, da Universidade Autónoma de Madrid e do Campus Universitário de Lisboa, de diferentes licenciaturas, de ambos os sexos e com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 40 anos. O instrumento usado foi um questionário adaptado do Internet Addiction Test, de Young (1998). As principais conclusões sugerem que, no que se refere ao tempo de conexão verificámos que a maior percentagem da amostra (46,1%) realiza um uso moderado da Internet (menos de 2 horas diárias) mas 36,9% podem já apresentar alguns indícios de adicção ao estarem de 2 a 5 horas diárias conectados à Internet. Na avaliação dos parâmetros do uso dos recursos específicos da Internet, podemos encontrar que a Web é o serviço mais procurado seguindo-se o e-mail (com 62,1% e 57,3% respectivamente). Encontrámos ainda que 16,5% da amostra apresenta valores representativos de adicção. /ABSTRACT: This research comes from a study with the Portuguese and Spanish university population on patterns of use I abuse of the Internet, as well as the specific resources used most. We used a random sample of 206 subjects, the Autonomous University of Madrid and the University Campus of Lisbon, in different degrees of both sexes and aged between 18 and 40 years. The instrument used was a questionnaire adapted from the Internet Addiction Test, Young (1998). The main findings suggest that with regard to the connection time found that the largest percentage of the sample (46.1%) carries a moderate use of the Internet (less than 2 hours) but 36.9% can introduce some evidence addiction are at one of the 2 to 5 hours a day connected to the Internet. ln assessing the parameters of the use of specific resources of the Internet, we find that the Web service is the most sought followed by email (with 62.1% and 57.3% respectively). We found also that 16.5% of the sample shows values representative of addiction.