Papillary cystoadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin-like) of minor salivary glands

Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum is a benign salivary gland tumor most frequently located in the parotid gland (Warthin"s tumor). Its presentation in other major, or in minor, salivary glands is rare. Clinically, it manifests as a slow growing tumor, fluctuant on palpation due to its cystic morphology. The treatment of choice is complete excision with wide tumor-free margins. We present a 73-year-old female patient with an asymptomatic tumor of 8 years evolution in the right posterior area of the hard palate. We performed surgical excision and a biopsy, which was reported as papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum. During the post-operative examination carried out after 3 weeks, it was observed that the lesion had recurred. The lesion was re-operated, performing the excision with CO2 laser and including the periosteum to ensure complete resection of the tumor. At 10 months follow-up, there was no recurrence of the lesion. This article includes a review of this condition and discusses its most important clinical and pathologic features and therapeutic approaches.

L'alimentació humana del Paleolític Superior al Neolític. Canvis i efectes de la Revolució Neolítica en la salut

Dieta Flash, Dieta Dukan, Dieta Mediterrània, Dieta Vegetariana o Dieta Paleolítica són només alguns exemples de les setanta-dos diferents dietes que es practiquen en l’actualitat (Dukan, 2011). Tanmateix, tot i convergir a l’hora d’autoproclamer-se com a baluard d’una “forma de vida sana” que portarà als seus seguidors a la “felicitat” i a evitar les anomenades “malalties de la civilització”1 (Milton, 2000; Cordain, 2011; Pérez, 2012; Campos, 2012), alhora, el tret comú de totes aquestes dietes és la manca de quòrum –àdhuc posicions antagòniques− en llur concepció del que hauria de ser una “dieta sana”.

Depression-like behavior is dependent on age in male SAMP8 mice

Aging is associated with an increased risk of depression in humans. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of depression and its dependence on aging, here we study signs of depression in male SAMP8 mice. For this purpose, we used the forced swimming test (FST). The total floating time in the FST was greater in SAMP8 than in SAMR1 mice at 9 months of age; however, this difference was not observed in 12-month-old mice, when both strains are considered elderly. Of the two strains, only the SAMP8 animals responded to imipramine treatment. We also applied the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and studied changes in the dopamine and serotonin (5-HT) uptake systems, the 5-HT2a/2c receptor density in the cortex, and levels of TPH2. The DST showed a significant difference between SAMR1 and SAMP8 mice at old age. SAMP8 exhibits an increase in 5-HT transporter density, with slight changes in 5-HT2a/2c receptor density. In conclusion, SAMP8 mice presented depression-like behavior that is dependent on senescence process, because it differs from SAMR1, senescence resistant strain.

Dietary resveratrol prevents alzheimer's markers and increases life span in SAMP8

Resveratrol is a polyphenol that is mainly found in grapes and red wine and has been reported to be a caloric restriction (CR) mimetic driven by Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activation. Resveratrol increases metabolic rate, insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial biogenesis and physical endurance, and reduces fat accumulation in mice. In addition, resveratrol may be a powerful agent to prevent age-associated neurodegeneration and to improve cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Moreover, different findings support the view that longevity in mice could be promoted by CR. In this study, we examined the role of dietary resveratrol in SAMP8 mice, a model of age-related AD. We found that resveratrol supplements increased mean life expectancy and maximal life span in SAMP8 and in their control, the related strain SAMR1. In addition, we examined the resveratrol-mediated neuroprotective effects on several specific hallmarks of AD. We found that long-term dietary resveratrol activates AMPK pathways and pro-survival routes such as SIRT1 in vivo. It also reduces cognitive impairment and has a neuroprotective role, decreasing the amyloid burden and reducing tau hyperphosphorylation.

Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background Although we know that exacerbations are key events in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), our understanding of their frequency, determinants, and effects is incomplete. In a large observational cohort, we tested the hypothesis that there is a frequent-exacerbation phenotype of COPD that is independent of disease severity. Methods We analyzed the frequency and associations of exacerbation in 2138 patients enrolled in the Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End points (ECLIPSE) study. Exacerbations were defined as events that led a care provider to prescribe antibiotics or corticosteroids (or both)or that led to hospitalization (severe exacerbations). Exacerbation frequency was observed over a period of 3 years. Results Exacerbations became more frequent (and more severe) as the severity of COPD increased; exacerbation rates in the first year of follow-up were 0.85 per person for patients with stage 2 COPD (with stage defined in accordance with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] stages), 1.34 for patients with stage 3, and 2.00 for patients with stage 4. Overall, 22% of patients with stage 2 disease, 33% with stage 3, and 47% with stage 4 had frequent exacerbations (two or more in the first year of follow-up). The single best predictor of exacerbations, across all GOLD stages, was a history of exacerbations. The frequent-exacerbation phenotype appeared to be relatively stable over a period of 3 years and could be predicted on the basis of the patient"s recall of previous treated events. In addition to its association with more severe disease and prior exacerbations, the phenotype was independently associated with a history of gastroesophageal reflux or heartburn, poorer quality of life, and elevated white-cell count. Conclusions Although exacerbations become more frequent and more severe as COPD progresses, the rate at which they occur appears to reflect an independent susceptibility phenotype. This has implications for the targeting of exacerbation-prevention strategies across the spectrum of disease severity. (Funded by GlaxoSmithKline; ClinicalTrials .gov number, NCT00292552.)

Sensorimotor Plasticity after Music-Supported Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients Revealed by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

BACKGROUND: Several recently developed therapies targeting motor disabilities in stroke sufferers have shown to be more effective than standard neurorehabilitation approaches. In this context, several basic studies demonstrated that music training produces rapid neuroplastic changes in motor-related brain areas. Music-supported therapy has been recently developed as a new motor rehabilitation intervention. METHODS AND RESULTS: In order to explore the plasticity effects of music-supported therapy, this therapeutic intervention was applied to twenty chronic stroke patients. Before and after the music-supported therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied for the assessment of excitability changes in the motor cortex and a 3D movement analyzer was used for the assessment of motor performance parameters such as velocity, acceleration and smoothness in a set of diadochokinetic movement tasks. Our results suggest that the music-supported therapy produces changes in cortical plasticity leading the improvement of the subjects' motor performance. CONCLUSION: Our findings represent the first evidence of the neurophysiological changes induced by this therapy in chronic stroke patients, and their link with the amelioration of motor performance. Further studies are needed to confirm our observations.

Dietary resveratrol prevents alzheimer's markers and increases life span in SAMP8

Resveratrol is a polyphenol that is mainly found in grapes and red wine and has been reported to be a caloric restriction (CR) mimetic driven by Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activation. Resveratrol increases metabolic rate, insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial biogenesis and physical endurance, and reduces fat accumulation in mice. In addition, resveratrol may be a powerful agent to prevent age-associated neurodegeneration and to improve cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Moreover, different findings support the view that longevity in mice could be promoted by CR. In this study, we examined the role of dietary resveratrol in SAMP8 mice, a model of age-related AD. We found that resveratrol supplements increased mean life expectancy and maximal life span in SAMP8 and in their control, the related strain SAMR1. In addition, we examined the resveratrol-mediated neuroprotective effects on several specific hallmarks of AD. We found that long-term dietary resveratrol activates AMPK pathways and pro-survival routes such as SIRT1 in vivo. It also reduces cognitive impairment and has a neuroprotective role, decreasing the amyloid burden and reducing tau hyperphosphorylation.

Proyecto P.A.S educar concienciando

El presente trabajo es un proyecto de educación sanitaria sobre la conducta P.A.S, para alumnos de E.S.O y Bachillerato. La experiencia personal vivida en el mundo de la extrahospitalaria, es la principal razón por la cual se realiza este proyecto, ya que en la mayoría de accidentes de tráfico asistidos, la población, pese a su buena voluntad y disposición, no conoce los pasos a seguir. En este documento, encontraremos una breve introducción, seguida de datos epidemiológicos sobre mortalidad y secuelas de los accidentes de tráfico, con lo cual se justifica sobremanera, la intervención propuesta. A grandes rasgos el plan de actuación consta de unos objetivos, una intervención tanto teórica como práctica y una evaluación de los alumnos así como del curso en general. En cuanto al temario, comentar que se incide de manera más profunda en la protección in situ y el aviso a los servicios de emergencia, quedando el apartado de socorrismo con unas sencillas recomendaciones, sobretodo de las actuaciones que no se deben llevar a cabo. En el apartado de anexos se puede encontrar los documentos de valoración, así como el temario propuesto.

Disseny d'un programa educatiu per prevenir les complicacions associades a l'alteració del perfil lipídic durant la gestació

L’embaràs és una situació especial en la vida de la dona que condiciona canvis en la seva fisiologia i en el desenvolupament d’un nou ésser. Entre aquests canvis fisiològics trobem l’augment dels nivells de colesterol i triglicèrids degut, majoritàriament, a l’augment de les hormones sexuals esteroidees i al metabolisme hepàtic i adipós alterat. Ara bé, cal mantenir aquests nivells dins d’uns límits per tal que no esdevinguin factor de risc de malalties futures, tant en la dona gestant com en el futur nadó.

Programa d'educació per a la salut: intervenció en violència de gènere en els estudiants de la Universitat de Lleida

La violència vers les dones està tan arrelada a la societat que ha estat pràcticament invisible durant molts anys. L’any 1979, l’ONU va reconèixer que és “el crim encobert més freqüent del món” i, l’OMS, l’any 1996, va declarar que la prevenció de la violència especialment contra les dones i els infants és una prioritat de Salut Pública. Això és degut a la important prevalença de la violència i les greus repercussions que comporta en la salut de les dones i famílies que la pateixen. A més de constituir una violació dels drets humans i d’atemptar contra la seguretat, la llibertat i la dignitat de les persones, aquestes formes de violència deterioren el benestar físic, sexual, reproductiu, psíquic, mental i social de les persones i les famílies que la pateixen ja que afecta a totes les esferes de la salut. Les conseqüències immediates i a llarg termini que s’han vinculat amb aquest tipus de violència inclouen: les lesions físiques, l’embaràs no desitjat, l’avortament, les complicacions ginecològiques, les infeccions de transmissió sexual (inclosa la infecció pel VIH), el trastorn d’estrès posttraumàtic i la depressió, entre d’altres.

Formació sanitària al cuidador informal en les cures del pacient pal·liatiu al domicili

En els últims anys s’ha produït un augment progressiu de la incidència i la prevalença de les malalties cròniques evolutives, i com a conseqüència de la mortalitat. Tot això està directament relacionat amb l’envelliment de la població que fa que a la vegada, s’incrementi el nombre de malalts crònics amb un deteriorament físic progressiu i amb grans necessitats d’atenció i de cures físiques, psicològiques, socials i espirituals. Aquest canvi en les necessitats requereix del desenvolupament de noves fórmules d’atenció i organització.

Plan integral de enfermería para la atención domiciliaria de pacientes con enfermedad neuromuscular e insuficiencia respiratoria

Las enfermedades neuromuscualres son enfermedades neurológicas, de naturaleza progresiva, normalmente hereditarias cuya principal característica clínica es la debilidad muscular. Dentro de las enfermedades que causan problemas respiratorios, existen una gran variedad de enfermedades neuromusculares que comprometen la función respiratoria, las cuales pueden dividirse en enfermedades neuromusculares neuropaticas y miopáticas, además de poder clasificarlas según la evolución. Las ENM pueden comprometer el sistema respiratorio condicionando morbilidad respiratoria de intensidad y precocidad variable dependiendo del grado de afección de los músculos respiratorios y deglutorios, así como de otros factores como el estado nutricional o la capacidad de deambulación, todos ellos factores que pueden ser incluidos dentro de un programa de enfermería de atención a domicilio.

Arte Outsider: Aproximación a la construcción artística de las manifestaciones creativas al margen del sistema del Arte

Para este trabajo se ha querido mirar afuera de los límites del arte tal y como se concibe en occidente. Dicho de otra forma, con mirar más allá no se hace referencia al arte de otras culturas, pues, de hecho, no nos movemos de la nuestra. Lo que se pretende a continuación, es la contemplación en la producción “artística” que se crea al margen de los dominios del “arte” oficial. Con esto puede parecer que nos inclinemos hacia las manifestaciones antisistemas que surgen en ambientes no institucionales como las paredes de las calles de las ciudades o en espacios de Internet. Por el contrario, se quiere tener en cuenta a aquellos individuos que, no perteneciendo al mundo del arte, pero impulsados por las mismas fuerzas expresivas que siente un artista “profesional”, generan imágenes plásticas de gran ímpetu y valor estético, tales como los niños, los pacientes y discapacitados mentales a causa de psicopatologías o trastornos, o visionarios y médiums espirituales. En definitiva, se prestará atención a individuos social y culturalmente marginados.

El trastorno antisocial de personalidad, la psicopatía y sus repercusiones sociales

El present treball es basa en un estudi sobre el trastorn antisocial de la personalitat i el controvertit concepte de psicopatia. Es realitza una descripció de cada trastorn amb les seves respectives característiques, així com una diferenciació entre un trastorn i un altre. S’analitzen les repercussions socials d’ambdós trastorns, així com les característiques delictives més comuns i el concepte d’imputabilitat. Per últim, ens torbem amb un anàlisi de casos reals de subjectes amb els esmentats trastorns.

Acute coronary syndromes

Mehta et al. do not show any significant difference between early and delayed intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome. In their study, 9.9% of patients in the...