Potencial de produção de biodiesel com espécies oleaginosas nativas de Rondônia, Brasil

RESUMOO plano de utilização sustentável de Produtos Florestais, especialmente as espécies oleaginosas nativas tem como função a manutenção da floresta, a preservação do meio ambiente e a geração de renda em comunidades rurais. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a potencialidade de produção de biodiesel a partir de espécies oleaginosas nativas do estado de Rondônia. Para a identificação das espécies oleaginosas foram selecionadas cinco unidades amostrais em áreas com mata primária com o auxílio do método da Área Fixa. A extração do óleo das espécies oleaginosas foi realizada e aquelas com maior teor de lipídeos foram usadas para a produção de biodiesel. Os resultados mostraram que as espécies andiroba (Carapa guianensis), babaçu (Orbignya phalerata), castanha do Brasil (Bertholletia excelsa), tucumã-do-Amazonas (Astrocaryum tucuma) possuem potencial de produção de biodiesel. Especialmente o tucumã-do-Amazonas, por seu alto teor de lipídios (21,5%) e a qualidade do biodiesel produzido. Além disso, já havia um comércio para esta oleaginosa na região. Entretanto, torna-se imprescindível o estudo da cadeia produtiva destas espécies como estratégia para minimização na perda da cobertura vegetal nativa e na manutenção da função ambiental das áreas a serem exploradas.

Cardiomiopatia hipertrófica tratada por técnica intervencionista de redução septal

Mulher de 75 anos com cardiomiopatia hipertrófica obstrutiva, com dispnéia classe IV, refratária ao tratamento clínico, apresentava contra-indicações relativas para abordagens cirúrgica e de implante de marcapasso. Realizou-se procedimento intervencionista para injeção seletiva de álcool absoluto no 1º ramo septal da artéria interventricular anterior. O infarto septal provocado acompanhou-se de liberação enzimática, elevação de ST e bloqueio de ramo direito do feixe de His. Não houve complicações inesperadas, e o gradiente da via ejetiva de ventrículo esquerdo, de 66mmHg, foi imediatamente abolido. Controle ecocardiográfico evidencia manutenção desse resultado, até o momento, dois meses após o procedimento, em correspondência a marcante alívio sintomático.

Comparative study for the identification of myocardial ischemia by contrast ventriculography under the effect of isosorbide mononitrate and by perfusional myocardial scintigraphy in patients with ischemic heart disease

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the usefulness of cineventriculographies, before and after nitrate use, to technetium-99m sestamibi scintigraphy for the identification of myocardial ischemia. METHODS: Twenty-six patients were studied at basal conditions and 5 minutes after intravenous administration of isosorbide mononitrate (0.3mg/kg), to evaluate the performance and regional wall motion of the left ventricle (LV). The results were compared to those obtained with technetium-99m sestamibi scintigraphy. RESULTS: Before nitrate, contrast ventriculography identified 30 normal segments, 62 hypokinetic segments, 28 dyskinetic segments, and 14 akinetic segments. After drug administration, 99 segments were normal, 11 hypokinetic, 11 dyskinetic, and 13 akinetic. Myocardial scintigraphy revealed 110 ischemic segments and 18 fibrotic segments (p<0.005). After drug administration, the ventriculography showed increase in the velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (p=0.0142), the ejection fraction (p=0.0462), decrease in the end-systolic volume (p=0.0031) and no change in end-diastolic volume. CONCLUSION: Contrast ventriculography using nitrate proved to be similar to perfusional myocardial scintigraphy in the identification of myocardial ischemia.

Climate change research and policy in Portugal

This article offers a review of research and policy on climate change in Portugal and is organized into three main themes: scientific knowledge and assessment of climate change; policy analysis and evaluation; and public engagement. Modern scientific research on meteorology and climatology started in Portugal in the 1950s and a strong community of researchers in climate science, vulnerabilities, impacts, and adaptation has since developed, particularly in the last decade. Nevertheless, there are still many gaps in research, especially regarding the economic costs of climate change in Portugal and costs and benefits of adaptation. Governmental policies with a strong emphasis on mitigation were introduced at the end of the 1990s. As greenhouse gas emissions continued to rise beyond its Kyoto target for 2012, the country had to resort to the Kyoto Flexibility Mechanisms in order to comply. Climate change adaptation policies were introduced in 2010 but are far from being fully implemented. Regarding public engagement with climate change, high levels of concern contrast with limited understanding and rather weak behavioral dispositions to address climate change. Citizens display a heavy reliance on the media as sources of information, which are dominated by a techno-managerial discourse mainly focused on the global level. The final part of the article identifies research gaps and outlines a research agenda. Connections between policy and research are also discussed

Tapping the wealth of microbial data in high-throughput metabolic model reconstruction

Genome-scale metabolic models are valuable tools in the metabolic engineering process, based on the ability of these models to integrate diverse sources of data to produce global predictions of organism behavior. At the most basic level, these models require only a genome sequence to construct, and once built, they may be used to predict essential genes, culture conditions, pathway utilization, and the modifications required to enhance a desired organism behavior. In this chapter, we address two key challenges associated with the reconstruction of metabolic models: (a) leveraging existing knowledge of microbiology, biochemistry, and available omics data to produce the best possible model; and (b) applying available tools and data to automate the reconstruction process. We consider these challenges as we progress through the model reconstruction process, beginning with genome assembly, and culminating in the integration of constraints to capture the impact of transcriptional regulation. We divide the reconstruction process into ten distinct steps: (1) genome assembly from sequenced reads; (2) automated structural and functional annotation; (3) phylogenetic tree-based curation of genome annotations; (4) assembly and standardization of biochemistry database; (5) genome-scale metabolic reconstruction; (6) generation of core metabolic model; (7) generation of biomass composition reaction; (8) completion of draft metabolic model; (9) curation of metabolic model; and (10) integration of regulatory constraints. Each of these ten steps is documented in detail.

Mechanical versus biological aortic valve implants in the elderly. A comparison of early and mid-term results

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to compare, in a non randomized study, the surgical outcome in elderly patients with mechanical (Group 1; n=83) and bioprosthetic valve implants (Group 2; n=136). METHODS: During a three year period, 219 patients >75 years underwent Aortic Valve Replacement. The groups matched according to age, sex, comorbidity, valve pathology and concomitant Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Follow-up was a total of 469 patient-years (mean follow-up 2.1 years, maximum 4,4 years). RESULTS: Operative mortality was zero and the overall early mortality was 2.3 % (within 30 days). Actuarial survival was 87.5 ± 4.0% and 66.1 ± 7.7% (NS) at 4 years in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. Freedom from valve-related death was 88.9 ± 3.8% in Group 1 and 69.9±7.9% (NS) in Group 2 at 4 years. CONCLUSION: Aortic Valve Replacement in the elderly (>75 years) is a safe procedure even in cases where concomitant coronary artery revascularization is performed. Only a few anticoagulant-related complications were reported and this may indicate that selected groups of elderly patients with significant life expectancy may benefit from mechanical implants .

Multiple Embolism in a Female Patient with Infective Endocarditis: Low Back Pain and Hematuria as the Initial Clinical Manifestations

A 59-year-old female patient with mitral valve prolapse and a previous history of lumbosacral spondyloarthrosis and lumbar disk hernia had an episode of infective endocarditis due to Streptococcus viridans, which evolved with peripheral embolism to the left kidney, spleen, and left iliac artery, and intraventricular cerebral hemorrhage. Her clinical manifestations were low back pain and hematuria, which were initially attributed to an osteoarticular condition. Infective endocarditis is a severe polymorphic disease with multiple clinical manifestations and it should always be included in the differential diagnosis by clinicians.

Nova genera plantarum...

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Nova genera plantarum...

pt.3, 5 1783-84

Florae Columbiae :terrarumque adiacentium specimina selecta in peregrinatione duodecim annorum observata /delineavit et descripsit H. Karsten.

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Florae Columbiae :terrarumque adiacentium specimina selecta in peregrinatione duodecim annorum observata /delineavit et descripsit H. Karsten.

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Nicolai Thomae Host ... Icones et descriptiones graminum austriacorum.

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