715 resultados para SOCIAL-SPATIAL PRACTICE


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A entrevista compreendida como instrumento mediador no processo do conhecimento, possibilita que o assistente social se aproxime da realidade de sua demanda, superando a aparência dos fenômenos e adquirindo maiores possibilidades interventivas diante das expressões da questão social. Partindo dessa compreensão, esta dissertação apresenta como objetivo analisar, criticamente, como tem se dado a prática profissional contemporânea do Serviço Social, no que diz respeito ao uso do instrumento entrevista. Neste intuito foram identificadas as diferentes concepções teórico-metodológicas sobre entrevista nas ciências sociais e o debate em torno da relação teoria-prática em Serviço Social, assim como, foi analisada a compreensão e a forma de utilização da entrevista por assistentes sociais na prática profissional. Orientada pelo método crítico dialético, a argumentação partiu de análises de materiais de aporte teórico e de uma pesquisa de campo realizada mediante entrevistas com duas assistentes sociais atuantes na área da assistência social e de duas da Saúde. Como resultado identificou que a carência de maiores problematizações acerca do instrumento tem rebatimentos no contexto institucional, de modo que, a maioria das entrevistadas apresentou dificuldade de associar o instrumento a referenciais teóricos e, não o percebeu como instrumento de mediação, sugerindo que a dicotomia teoria-prática é uma realidade bastante presente na prática profissional do Assistente Social.

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O presente trabalho vem contribuir com o estudo do clima urbano na cidade de Belém durante a época menos chuvosa, juntamente com uma análise das questões da segregação social deste espaço urbano. Foi realizada uma campanha de coleta de dados meteorológicos durante alguns dias na época menos chuvosa da região para se calcular o índice de conforto térmico nos bairros e compara-los com as tipologias sociais características de cada bairro. Os resultados indicaram que as zonas da cidade menos confortáveis foram a Oeste e a Central, pois são mais urbanizadas e possuem menos vegetação que as demais áreas, enquanto que as zonas mais confortáveis foram a Leste e Noroeste, que possuem mais áreas vegetadas e predominância de edificações baixas. As análises indicaram que não existe um padrão bem definido entre as tipologias sociais dos bairros e suas condições de conforto térmico, pois as características da superfície são mais significativas para as mudanças microclimáticas locais.

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Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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This study presents different modalities of ethics - guardianship, interlocution, social action, care and finally the ethics of listening to the subject's unconscious desire - as analyzers of the care practices conducted by psychologists in the field of Social Assistance. In an institutional approach, cases found in the literature are presented, in a questioning way, which can be considered examples of the practices performed by psychologists and other workers who operate in a wide variety of healthcare establishments. It was concluded that psychologists may encounter, in the field of Freudian/Lacanian psychoanalysis, consistent theoretical-technical and ethical-political instrumentals to guide institutional performance in an effective and informed way so as to include the individual as a citizen and also as the subject of the unconscious.

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This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of dengue risk and its association with socio-environmental conditions. This was an ecological study of the counts of autochthonous dengue cases in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, in the year 2007, aggregated according to 47 coverage areas of municipal health centers. Spatial models for mapping diseases were constructed with Bayesian hierarchical models, based on Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA). The analyses were stratified according to two age groups, 0 to 14 years and above 14 years. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of dengue risk is not associated with socio-environmental conditions in the 0 to 14 year age group. In the age group older than 14 years, the relative risk of dengue increases significantly as the level of socio-environmental deprivation increases. Mapping of socio-environmental deprivation and dengue cases proved to be a useful tool for data analysis in dengue surveillance systems.

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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This research aimed at studying the social role of reading, its importance in building knowledge and training of readers, as well as reflect on the teaching of reading in schools, with children in the literacy process. For their achievement, were used as theoretical support authors who are dedicated to the study of language, thematic reading, and phenomena that occur through it in the school environment, especially those of Bakhtin, Kleiman, Chartier, Foucambert, among others . The research was carried out using the approach of qualitative research, using participatory action research, through which the researcher could have direct contact with the observed phenomena, to participate and collect the participants' actions in its natural context, the from their perspective and their views. As for collecting and analyzing data, we used the tools of questionnaire, interview and participant observation. Its subjects a literacy class and their respective teacher, in 2009. By analyzing this information, one can draw a picture of reading in the school environment and teaching practices that surround this object. The results of the literature survey and data analysis suggest that reading is a social practice, and as such has indispensable social function in society today. And the school, one of the greatest instruments of contact with the world of letters, therefore, of reading for children means not literate, have key role in developing and training of readers who are aware of the importance of reading and perpetuate this practice in their daily lives. Similarly, subjects of research, have achieved an advanced level of literacy and understand the social role of reading and its importance to live in society, in which they belong

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According to data from the World Health Organization, the older population will grow sixteenfold from 1950 to 2025 in comparison to a fivefold population growth in the same period, which is referred to by UNO as the “Ageing Era”. This places Brazil in the sixth position in the contingent of older individuals worldwide, with a number that is higher than 32 million. Considering how topics such as quality of life and social vulnerability are important in face of the growing older population, these topics must be furthered studied so that they can be understood as important variables for both better clinical practice and scientific research. To describe the social vulnerability and evaluate the quality of life of older individuals in a population hospitalized in the internal medicine ward of Bauru State Hospital. This is a descriptive qualitative study that was conducted by means of interviews and using Bardin’s discourse analysis. The inclusion criteria used in this study were: individuals at 60 years of age who were mentally capable of answering the proposed questions. Two categories concerning Quality of Life and Social Vulnerability emerged from the interviews. The following emerged from the theme Quality of Life: “Life as something important” and subcategories that involved feeling useful in society, having a supportive family, independence, optimism and joy and survival. Also, the following emerged from the theme Social Vulnerability: “Negative recognition of older individuals in society” and subcategories that involved lack of respect, functional disability, family indifference, housing-related insecurity, an inefficient health care system and loneliness. Quality of Life and Social Vulnerability are largely discussed themes in the present scenario. In this study, it was possible to perceive that the older population needs social support, effective public... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)