Salmonella serovars in laying hen flocks and commercial table eggs from a region of Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Electromyographic study of the longissimus dorsi and iliocostalis lumborum muscles during knee flexion and extension on a plain and on a tilt Roman table

The objective of this paper was to analyse the activity of the longissimus dorsi and the iliocostalis lumborum muscles--components of the erector spinae muscle--in order to determine: their action potentials during the use of a plain and a tilt Roman table; 2) to compare the action potentials of the two muscles; 3) to verify if the action potential of these two muscles remain constant during the arc of movement--knee flexion and extension--divided into angle ranges, and 4) to compare the action potentials of the muscles in movements performed in a free manner and against resistance. Twenty-three young volunteers were studied electromyographically and each muscle received a needle electrode (Mise) and a surface electrode. The results showed that the table model did not determine any difference in the action potential of the muscles and that, on average, the iliocostalis lumborum muscle developed a slightly higher action potential than the longissimus dorsi muscle during the free flexion of knees on the plain table. In more than 70% of the cases, there was no difference between the action potential of the muscles over the various angle ranges of knee flexion and extension. Relatively higher action potentials were recorded during knee flexion and extension against resistance than during the same movements performed in a free manner. This shows that the paravertebral musculature responds better to an overload (8 kg) imposed on the knee flexor group, confirming the stabilizing role of the longissimus dorsi and iliocostalis lumborum muscles during knee flexion and extension on a Roman table.

A mathematical view of water table fluctuations in a shallow aquifer in Brazil

Detailed monitoring of the groundwater table can provide important data about both short- and long-term aquifer processes, including information useful for estimating recharge and facilitating groundwater modeling and remediation efforts. In this paper, we presents results of 4 years (2002 to 2005) of monitoring groundwater water levels in the Rio Claro Aquifer using observation wells drilled at the Rio Claro campus of São Paulo State University in Brazil. The data were used to follow natural periodic fluctuations in the water table, specifically those resulting from earth tides and seasonal recharge cycles. Statistical analyses included methods of time-series analysis using Fourier analysis, cross-correlation, and R/S analysis. Relationships could be established between rainfall and well recovery, as well as the persistence and degree of autocorrelation of the water table variations. We further used numerical solutions of the Richards equation to obtain estimates of the recharge rate and seasonable groundwater fluctuations. Seasonable soil moisture transit times through the vadose zone obtained with the numerical solution were very close to those obtained with the cross-correlation analysis. We also employed a little-used deep drainage boundary condition to obtain estimates of seasonable water table fluctuations, which were found to be consistent with observed transient groundwater levels during the period of study.

Física e música: o uso de canções como ferramenta auxiliar no ensino de física

In this work we present a didactic proposal to use song lyrics for Physics Teaching aimed to High School level. Based on the work proposed by Zanetic (1990) that Physics is also Culture, we understand that its influence extends beyond the scientific boundaries, reaching spheres of knowledge where its presence is less obvious, such as the arts, especially Music. Based on proposals for Ramos and Gomes (2013), activities were conducted in two groups of second year of high school in the city of Rio Claro, each with an approach. In one of the classes the students received as material the lyrics of the songs printed and the other students were given a table along with the lyrics. In these materials the students identified physical concepts present in the songs Nuclear Shelter of the São Paulo band Premeditando the Breque and Manhattan Project of the Canadian band Rush. We observed during activities an improvement in the participation of students in theoretical discussions, probably due to a more favorable context for students to express themselves assigned by us to the activities with the songs. After performing the activities we demonstrated that you can enter the Music in the classroom not only as entertainment but as an aid in research and understanding of physical concepts

Marcadores de tempo Apyãwa: a solidariedade entre os povos e o ambiente que habitam

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparison of anaerobic threshold, oxygen uptake and heart rate between specific table

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Task complexity reveals expertise of table tennis players

AIM: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of intensive practice in table-­tennis on perceptual, decision-­making and motor-­systems. Groups of elite (HL=11), intermediate (LL=6) and control (CC=11) performed tasks of different levels. METHODS: All subjects underwent to reaction-­time-­test and response-­time-­test consisting of a pointing task to targets placed at distinct distances (15 and 25-­cm) on the right and left sides. The ball speed test in forehand and backhand condition just for HL and LL group. RESULTS: In CC group reaction time was higher compared to HL (P< 0.05) group. In the response-­time-­test, there was a significant main effect of distance (P< 0.0001) and the tennis-­table expertise (P= 0.011). In the ball speed test the HL were constantly faster compared to the LL in both forehand stroke (P< 0.0001) and backhand stroke (P< 0.0001). Overall, the forehand stroke was significantly faster than the backhand stroke. CONCLUSION: We can conclude that table-­tennis-­players have shorter response-­times than non-­athletes and the tasks of reaction-­time and response-­time are incapable to distinguish the performance of well-­trained table tennis players of the intermediate player, but the ball speed test seems be able to do it.

The book is still on the table: uma análise do uso do livro didático de inglês na escola pública paulista

Pós-graduação em Planejamento e Análise de Políticas Públicas - FCHS

The Eleventh Wildlife Damage Management Conference: Table of Contents

Table of Contents

LIFE TABLE ANALYSIS OF DIAPHORINA CITRI (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) INFESTING SWEET ORANGE (CITRUS SINENSIS) IN SAO PAULO

An ecological life table for eggs and nymphs of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) was constructed with data obtained from orange orchards (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) in 2 regions of the State of Sao Paulo, over 4 generations in the period from XI-2006 to V-2007, comprising spring, summer, and fall seasons. Young growing shoots with D. citri eggs present were identified, and live individuals were counted until adult emergence. No predatory arthropods were observed in association with D. citri eggs and nymphs during the study. The mean parasitism of fourth- and fifth-instar nymphs by Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was 2.3%. The durations of the egg-adult period were similar among the 4 generations, ranging from 18.0 to 24.7 d (at mean temperatures ranging from 21.6 to 26.0 degrees C) and followed the temperature requirement models obtained in the laboratory for D. citri. However, survival from the egg to the adult stage for the same period varied considerably from 1.7 to 21.4%; the highest mortalities were observed in the egg and small nymphal (first- to thirdinstar) stages, which were considered to be key phases for population growth of the pest.

Integration of spatial and temporal models to predict extreme water table depths

The objective of this work was to evaluate extreme water table depths in a watershed, using methods for geographical spatial data analysis. Groundwater spatio-temporal dynamics was evaluated in an outcrop of the Guarani Aquifer System. Water table depths were estimated from monitoring of water levels in 23 piezometers and time series modeling available from April 2004 to April 2011. For generation of spatial scenarios, geostatistical techniques were used, which incorporated into the prediction ancillary information related to the geomorphological patterns of the watershed, using a digital elevation model. This procedure improved estimates, due to the high correlation between water levels and elevation, and aggregated physical sense to predictions. The scenarios showed differences regarding the extreme levels - too deep or too shallow ones - and can subsidize water planning, efficient water use, and sustainable water management in the watershed.

Mammography-based screening program: preliminary results from a first 2-year round in a Brazilian region using mobile and fixed units

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. The use of mobile mammography units to offer screening to women living in remote areas is a rational strategy to increase the number of women examined. This study aimed to evaluate results from the first 2 years of a government-organized mammography screening program implemented with a mobile unit (MU) and a fixed unit (FU) in a rural county in Brazil. The program offered breast cancer screening to women living in Barretos and the surrounding area. Methods: Based on epidemiologic data, 54 238 women, aged 40 to 69 years, were eligible for breast cancer screening. The study included women examined from April 1, 2003 to March 31, 2005. The chi-square test and Bonferroni correction analyses were used to evaluate the frequencies of tumors and the importance of clinical parameters and tumor characteristics. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Overall, 17 964 women underwent mammography. This represented 33.1% of eligible women in the area. A mean of 18.6 and 26.3 women per day were examined in the FU and MU, respectively. Seventy six patients were diagnosed with breast cancer (41 (54%) in the MU). This represented 4.2 cases of breast cancer per 1000 examinations. The number of cancers detected was significantly higher in women aged 60 to 69 years than in those aged 50 to 59 years (p < 0.001) or 40 to 49 years (p < 0.001). No difference was observed between women aged 40 to 49 years and those aged 50 to 59 years (p = 0.164). The proportion of tumors in the early (EC 0 and EC I) and advanced (CS III and CS IV) stages of development were 43.4% and 15.8%, respectively. Conclusions: Preliminary results indicate that this mammography screening program is feasible for implementation in a rural Brazilian territory and favor program continuation.

Discussions about Health and Illness: revisiting Monteiro Lobato's adult work

Monteiro Lobato's opinions with regard to the health and disease themes were not restricted to Jeca Tatu's condition; he went beyond, and his opinions and reports about the illness experience can be observed in several excerpts of his adult work. This paper highlights the health and illness conceptions observed in Monteiro Lobato's writings. Through the analysis of his adult work, we could learn about his opinions and reports on his beloved ones' experience of being sick, the possibility that the disease offers of socializing individuals, medical corporativism, his participation in the Pro-Sanitation League, some paternalistic health practices and the vulnerability of those with unfavorable social conditions, among other topics, in some occasions with comical characteristics, in others with resignation and even anger. Therefore, this study analyzed his adult work, discussing the excerpts that deal with health and illness experienced in the first decades of the 20th century.

Stochastic simulation of time-series models combined with geostatistics to predict water-table scenarios in a Guarani Aquifer System outcrop area, Brazil

Stochastic methods based on time-series modeling combined with geostatistics can be useful tools to describe the variability of water-table levels in time and space and to account for uncertainty. Monitoring water-level networks can give information about the dynamic of the aquifer domain in both dimensions. Time-series modeling is an elegant way to treat monitoring data without the complexity of physical mechanistic models. Time-series model predictions can be interpolated spatially, with the spatial differences in water-table dynamics determined by the spatial variation in the system properties and the temporal variation driven by the dynamics of the inputs into the system. An integration of stochastic methods is presented, based on time-series modeling and geostatistics as a framework to predict water levels for decision making in groundwater management and land-use planning. The methodology is applied in a case study in a Guarani Aquifer System (GAS) outcrop area located in the southeastern part of Brazil. Communication of results in a clear and understandable form, via simulated scenarios, is discussed as an alternative, when translating scientific knowledge into applications of stochastic hydrogeology in large aquifers with limited monitoring network coverage like the GAS.