Experience and lessons learnt from the SMART 2013 Benchmark

The French CEA, together with EDF and the IAEA, recently organised an international benchmark to evaluate the ability to model the mechanical behaviour of a typical nuclear reinforced concrete structure subjected to seismic demands. The participants were provided with descriptions of the structure and the testing campaign; they had to propose the numerical model and the material laws for the concrete (stage #1). A mesh of beam and shell elements was generated; for modelling the concrete a damaged plasticity model was used, but a smeared crack model was also investigated. Some of the initial experimental results, with the mock-up remaining in the elastic range, were provided to the participants for calibrating their models (stage #2). Predictions had to be produced in terms of eigen-frequencies and motion time histories. The calculated frequencies reproduced reasonably the experimental ones; the time histories, calculated by modal response analysis, also reproduced adequately the observed amplifications. The participants were then expected to predict the structural response under strong ground motions (stage #3), which increased progressively up to a history recorded during the 1994 Northridge earthquake, followed by an aftershock. These results were produced using an explicit solver and a damaged plasticity model for the concrete, although an implicit solver with a smeared crack model was also investigated. The paper presents the conclusions of the pre-test exercise, as well as some observations from additional simulations conducted after the experimental results were made available.

Apuntes de Hormigón Armado. Adaptados a la Instrucción EHE-08

Este libro de "Apuntes de Hormigón Armado" desarrolla los contenidos relacionados con el cálculo y comprobación de estructuras de edificación convencionales construidas en hormigón armado. Incluye los Estados Límite Últimos (piezas flectadas y flexo-comprimidas, cortante y punzonamiento, inestabilidad en pilares, redistribución limitada de momentos), Estados Límite de Servicio (fisuración y deformaciones instantáneas y diferidas), disposiciones constructivas de armaduras longitudinales y tangenciales y cálculo de elementos de cimentación y contención. La norma de referencia es la Instrucción Española de Hormigón Estructural, EHE-08, aunque también se reseña puntualmente el Eurocódigo 2.

Hormigón Armado y Pretensado. Presentaciones (curso 2011-2012)

Presentaciones de los temas que integran los contenidos de la asignatura "Hormigón Armado y Pretensado", impartida en las titulaciones de Ingeniería Técnica de Obras Públicas, Ingeniería Geológica y Grado en Ing. Civil.

Estructuras de Hormigón Armado y Pretensado. Prácticas de autoevaluación (curso 2011-2012)

Supuestos prácticos de autoevaluación de la asignatura "Estructuras de Hormigón Armado y Pretensado".

Partial collapse of a ventilated stone façade: Diagnosis and analysis of the anchorage system

The mechanical behaviour of transventilated façades performed by natural stone is necessarily based on the correct execution of both anchoring elements on the stone cladding as in the ones corresponding to the enclosure support, either with brick masonry walls or reinforced concrete walls. In the case studied in the present work, the origin of the damages suffered on the façade of a building located in Alcoy has been analyzed, where the detachment of part of the outer enclosure occurred. This enclosure is a transventilated façade formed by Bateig Blue stone tiles. To this end, “in situ” tests of the anchoring systems employed have been performed, as well as laboratory tests of mechanical characterization of the material and of different types of anchor, comparing these results with those obtained in both the simplified analytical models of continuum mechanics as developed by the Finite Element Method (FEM).

Refugios antiaéreos de la Guerra Civil en Alicante: intervenciones arqueológicas en las plazas de Séneca y Dr. Balmis

El golpe militar de 1936 conducirá a una dura contienda civil. Durante la misma, la Aviación Legionaria Italiana y, en menor medida, la Legión Cóndor bombardeará duramente numerosas ciudades de la costa mediterránea. Para proteger a la población, las Juntas Locales de Defensa Pasiva llevarán a cabo un programa de construcción de refugios antiaéreos sin precedentes hasta entonces. En Alicante serán numerosos los refugios construidos, entre ellos los situados en las plazas de Séneca y del Dr. Balmis, ambas construcciones salen a la luz, tras años de olvido, a raíz de sendos proyectos de remodelación de las zonas en las que se encuentran enclavados.

A first approach to earthquake damage estimation in Haiti: advices to minimize the seismic risk

This study is in the frame of the cooperative line that several Spanish Universities and other foreign partners started with the Haitian government in 2010. According to our studies (Benito et al. in An evaluation of seismic hazard in La Hispaniola, after the 2010 Haiti earthquake, 33rd General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission, Moscow, Russia, 2012) and recent scientific literature, the earthquake hazard in Haiti remains high (Calais et al. in Nat Geosci 3:794–799, 2010). In view of this, we wonder whether the country is currently ready to face another earthquake. In this sense, we estimated several damage scenarios in Port-au-Prince and Cap-Haitien associated to realistic possible major earthquakes. Our findings show that almost 50 % of the building stock of both cities would result uninhabitable due to structural damage. Around 80 % of the buildings in both cities have reinforced concrete structure with concrete block infill; however, the presence of masonry buildings becomes significant (between 25 and 45 % of the reinforced concrete buildings) in rural areas and informal settlements on the outskirts, where the estimated damage is higher. The influence of the soil effect on the damage spatial distribution is evident in both cities. We have found that the percentage of uninhabitable buildings in soft soil areas may be double the percentage obtained in nearby districts located in hard soil. These results reveal that a new seismic catastrophe of similar or even greater consequences than the 2010 Haiti earthquake might happen if the earthquake resilience is not improved in the country. Nowadays, the design of prevention actions and mitigation policies is the best instrument the society has to face seismic risk. In this sense, the results of this research might contribute to define measures oriented to earthquake risk reduction in Haiti, which should be a real priority for national and international institutions.

Construction of Structures I in Moodle: a new teaching methodology in the Degree of Building Engineer

The subject of Construction of Structures I studies, from a constructive point of view and taking into account current legislation, reinforced concrete structures used in buildings, through the acquisition of knowledge and construction criteria required in the profession of a Technical Architect. The contents acquired in this course are essential for further professional development of technicians and are closely related to many of the subjects taught in the same or other courses of the Degree in Technical Architecture at the University of Alicante. The aim of this paper is to present, analyze and discuss the development of a new methodology proposed in the mentioned subject, as it supposed an important change in the traditional way of teaching Construction and Structures I. In order to incorporate new teaching tools in 2013-2014, the course has been implemented by using a Moodle software tool to promote blended learning with online exercises. Our Moodle community allows collaborative work within an open-source platform where teachers and students share a new and personalized learning environment. Students are easily used to the interface and the platform, value the constant connection with teachers or other fellows and completely agree with the possibility of making questions or share documents 24 hours a day. The proposed methodology consists of lectures and practical classes. In the lectures, the basics of each topic are discussed; class attendance, daily study and conducting scheduled exercises are indispensable. Practical classes allow to consolidate the knowledge gained in theory classes by solving professional exercises and actual construction problems related to structures, that shall be compulsorily delivered online. So, after the correction of the teacher and the subsequent feedback of students, practical exercises ensure lifelong learning of the student, who can download any kind of material at any time (constructive details, practical exercises and even corrected exams). Regarding the general evaluation system, goals achievement is assessed on an ongoing basis (65% of the final mark) along the course through written and graphic evidences in person and online, as well as a individual development of a workbook. In all cases, the acquisition of skills, the ability to synthesize, the capacity of logical and critical thinking are assessed. The other 35 % of the mark is evaluated by a complementary graphic exam. Participation in the computing platform is essential and the student is required to do and present, at least 90% of the practices proposed. Those who do not comply with the practices in each specific date could not be assessed continuously and may only choose the final exam. In conclusion, the subject of Construction of Structures I is essential in the development of the regulated profession of Technical Architect as they are considered, among other professional profiles, as specialists in construction of building structures. The use of a new communication platform and online teaching allows the acquisition of knowledge and constructive approaches in a continuous way, with a more direct and personal monitoring by the teacher that has been highly appreciated by almost 100% of the students. Ultimately, it is important to say that the use of Moodle in this subject is a very interesting tool, which was really well welcome by students in one of the densest and important subjects of the Degree of Technical Architecture.

Aspetos do dimensionamento de painéis prefabricados de fachada em GRC do tipo nervurado

O recurso a sistemas de fachadas prefabricadas no ramo da Construção Civil tem-se revelado uma opção eficaz, apresentando-se como uma solução de vanguarda no sentido de garantir vantagens ao nível da qualidade e da produtividade. A introdução de painéis de GRC (Glassfibre Reinforced Concrete) no mercado da construção trouxe vantagens ao sector uma vez que compatibiliza as vantagens da prefabricação leve, elevados níveis de desempenho e uma grande latitude em termos de formas e acabamentos. Este compósito é formado por uma matriz de argamassa reforçada com fibra de vidro. A incorporação das fibras permite melhorar as propriedades mecânicas da argamassa, principalmente ao nível da resistência de tração e flexão, fazendo com que os elementos possam ter menores espessuras e consequentemente menor peso, comparativamente com peças de betão armado. No mercado são comercializados três tipos de painéis de GRC, os do tipo nervurado, os do tipo stud frame e os do tipo sanduiche. Estes vários tipos de painéis tem as suas particularidades e a seleção depende das exigências e das características da obra. O estudo teve como alvo diferentes formas e dimensões de painéis de fachada em GRC do tipo nervurado. No presente trabalho faz-se um estudo comparativo da aplicação de dois métodos de dimensionamento. Comparam-se os resultados obtidos pela teoria clássica da flexão (TCF) e pelo método dos elementos finitos (MEF) e confrontam-se estes valores com os resultados obtidos em ensaios. Com o estudo efetuado conclui-se pela validade e utilidade da análise através da TCF, cujos resultados se aproximam bastante da análise pelo MEF. Sugerem-se coeficientes de ajustamento no sentido de adaptar a pratica de projeto em conformidade com os resultados verificados.

Improved concretes for corrosion resistance /

"May 1997."

Structural engineer.

Journal of the Institution of Structural Engineers.

Illustrated technical dictionary in six languages, English, German, French, Russian, Italian, Spanish /

Vols. 7-13 have added t.p.: Schlomann-Oldenbourgh illustrierte technische wörterbücher, unter mitwirkung hervorragender fachieute des in- und auslandes, hrsg. von Alfred Schlomann ... Müchen und Berlin, Druck und verlag von R. Oldenbourg; London, Constable & Co., etc.

Tabellen für die rasche und sichere Berechnung von Platten, Balken und Plattenbalken aus Eisenbeton: nebst Beispielen über alle möglichen Aufgaben /

Mode of access: Internet.

Pumpcrete practice. A manual of pipe line concreting methods.

Mode of access: Internet.

Brücken in Eisenbeton, ein Leitfaden für Schule und Praxis

"Verzeichnis von Abhandlung über Eisenbeton-Balkenbrücken in verschiedenen Fachzeitschriften," vol.1, p.185-187; "Verzeichnis von neueren Abhandlungen über Eisenbeton-Wölbbrücken in verschiedenen Fachzeitschriften," vol.2, p.195-198.