Intenções versus desempenho: o Brasil na política externa portuguesa (1976-2007)

Partindo dos eixos orientadores da política externa portuguesa no pós-25 de Abril de 1974, o artigo visa compreender o enquadramento do Brasil nas opções da política externa portuguesa, centrando-se na análise dos programas dos Governos Constitucionais, nas visitas oficiais, no investimento português no Brasil e na influência da imigração brasileira na política externa. Pretendemos mostrar que, apesar das alterações exigidas pela democratização portuguesa, a relação com o Brasil subsistiu embora tenha prevalecido a retórica e o simbolismo sobre as concretizações práticas.

Macau in China's relations with the lusophone world

After the transfer of the Portuguese administration to China, Macau kept its role as a bridge between East and West, inspired in the Portuguese settlement 500 years ago. The pragmatism of the Chinese central government, using the Lusophone specificities of this Special Administrative Region, supported the creation of the Forum for Economic and Trade Cooperation between China and the Portuguese-speaking Countries, reviving the statute of the Portuguese language and culture in its own territory.

Electrospun silk-elastin-like fiber mats for tissue engineering applications

Protein-based polymers are present in a wide variety of organisms fulfilling structural and mechanical roles. Advances in protein engineering and recombinant DNA technology allow the design and production of recombinant protein-based polymers (rPBPs) with an absolute control of its composition. Although the application of recombinant proteins as biomaterials is still an emerging technology, the possibilities are limitless and far superior to natural or synthetic materials, as the complexity of the structural design can be fully customized. In this work, we report the electrospinning of two new genetically engineered silk-elastin-like proteins (SELPs) consisting of alternate silk- and elastin-like blocks. Electrospinning was performed with formic acid and aqueous solutions at different concentrations without addition of further agents. The size and morphology of the electrospun structures was characterized by scanning electron microscopy showing to be dependent of concentration and solvent used. Treatment with air saturated with methanol was employed to stabilize the structure and promote water insolubility through a time-dependent conversion of random coils into β-sheets (FTIR). The resultant methanol-treated electrospun mats were characterized for swelling degree (570-720%), water vapour transmission rate (1083 g/m2/day) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity of ~126 MPa). Furthermore, the methanol-treated SELP fiber mats showed no cytotoxicity and were able to support adhesion and proliferation of normal human skin fibroblasts. Adhesion was characterized by a filopodia-mediated mechanism. These results demonstrate that SELP fiber mats can provide promising solutions for the development of novel biomaterials suitable for tissue engineering applications.

Expectativas sobre la independencia del auditor: evidencias empíricas

La Unión Europea pretende renovar la Octava Directiva, entre otras razones, para reforzar la independencia de los auditores y abordar los conflictos de intereses inherentes al panorama actual. Este trabajo plantea conocer las expectativas sobre estas propuestas 2 concretando los factores que afectan, tanto positiva como negativamente, a que el auditor mantenga su independencia ante el cliente. Se comprueba que se perciben como factores negativos todos los relacionados con la dependencia económica y los conflictos de intereses en la negociación entre el auditor y la empresa. Sin embargo no se perciben como positivos los mecanismos empleados habitualmente como salvaguardas (como por ejemplo el Comité de Auditoría y la rotación), considerando que la independencia depende fundamentalmente de la persona del auditor y su carácter.

Gestão ambiental proativa

As empresas industriais que procuram manter-se competitivas ou mesmo sobreviver e se ajustar a um ambiente de negócios turbulento e imprevisível percebem cada vez mais que, diante das questões ambientais, são exigidas novas posturas, num processo de renovação contínua, seja na maneira de operar seus negócios, seja em suas organizações. Nesse sentido, as empresas industriais estão desenvolvendo novas formas de lidar com os problemas ambientais, mediante mecanismos de auto-regulação ou por meio de uma gestão ambiental proativa.

Intensidade tecnológica e sistemas de trabalho de alto desempenho: a contingent approach

Este artigo analisa o efeito moderador que a intensidade tecnológica do ambiente no qual a empresa atua exerce na relação entre os Sistemas de Trabalho de Alto Desempenho (STAD) e o desempenho operacional da empresa. Estudamos esse efeito moderador potencial em uma amostra de 593 empresas industriais espanholas divididas em duas sub-amostras: empresas industriais de alta (n1=301) e baixa (n2=292) tecnologia. Os resultados mostram que os STAD realmente influenciam o desempenho operacional das empresas de alta intensidade tecnológica, enquanto nas empresas de baixa intensidade tecnológica nenhum efeito é observado.

CARACTERÍSTICAS ORGANIZACIONALES DE LA SATISFACCIÓN LABORAL EN ESPAÑA

En el presente artículo se lleva a cabo un modelo de análisis de la incidencia de las características inherentes al trabajo sobre la satisfacción laboral. El contraste empírico tiene su origen en la Encuesta de Calidad de Vida en el Trabajo del año 2010 (Ministerio de Trabajo e Inmigración de España), siendo la metodología aplicada una regresión stepwise. Las variables independientes que se han considerado en el modelo de la satisfacción laboral fueron, por orden de inclusión y explicación : motivación, actividad, organización del trabajo, salario, jornada, valoración de los superiores, estabilidad, desarrollo personal, vacaciones y permisos y posibilidad de promoción. Se han obtenido como resultado todos los coeficientes de regresión positivos y significativos, siendo la bondad del modelo aceptable en la medida en que las variables independientes se derivan únicamente de características de la organización.

SOCIAL BUSINESS DILEMMAS IN BRAZIL: REDE ASTACASE

ABSTRACTSocial businesses seek financial, social and even environmental results. Academic knowledge on how such organizations operate, however, has emerged more recently. This article sought to investigate qualitatively the main tensions and dilemmas occurring throughout the history of Rede Asta, a pioneer social business in direct catalog sales of artisanal products in Brazil. Results indicate the Rede Asta managers have experienced tensions and dilemmas in three of the four categories identified by Smith, Gonin, and Besharov (2013): social and financial performance, organizational aspects and learning. One of the dilemmas involves organizational aspects and learning, since Asta achieves feasibility with two organizations: a nonprofit association and a for-profit corporation. On perceptions of belonging, stakeholders declared they felt they were a part of the organization’s social and environmental goals; some even as activists.

RELATION BETWEEN BACKGROUND VARIABLES, VALUES AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

ABSTRACT Consumer perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be directly influenced by individual value structures. This research aims to provide new knowledge regarding the relationship between basic human values and the public's perception of CSR. It focuses on the values of higher education students and their views regarding a particular corporate social initiative. The study reveals that social, educational, and economic circumstances influence human values. Those values in turn influence why different students perceive CSR differently. These findings are relevant to companies as they provide a more detailed understanding of why certain consumer groups perceive certain CSR initiatives the way that they do. They also suggest that universities should increase their awareness of the importance of integrating human values and CSR in the curricula of future business managers and social leaders.

Higher education of tourism in Spain and its adaptation to the European higher education area

The international tourism system has deeply undergone structural changes in the last decades which not remain outside the subsystem higher education in tourism, especially in the European case. This article has two objectives: firstly, describes the European higher education area and the objectives, skills and subjects taught in the main Spanish universities that offer higher education in tourism. On the other hand, in the light of knowledge that researchers' descriptive models, provide experience of the implementation of European credit and thorough a deeply review of the literature on the topic higher education in tourism, to propose strategies that will enable other tourism higher education systems approach to the European reality. These policy proposals are aimed at agents and elements from higher education in tourism subsystem and they specifically include: the institutions providing education in tourism, the curriculum, the teaching methods, teachers and students.