991 resultados para Hospitals - administration


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Cette thèse vise une meilleure compréhension des enjeux et rapports de force liés au plurilinguisme dans une institution publique. Son terrain d'investigation est constitué par l'Administration fédérale suisse, propice pour étudier les questions ayant trait à la représentativité linguistique, l'idéologie langagière, la politique linguistique et les pratiques linguistiques sur le lieu de travail. La théorie de la bureaucratie représentative constitue le point de départ de mon cadre théorique. Selon celle-ci, les administrations publiques devraient représenter tous les groupes sociaux de leur pays. Leur personnel devrait « refléter » la diversité de cette population pour des raisons d'égalité, de légitimité et de stabilité politique. Cependant, le critère linguistique est rarement étudié dans ce cadre. Afin de combler ce manque de théorie, je me suis tournée vers la théorie politique, la sociologie des organisations et la sociolinguistique critique. Mes données sont constituées de 49 entretiens semi-directifs menés dans deux offices fédéraux, ainsi que des textes officiels réglementant le plurilinguisme et la représentativité linguistique à l'Administration fédérale. J'ai ainsi confronté les conceptions des collaborateurs sur le plurilinguisme - exprimées dans les entretiens - avec celles de l'institution, reflétées dans sa politique linguistique. Mon analyse a démontré que, selon les acteurs ou le contexte, les enjeux liés au plurilinguisme se situent à des niveaux distincts : lorsque l'institution s'efforce de créer un lieu de travail affichant l'égalité des langues officielles, les collaborateurs perçoivent le plurilinguisme comme un élément parmi d'autres qui influence l'efficacité de leur travail. L'intérêt de cette recherche se situe tout aussi bien au niveau pratique que théorique: d'une part, mes observations définissent certaines «barrières» empêchant les pratiques linguistiques plurilingues et une représentativité linguistique proportionnelle à celle du pays. Elles contribuent ainsi à une réflexion concrète sur la manière de les surmonter. D'autre part, l'application au plurilinguisme, dans une institution publique, de concepts et modèles théoriques issus de disciplines variées permet d'ouvrir un regard neuf sur ceux-ci.

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The evaluation of the competences acquired by the students in the context of a university education system is needed to enable professors to develop teaching-learning processes tailored to students" needs. The main goal of this paper is to analyze in depth the profile of the acquired competences of the bachelor students in Business Administration subjects. In that sense, this paper explains an experience in assessing bachelor student"s competences by applying an ICT-based digital platform designed for the selfassessment of personal and social competences. In particular, we apply an evaluation tool which was specifically designed for self-evaluating the project managers" generic and specific competences. The authors of this research have previous experience in implementing this evaluation tool in the subjects of Business Administration, Operations Management and Strategic Management taught in the Faculty of Economics and Business of the University of Barcelona. In this paper, the results show that there exist significant differences in the self-evaluation of competences depending on the respondent gender. This kind of tools benefits the three parties involved: students, university managers and organizations, and should be applied along the Bachelor as a transversal project and adapt the programs to achieve graduate students with higher levels of social and personal competences, as demanded by the labour market.

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OBJECTIVES: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. We evaluated the adequacy of prescribing (miss and under used) with respect to STOPP-START criteria. METHODS: A sample of 100 patients hospitalized in cardiovascular specialty divisions (medicine or surgery) or in the different sectors making up the geriatric network (day-care hospital, short or rehabilitation ward, nursing home) has been considered. Drug prescriptions at the admission time were analysed. RESULTS: Eight hundred and seventy-four prescriptions were analysed. In 65% of patients, from 5 to 10 medications were prescribed and in 28% over 10. Fifty-four percent of patients had, at least, one potentially inappropriate prescription (PIP) by STOPP. Among them, 48% of PIP prescriptions contained 1, 41% 2 and 11% 3 or more. The omission of one medication according to START criteria concerned 57% of the sample. Among them, 46% had one omission, 44% 2 to 3 and 10% 4 omissions or over. The cardiovascular system is the one most concerned by the PIP. Whether 28.1% of the PIP by STOPP criteria concerned cardiovascular drugs, the omission of prescription, according to START criteria, was 41.8%. There was no significant difference between the different settings studied. There was no effect of age or sex on the impact of PIP (P>0.20) or being polymédiqué (P=0.44). According to the criteria STOPP-A, the prescription of antiplatelet (indication and dose) was highlighted. Prescribing omission also concerned antiplatelet agents but also statins in patients with atherosclerosis as well as antiplatelet and anticoagulant in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) after myocardial infarction or with chronic heart failure. CONCLUSION: Potentially inappropriate prescribing medications were very common in elderly patients with cardiovascular conditions. They concerned as much as underusing of important drugs with potential benefits and prescribing commission of treatment that did not fit with patients' comorbidities and/or characteristics.

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This articles describes three models which played a key role in the evolution of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and all the organizations which contribute to the staging of the Olympic Games and constitute the Olympic System, from its beginnings in 1894 to the present day. This evolution and the addition of many stakeholders has increased the complexity of the management of the Olympic System over the years from pure Olympic administration (when the IOC headquarters moved to Lausanne in 1915) to Olympic network governance which must take into consideration more than 24 types of stakeholders, including goverments and intergovernmental organizations.