Comportamento dos óxidos de ferro da fração argila e do fósforo adsorvido, em diferentes sistemas de colheita de cana-de-açúcar

In agriculture, the search for higher crop yields based on sustainable soil management has led to a gradual pursuit of knowledge of the variables related to production systems. The identification of the causes of variability of these properties has become a part of strategic planning in the sugar and ethanol industry. This study investigated the spatial variability of iron oxides in the clay fraction and its relationship to soil physical and chemical properties in different sugarcane cultivation systems in the region of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State. Two 1-ha plots were outlined in areas with mechanical and manual harvesting systems. Soil samples were taken at 126 points from the 0.00-0.25 m layer in both areas. The mineralogical and chemical data were subjected to geostatistical analyses, to determine the spatial dependence, semivariograms and kriging maps of the properties. To analyze the correlation between the parameters cross-semivariograms were constructed. The spatial variability of chemical properties was greater in areas with mechanical harvesting than burnt harvesting (manual harvesting), whereas the range of the mineralogical properties was largest in the area of green-harvested sugarcane. The properties organic matter, mean crystal diameter goethite had a negatively spatial correlation, while clay was positive correlated with P sorption in the two sugarcane harvest systems.

Crescimento e produtividade de cana-de-açúcar em função da disponibilidade hídrica dos Tabuleiros Costeiros de Alagoas

The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction among meteorological variables and yield components of six sugarcane varieties and to establish appropriate varietal management at the Coastal Tablelands of the Alagoas State (Brazil). The sugarcane planting was carried out in September 2005, and three cane harvests were made in November 2006, 2007 and 2008. The experimental design was in randomized block with six treatments consisting of the varieties RB863129, RB867515, RB92579, RB93509, RB931003 and RB951541, with four replications. The growth variables evaluated were number and length of stalks, leaf area index, and productivity of stalks and sugar. On average, the crop water balance showed water deficit of 869 mm between September and March and excess of 837 mm from April to August. The irregularity of rainfall in the Coastal Tablelands promoted differential responses in the development and productivity of varieties of sugarcane. Varieties RB93509 and RB931003 are considered options for the varietal management in this region.

Alterações morfoanatômicas foliares da cana-de-açúcar na fase de estabelecimento em condições de matocompetição

Aiming at the assessment of the production parameters and leaf tissues morph anatomical possible changes of the sugar cane RB 86 7515 variety in its establishment phase in the conditions of weed competition, a study over vases has been accomplished in the city of Dracena, São Paulo State, from April to June, 2010, at Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho. The species Brachiaria brizantha e Brachiaria decumbens, which are regarded as invaders, were used. It was also used the Completely Randomized Design with seven treatments and five repetitions, totalizing 35 lots or vases. The treatments ranged according to the number of Brachiaria brizantha and Brachiaria decumbens seeds, as it follows: T1 - no occurrence of weed competition; T2 - low occurrence of weed competition with Brachiaria brizantha; T3 - medium occurrence of weed competition with Brachiaria brizantha; T4 - high occurrence of weed competition with Brachiaria brizantha; T5 - low occurrence of weed competition with Brachiaria decumbens; T6 - medium occurrence of weed competition with Brachiaria decumbens, and T7 - high occurrence of weed competition with Brachiaria decumbens. There was an evaluation over the following issues after 60 days of the sugar cane plantation and the invading plants: the weight of the total dry matter of the plants, the thickness of the upper surface epidermis or adaxial, the thickness of the lower surface or abaxial, the thickness of the mesophill, the thickness of the limbo, the diameter of the xylematic vessels and the diameter of the phloem vessels. The weed competition of the species Brachiaria brizantha e Brachiaria decumbens, which are considered as invaders, provoked some reduction of the morph anatomical characteristics and of the sugar cane production. In general, the Brachiaria decumbens was the species which mostly influenced the leaf thickness of the sugar cane in negative aspects.

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de clones de cana-de-açúcar

The objective of this study was to identify clones of sugarcane with good stability and adaptability in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, and also identifying locations most representative for selection and experimentation. Ten clones and two commercial checks of medium-late maturation were evaluated in the first-ratoon of experiments harvested in August 2009, using bissegmented regression and AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis) methods. The results of two methods were compared and they evidenced that the clones RB975201, RB975157, RB975932, RB975242 and RB975162 are the most promising, showing higher production when compared to the checks, higher stability observed in one or both statistical methods and broader or more specific adaptability. The environment Tarumã presented higher stability and capacity to discriminate genotypes, allowing an ordering more reliable as compared to the overall mean of the environments tested.

Usos do solo na reforma do canavial: atributos físicos de latossolos, produtividade e qualidade da cana-de-açúcar no 3° corte

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Nutrição potássica em soqueira de cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Resistência de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar ao Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Mecanização do corte da cana-de-açúcar e desemprego: expectativas e desafios dos trabalhadores na região de catanduva/SP

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Produção de etanol utilizando mix de sorgo sacarino e cana-de-açúcar em processo de maturação

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Diversidade de Bacillus thuringiensis e seus genes cry e vip em amostras metagenômicas de DNA extraído do solo com cultivo de cana-de-açúcar e solo de floresta nativa em estações climáticas diferentes

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Quantificação de microrganismos ruminais de novilhos alimentados com cana-de-açúcar ou feno de tifton com diferentes relações volumoso:concentrado

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Dinâmica do metabolismo micromolecular da cana-de-açúcar em resposta à infecção com o fungo Puccinia kuehnii (ferrugem alaranjada)

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Efeito da cobertura do solo com palhiço de cana-de-açúcar na emergência de monocotiledôneas infestantes em campo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Influência da vinhaça e da palhada de cana-de-açúcar na sorção de herbicidas aplicados em diferentes solos

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Aplicação de boro e maturadores na pré-colheita da cana-de-açúcar em início e final de safra

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA