Avaliação do metabolismo oxidativo em cepas de Trypanosoma cruzi naturalmente resistentes ao benzonidazol

O agente etiológico da doença de Chagas, Trypanosoma cruzi, é responsável pela infecção de milhões de pessoas na América Latina. No momento há apenas dois fármacos disponíveis, o nifurtimox (5-nitrofurano), teve o uso descontinuado no Brasil, e o benzonidazol (2-nitroimidazole), embora ambos possuam ações limitadas, visto que dependem da fase da doença, das condições fisiológicas do hospedeiro, da suscetibilidade e variabilidade genética da cepa. Assim, a busca de novas moléculas torna-se urgente e necessária, bem como a compreensão do mecanismo de resistência aos fármacos tripanocidas. Alguns estudos relatam aumento na produção de enzimas que atuam na defesa celular, as quais, provavelmente, poderiam ser responsáveis pela resistência de certas cepas do parasita. Tais enzimas têm funções importantes na sobrevivência e crescimento dos parasitas: superóxido dismutase (SOD), uma metaloenzima que elimina radicais superóxido ao convertê-los em peróxido de hidrogênio e oxigênio molecular; old yellow enzyme (OYE), que é uma NADPH flavina oxidoredutase e pode estar envolvida na redução de substâncias tripanocidas; e, peroxiredoxina (Prx), que catalisa a redução de peróxidos. O objetivo deste projeto é avaliar a suscetibilidade de diferentes cepas ao benzonidazol, clonar, sequenciar e expressar enzimas possivelmente envolvidas na resistência a este fármaco e realizar análises morfológicas serão nos parasitos após serem expostos à substância em questão. Futuramente os anticorpos policlonais obtidos a partir das proteínas recombinantes de Prx, SOD e OYE serão empregados para avaliar o nível de expressão das mesmas em parasitas tratados e não tratados com o benzonidazol.

Marcadores de superfície de Células-tronco: estudo de reação cruzada inter-espécies

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent cells with fibroblastoid morphology and adherent to plastic. Furthermore, they can be obtained from different sources. Besides bone marrow, these cells are taken from umbilical cord blood, umbilical vein, saphenous vein, peripheral blood, arteries, liver and fetal pancreas, placenta, dental pulp and adipose tissue. MSCs derived from adipose tissue are important because of the abundant number of cells that can be obtained from this tissue, easy access and little discomfort to the patient. This study compared two techniques for obtaining MSCs from adipose tissue: mechanical dissociation (MD) and enzymatic digestion (ED). We also analyzed the inter-species cross-reactions using commercial monoclonal antibodies directed against surface antigens of stem cells from different species: mouse, horse, rabbit, monkey and human. We found that MD technique is favorable in relation to ED within 15 days of culture, and ED is more efficient in the first days of culture. The data also showed that MD causes less damage to cellular DNA. About inter-species cross-reactions, the monoclonal antibody A69 directed against stem cells from rabbits, which can be used in veterinary medicine, particularly in research involving horses

Influência da luz LED na cultura celular de Mieloma múltiplo murino–NS1 in vitro

A monoclonal antibody (mAb) is an important tool in medical biotechnology and the production of biopharmaceuticals, especially for disease diagnosis and treatment of infections, because the antibodies have a significant advantage over chemical agents used in conventional therapies . The last thirty years the technology of production of monoclonal antibodies developed mainly the technique of obtaining in vitro, but also of their production is laborious, the cost is high. A major element of the high cost of production is the fact that the long-term culture consumes a large amount of imported inputs with high added value. A major contribution of this work is to promote cell growth more quickly and efficiently. Currently, a great race to discover new technologies and techniques to synthesize new antibodies and significantly increase the production of murine mAbs. New technologies such as laser and LED are innovations and widespread in modern life, so much so that its use has proliferated worldwide, primarily in the medical field. Recent studies show a series of results from the influence of the LED light in biological tissues such as: increasing the rate of cell proliferation, increased production rate of fibroblasts, increasing the rate of synthesis of RNA and DNA synthesis of ATP, etc. To assess the contribution of the LED in the culture of Myeloma NS1murino compared to the standard procedure. - NS1 cells were provided and followed the criteria of culture medium of the Laboratory of Cellular Engineering Center of Botucatu (POPs). The same amount of cells was grown in bottles of 25 cm2 polystyrene Tissue Culture Treated, specifically marked and kept in special medium RPMI 1640 Gibco BRL  supplemented with fetal bovine serum 10%, essential amino acids and non-essential, glucose, insulin and antibiotics. It was used in LEDs Cromatek wavelength of 630nm, 475nm and 530nm. The groups were... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Efeito do diabetes sobre o crescimento puberal da próstata de rato: avaliação hormonal, imunocitoquímica e bioquímica

Adequate testosterone levels are necessary for the development, growth and maintenance of the male reproductive system. Testosterone deficiency is common in men with diabetes in whom it may contribute to impaired performance, with consequent reduction of the activity of the androgen regulated organs, such as the prostate. However, little attention has been given to the plasma dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level, the most potent androgen, nor to the expression of the androgen receptor (AR), insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-1) and receptor (IGF-1R) in target tissues. Here, we investigated the effect of type I diabetes mellitus on DHT plasma levels and on prostate AR, IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression during rat pubertal growth. Diabetes was induced in prepubertal male rats through administration of streptozotocin (STZ; 40 mg/kg). Diabetic, diabetic treated with insulin, and age-matched control animals were killed by overdoses of pentobarbital. The ventral prostatic lobe (VP) was dissected, weighed and processed for immunohistochemistry for AR, IGF-1 e IGF-1R; plasma T and DHT levels were also determined. Hyperglycemia at puberty reduced VP weight gain to about 50% and plasma T level to about 80% of the control levels. In contrast there were no changes in plasma DHT levels. Insulin replacement restored the VP weight gain, but not the plasma T levels, which remained 90% below the ones of controls. Immunohistochemistry showed that AR, IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression in the prostate epithelial cells did not change with hyperglycemia or insulin replacement. Thus, the AR expression in the prostate epithelial cells appears to be regulated by DHT, and to a minor extent it also controls glandular growth

Consultas de enfermagem com pacientes em tratamento para hepatite C

Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a worldwide problem of public health and who estimates 2.5% to 4.9% of infection by this virus among the population. This means that there are 3.9 to 7.6 million people at risk of developing cirrhosis or liver cancer. In Brazil, 20% to 58% of patients with chronic liver disease have antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). To characterize the profile of patients undergoing treatment for hepatitis C in the Ambulatory General HC-FMB/UNESP, identify aspects of the disease and the phases of nursing process addressed during consultation. Transverse and descriptive study involving 38 patients undergoing treatment for Hepatitis C in Ambulatory General Area (Viral Hepatitis) in the period from July to September 2010. The population consisted of 38 patients, most of the males with completed higher education level, Catholic, married and aged predominantly between 41 and 60 years. Among the drugs used, we find the use of antihypertensive, antidepressant / anxiolytic and antidiabetic / hypoglycemic. With respect to specific medications used to treat hepatitis C, we found the use mainly of alfapeguinterferona 2b + ribavirin. The drugs used were complementary erythropoietin and filgastrim. There was a predominance of fibrosis 2 (F2) and genotype 1 (G1). Regarding the means of contamination, it was stressed blood transfusion and injection drug use. The most frequent drug reactions were decreased appetite, weight loss and discouragement. : The Nursing Process is considered a valuable tool in caring for patients with hepatitis C, because it works as identifying aspects of lifestyle, needs and potential of these patients and allows the deployment of humanized care strategies aimed at reduction of health hazards and improving the quality of life of these patients

Isoeritrólise neonatal eqüina

Equine neonatal isoerythrolysis is a neonatal foals’ illness. Results from the incompatibility of blood type between the foal and the mare and mediated by maternal antibody absorbed by the colostrum against foal’s red blood cells. Characterized by a type ll hypersensitivity reaction, where the exhibition of the organism to a strange antigen, that it takes the sensitization of the lymphocytes B that after the removal of the antigens by the reticule-endothelial system the production of immunoglobulin is decreased, with the formation of cellular immunological will cause the occurrence of the illness in foal of sensitized mares. The most important clinical signs are severe anemia and jaundice, and this illness should be differentiated of other as: hemolysis induced by bacterial toxins, diseases of the hepatobiliary system, disseminated intravascular coagulation and incompatibility in blood transfusions. Like the sensitization happens during the previous incompatible foal’s birth, most cases occur in foals of multiparous mares. However during the first pregnancy the mare can generate a foal with neonatal 7 isoerythrolysis if she have developed placental anomaly in the beginning of the pregnancy which blood cells in her circulation

Proposição de uma nova vacina para Brucelose bovina usando uma abordagem biotecnológica

A utilização de novas tecnologias empregando a biologia molecular busca superar os principais problemas encontrados nas vacinas atualmente comercializadas no combate à brucelose bovina. Desta forma, a identificação de proteínas imunogênicas e a posterior transformação dos genes correspondentes em micro-organismos competentes tem sido um dos principais alvos para o desenvolvimento de novas formas de controle da infecção. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor, em base teórica, uma vacina de eficácia e segurança superiores às encontradas atualmente no mercado contra a brucelose bovina, antropozoonose contagiosa provocada principalmente pela espécie Brucella abortus. Essa enfermidade produz infecção característica em bovinos e bubalinos e é infecciosa ao homem, causando doença crônica que leva à incapacidade parcial ou total para o trabalho. Por ter distribuição universal, acarreta problemas sanitário e de saúde pública importantes e grandes prejuízos econômicos. A vacina proposta visa o desenvolvimento de microorganismos transformados contendo genes de proteínas de potencial imunológico que, após purificação, são usadas para o combate da doença. As proteínas recombinantes abordadas no presente estudo são as proteína ribossomal L7/L12 e a lumazina sintetase que, ao serem utilizadas em uma vacina subcelular, diferente das comercializadas atualmente, induzem resposta de longa duração, não induzem a produção de anticorpos que interfiram no diagnóstico e não são patogênicas ao homem.

Avaliação do efeito terapêutico da associação proteoglicano /vitamina D3 na artrite experimental

A artrite reumatóide (AR) é uma doença inflamatória crônica de caráter autoimune que compromete as articulações. A maioria das terapias aprovadas para o tratamento desta e outras patologias autoimunes é baseada na inibição global da resposta imune, o que aumenta a susceptibilidade aos agentes infeciosos. O objetivo geral deste projeto foi definir se a associação de vitamina D (VitD3) com o antígeno proteoglicano (PG) é tolerogênica e serve como medida terapêutica. Para isso, utilizamos o modelo de artrite experimental obtido pela imunização de camundongos BALB/c com PG. Inicialmente, os animais foram imunizados com diferentes doses do antígeno específico (PG) na presença de VitD3 para determinação da dose tolerogênica. O potencial terapêutico da estratégia mais tolerogênica foi testado no período pré-clínico da doença, isto é, no período após o aparecimento do nível máximo de anticorpos anti-PG, mas antes das manifestações clínicas da artrite (eritema e edema articular). A eficácia terapêutica foi avaliada através da incidência de artrite e do escore clínico da doença. O possível mecanismo imunológico envolvido no efeito terapêutico foi estudado por avaliação dos níveis de citocinas (IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10 e IL-17) produzidas por células esplênicas estimuladas in vitro com PG. Analisados em conjunto, os resultados obtidos mostraram que os três procedimentos (PG, VitD3 e PG+VitD3) determinaram efeito terapêutico. Entretanto, a análise mais detalhada, incluindo número de animais com escore clínico maior que oito (escore > 8), início dos sintomas clínicos e escore máximo atingido, sugere que o uso de PG50 (50μg de PG) associado à VitD3 ou o uso isolado de VitD3 foram os procedimentos terapêuticos mais eficazes. A produção mais elevada de IL-10 nestes dois grupos sugere contribuição desta citocina neste efeito terapêutico

Pênfigo Foliáceo em cães

Pemphigus complex in animals is considered rare, but not so when compared with the occurrence of other autoimmune diseases. Pemphigus Foliaceus in dogs is the most common varieties of pemphigus and is characterized clinically by intraepidermal pustules, starting on the face and ears, pads, groin, and may become multifocal or generalized in six months. As the pustules are very fragile, the lesions usually found are secondary, which may range from dry to collarettes epidermal crusting, and nasal depigmentation. The diagnosis is difficult because presents sintomatology similar to other diseases and laboratory diagnosis more precise through the histopathological examination of pustules integrate (biopsy), which are rarely found. The treatment, although of the individual treatment regimen, is based on treating opportunistic diseases and immunosuppressing the animal in order to decrease the production of autoantibodies. The drugs of choice depend on the clinical presentation, however is usually oral prednisone and azathioprine in the dog and combined immunosuppressive therapy. Should make use daily until the disease is inactive and gradually decrease the dose until have the minimum effective dose, preferably on alternate days for the remission of the disease. Prognosis of pemphigus varies according to disease stage and treatment established. Pemphigus foliaceus is less serious nonetheless might be fatal without treatment

Epidemiologia da infecção por Leptospira spp. em áreas rurais nos biomas brasileiros

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Desenvolvimento e avaliação de uma vacina inativada contra estirpe variante brasileira do vírus da bronquite infecciosa aviária

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Avaliação da expressão proteica de PTEN, MDM2, P53 e AR em lesões proliferativas da próstata canina

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Fator de crescimento do endotélio vascular e do transportador de glicose 1 em cães com ceratose actínica e carcinoma de células escamosas

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Polimorfismos de genes associados à resposta imune humoral em indivíduos naturalmente infectados pelo Plasmodium vivax no Estado do Pará

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desenvolvimento de imunossensor baseado na imobilização de anticorpo monoclonal em fibroína da seda para diagnóstico rápido da cisticercose bovina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)