The Course of Conflict. A Study in the Thought of Paul Ricoeur

Esta tese leva a cabo uma clarificação conceptual e uma reconstrução histórica da noção de conflito, tal como ela aparece na filosofia. Num primeiro momento, analisa-se o fenómeno do conflito na fonte Grega (em Homero, Heraclito, Platão, nas tragédias gregas e nas formas de interação agonística no espaço público) e na filosofia moderna (principalmente em Kant, Hegel e Marx). Num segundo momento, estabelece-se, nos seus traços gerais, uma cartografia da recuperação desta noção na contemporaneidade através da discussão das contribuições provenientes da teoria crítica (Habermas, Honneth, Hunyadi), da sociologia pragmática (Boltanski, Thévenot) e da filosofia política anglo-saxónica (Rawls, Walzer, Taylor), entre outras. Estas partes iniciais da tese desembocam numa análise aprofundada da obra do filósofo francês Paul Ricoeur e das muitas instanciações do conflito nessa obra, naquilo a que chamo o “percurso do conflito” no pensamento de Ricoeur. Neste “percurso do conflito” o objetivo é duplo: por um lado, provar que o conflito é a pedra de toque não só da filosofia de Ricoeur, mas também de um grande conjunto de outros autores; por outro lado, que é necessário reavaliar o papel desta noção no debate contemporâneo e que nesse contexto a filosofia de Ricoeur e as suas análises finas e plurais podem ser de uma grande utilidade. Assim sendo, este “percurso do conflito” divide-se em três partes, as quais lidam com diferentes tipos de conflito: conflitos “existenciais”, “hermenêuticos” e “práticos”. Ao longo destas partes, várias disciplinas são chamadas à colação, como a hermenêutica, a psicanálise e a filosofia prática (ética, filosofia política e filosofia social), numa tentativa de esclarecer os diferentes fenómenos em causa. Em última instância, chega-se à conclusão que o conflito é inevitável em filosofia, tal como na vida, mas que este não é (pelo menos não em todas as suas formas e instanciações) um fenómeno estritamente negativo; por vezes, os conflitos podem ser criativos e positivos. Porém, aceitar este facto implica igualmente consentir que o reconhecimento dos conflitos está intrinsecamente ligado à busca de soluções para eles, formas de lidar com eles e torná-los criativos e positivos. Para que possa ser compreendido, em traços gerais, como é que estes procedimentos funcionam, esta tese elabora uma tipologia de diferentes tipos de conflito e respetivas formas de lidar com eles, mediando-os, conciliando-os ou, nalguns casos, apenas aceitando a sua existência e mesmo multiplicando-os. A busca da melhor solução tem sempre de ser operada caso a caso. Nas partes finais da tese, e partindo das análises de Ricoeur e dos outro autores apresentadas ao longo da mesma, delineia-se o projeto de uma filosofia social hermenêutica e argumenta-se que aquilo de que precisamos hoje em dia é de uma nova crítica da razão, uma “crítica da razão miserável” que possa repensar o mundo social em novos termos e que, ao fazê-lo, possa evitar os perigos do reducionismo nas suas múltiplas formas.

Two Technological Dystopias: Le monde tel que'il sera and Alpha Ralpha Boulevard

The aim of this paper is to corn pare two technological dystopias: Emile Souvestre's Le Monde tel qu'il sera (1846) and Cordwainer Smith's "Alpha Ralpha Boulevard" (1961). Both texts present dystopian societies experienced by many of its inhabitants as being the best of possible worlds. The above authors question the massive use of technology, worry about what technology can do to human beings, how it can dehumanize them. They reveal serious social and moral concerns regarding the less privileged. These are excluded from the benefits of"Utopia" while making it possible. Both authors are childs of.. their time: they live in a period of national pride, they can see the shadows behind the luminous, the dangers resulting from human beings playing God with nature and humanity. Also, they are innovators: Souvestre announces dystopian science fiction and Smith renews with the genre announcing the New Wave movement in Anglo-American science fiction.

The scramble for the seas : the ballad evidence of Sir Andrew Barton

The presence and importance of the sea as a factor that has helped shape the history of England since at least the Roman invasions of 55-54 BC (less successful, incidentally, than most of Caesar’s other military ventures ...) need no particular urging or demonstration. Nonetheless, a bird’s-eye view would necessarily survey the waves of invasions and settlements that, one after the other, came dashing over the centuries upon England’s shores; not to mention the requested invasion of 1688, Angles and Saxons, Scandinavians, Normans, they all crossed the whale’s path and cast anchor in England’s green and pleasant land. In the course of this retrospective voyage through the oceans of History, one would inevitably stop at the so-called ‘Discoveries’ of the 15th-16th centuries, meet their navigators, sailors and pirates extolled by Richard Hakluyt (1553?-1616), face an anonymous crowd of merchants and witness the huge expansion of trade, largely to the benefit of the ‘discovering’ countries as prescribed by the economic Gospel Adam Smith (1723-90) would later baptize as “mercantilism”.

Cooperação e conflito entre britânicos e portugueses na Ásia. Dos primeiros contactos em Bombaim (c.1600-1740)

A aquisição da ilha de Bombaim pela coroa inglesa e a consequente convivência fronteiriça com o Estado da Índia constituiu uma novidade relacional e diplomática entre os poderes português e britânico, não só no Índico como em todo o espaço ultramarino. Esta nova situação projectou a recentemente forjada e renovada aliança anglo-portuguesa para um diferente plano, até então não experienciado. De facto, o acordo de 1661 estipulou que o Estado da Índia entregasse parte do seu território a uma coroa europeia, o que significava uma mudança no seu paradigma de actuação e a partilha de fronteiras comuns com um vizinho europeu, “consentido” e aliado. A isto adicionava-se o facto da população residente em Bombaim, constituída por uma forte comunidade de grandes foreiros portugueses e jesuítas, passar a estar sujeita aos dictames da coroa inglesa. Todos estes pressupostos constituíram uma novidade para o Estado da Índia e para os seus súbditos e exigiram, necessariamente, uma adaptação no modo de interacção com tão próximo vizinho. O mesmo se terá passado com os oficiais britânicos, numa primeira fase da coroa (1665-1668) e doravante da East India Company, para quem o domínio territorial no espaço asiático constituía uma experiência nova. Esta realidade tão próxima entre as duas potências europeias originou, necessariamente, a eclosão de problemas e tensões entre as duas estruturas de poder. Será a partir desta conjuntura sugestiva que procuraremos compreender como o entendimento anglo-português na Europa foi transposto e gerido na esfera ultramarina, através da análise do caso paradigmático de Bombaim. A gestão da aliança naquele espaço assumiu contornos específicos e de difícil administração, pois a distância ditava uma maior autonomia decisória das autoridades de Goa e Bombaim, nem sempre em consonância com as directrizes europeias. A interacção na região de Bombaim e espaços adjacentes foi pautada pela flexibilidade e, por isso, caracterizou-se por momentos de antagonismo, cooperação e conflito aberto. Nestes “encontros de (in)conveniência”, ambos os lados procuraram tirar partido das dinâmicas conjunturais da política indiana, o mesmo aplicando-se no sentido inverso, adaptando-se alinhamentos e rupturas consoante os interesses imediatos. Bombaim foi, assim, singular no relacionamento anglo-português na Ásia, o que não implica que não se procure compreender as ressonâncias da interação entre portugueses e britânicos noutros espaços do subcontinente indiano (como Madrasta) ou contrapor os modos de actuação da EIC noutros locais (como Cochim). Na dissertação em curso, propomos efectuar um estudo de longo tempo, que analise de forma sistemática a transversal as dinâmicas relacionais entre britânicos e portugueses desde a introdução britânica na Ásia até à perda portuguesa da Província

Ownership Effects on Unrelated Diversification: An Institutions' Perspective

Purpose To show that differences in the extent to which firms engage in unrelated diversification can be attributed to differences in ownership structure. Methodology/approach We draw on longitudinal data and use a panel analysis specification to test our hypotheses. Findings We find that unrelated diversification destroys value; pressure-sensitive Anglo-American owners in a firm’s equity reduce unrelated diversification, whereas pressure-resistant domestic owners increase unrelated diversification; the greater the firm’s free cash flow, the greater the negative effect of pressure-sensitive Anglo-American owners on unrelated diversification. Research limitations/implications We contribute to corporate governance and strategy research by bringing in owners’ institutional origin as a shaper of owner preferences in particular with regards to unrelated diversification. Future research may expand our investigation to more than one home institutional context, and theorize on institutional origin effects beyond the dichotomy between Anglo-American and non-Anglo-American (not oriented toward shareholder value maximization) owners. Practical implications Policy makers, financial analysts, owners, and managers may want to reflect about the implications of ownership structure, as well as promoting or joining corporations with particular ownership configurations. Social implications A shareholder value-destroying strategy, such as unrelated diversification has adverse consequences for society at large, in terms of opportunity costs, that is, resources could be allocated to value-creating activities instead. Promoting an ownership configuration that creates value should contribute to social welfare. Originality/value Owners may not be exclusively driven by shareholder value maximization, but can be influenced by normative beliefs (biases) stemming from the institutional context they originate from.

Chinois 7476-7484

Contient : I創世歴代傳Zhuan shi li dai zhuan ; II出以至比多地傳Chu yi zhi bi duo di zhuan ; III利未氐古傳書（alias 書傳）Li wei di gu chuan shu (alias shu zhuan) ; IV算民數書傳 ; V複講法律傳Fou jiang fa lü zhuan ; VI若書亞之傳Ruo shu ya zhi zhuan ; VII審司書傳Shen si shu zhuan ; VIII路得氏傳書Lu de shi chuan shu ; IX撒母以勒書Sa mu yi le shu ; X列王書傳Lie wang shu zhuan ; XI歷代史紀書傳Li dai shi ji shu zhuan ; XII以士拉傳書Yi shi la chuan shu ; XIII尼希米亞之書Ni xi mi ya zhi shu ; XIV以士得耳之書Yi shi de er zhi shu ; XV若百之書Ruo bo zhi shu ; XVI神詩書Shen shi shu ; XVII諺語傳書Yan yu chuan shu ; XVIII宣道傳Xuan dao zhuan ; alias : 倚基理西亞書Yi ji li xi ya shu ; XIX所羅門之歌Suo luo men zhi ge ; XX先知以賽亞書Xian zhi yi sai ya shu ; XXI先知耶利米亞書Xian zhi ye li mi ya shu ; alias : 達未來者耶利米亞傳書Da wei lai zhe ye li mi ya chuan shu ; XXII耶利米亞悲難歌Ye li mi ya bei tan ge ; XXIII先知依西其理書Xian zhi yi xi qi li shu ; XXIV先知（alias 達未來者）但依理書Xian zhi (alias Da wei lai zhe) dan yi li shu ; XXV十二先知者之傳書。何西亞之書Shi er xian zhi zhe zhi chuan shu. He xi ya zhi shu ; XXVI若以利之書Ruo yi li zhi shu ; XXVII亞麼士書Ya mo shi shu ; XXVIII阿巴氐亞書E ba di ya shu ; XXIX若拿傳書Ruo na chuan shu ; XXX米加傳書Mi jia chuan shu ; XXXI拿戶馬傳書Na hu ma chuan shu ; XXXII夏巴古傳書Xia ba gu chuan shu ; XXXIII洗法尼亞傳書Xi fa ni ya chuan shu ; XXXIV夏哀傳書Xia ai chuan shu ; XXXV洗革利亞傳書Xi ke li ya chuan shu ; XXXVI達未來者馬拉其傳書Da wei lai zhe ma la qi chuan shu ; XXXVII救世我主耶穌新遺詔書。聖馬竇傳福音書Jiu shi wo zhu ye su xin yi zhao shu. Sheng ma dou chuan fu yin shu ; XXXVIII聖馬耳可傳福音書Sheng ma er ke chuan fu yin shu ; XXXIX聖路加傳福音書Sheng lu jia chuan fu yin shu ; XL聖若翰傳福音之書Sheng ruo han chuan fu yin zhi shu ; XLI使徒行傳Shi tu xing zhuan ; XLII聖保羅使徒書Sheng bao luo shi tu shu ; XLIII者米士或稱牙可百之公書Zhe mi shi huo cheng ya ke bai zhi gong shu ; XLIV聖彼多羅之公書Sheng bi duo luo zhi gong shu ; XLV聖若翰之書Sheng ruo han zhi shu ; XLVI聖如大或稱如大士之公書Sheng ru da huo cheng ru da shi zhi gong shu ; XLVII聖若翰現示之書Sheng ruo han xian shi zhi shu

Chinois 7476-7484

Contient : I創世歴代傳Zhuan shi li dai zhuan ; II出以至比多地傳Chu yi zhi bi duo di zhuan ; III利未氐古傳書（alias 書傳）Li wei di gu chuan shu (alias shu zhuan) ; IV算民數書傳 ; V複講法律傳Fou jiang fa lü zhuan ; VI若書亞之傳Ruo shu ya zhi zhuan ; VII審司書傳Shen si shu zhuan ; VIII路得氏傳書Lu de shi chuan shu ; IX撒母以勒書Sa mu yi le shu ; X列王書傳Lie wang shu zhuan ; XI歷代史紀書傳Li dai shi ji shu zhuan ; XII以士拉傳書Yi shi la chuan shu ; XIII尼希米亞之書Ni xi mi ya zhi shu ; XIV以士得耳之書Yi shi de er zhi shu ; XV若百之書Ruo bo zhi shu ; XVI神詩書Shen shi shu ; XVII諺語傳書Yan yu chuan shu ; XVIII宣道傳Xuan dao zhuan ; alias : 倚基理西亞書Yi ji li xi ya shu ; XIX所羅門之歌Suo luo men zhi ge ; XX先知以賽亞書Xian zhi yi sai ya shu ; XXI先知耶利米亞書Xian zhi ye li mi ya shu ; alias : 達未來者耶利米亞傳書Da wei lai zhe ye li mi ya chuan shu ; XXII耶利米亞悲難歌Ye li mi ya bei tan ge ; XXIII先知依西其理書Xian zhi yi xi qi li shu ; XXIV先知（alias 達未來者）但依理書Xian zhi (alias Da wei lai zhe) dan yi li shu ; XXV十二先知者之傳書。何西亞之書Shi er xian zhi zhe zhi chuan shu. He xi ya zhi shu ; XXVI若以利之書Ruo yi li zhi shu ; XXVII亞麼士書Ya mo shi shu ; XXVIII阿巴氐亞書E ba di ya shu ; XXIX若拿傳書Ruo na chuan shu ; XXX米加傳書Mi jia chuan shu ; XXXI拿戶馬傳書Na hu ma chuan shu ; XXXII夏巴古傳書Xia ba gu chuan shu ; XXXIII洗法尼亞傳書Xi fa ni ya chuan shu ; XXXIV夏哀傳書Xia ai chuan shu ; XXXV洗革利亞傳書Xi ke li ya chuan shu ; XXXVI達未來者馬拉其傳書Da wei lai zhe ma la qi chuan shu ; XXXVII救世我主耶穌新遺詔書。聖馬竇傳福音書Jiu shi wo zhu ye su xin yi zhao shu. Sheng ma dou chuan fu yin shu ; XXXVIII聖馬耳可傳福音書Sheng ma er ke chuan fu yin shu ; XXXIX聖路加傳福音書Sheng lu jia chuan fu yin shu ; XL聖若翰傳福音之書Sheng ruo han chuan fu yin zhi shu ; XLI使徒行傳Shi tu xing zhuan ; XLII聖保羅使徒書Sheng bao luo shi tu shu ; XLIII者米士或稱牙可百之公書Zhe mi shi huo cheng ya ke bai zhi gong shu ; XLIV聖彼多羅之公書Sheng bi duo luo zhi gong shu ; XLV聖若翰之書Sheng ruo han zhi shu ; XLVI聖如大或稱如大士之公書Sheng ru da huo cheng ru da shi zhi gong shu ; XLVII聖若翰現示之書Sheng ruo han xian shi zhi shu

Chinois 7476-7484

Contient : I創世歴代傳Zhuan shi li dai zhuan ; II出以至比多地傳Chu yi zhi bi duo di zhuan ; III利未氐古傳書（alias 書傳）Li wei di gu chuan shu (alias shu zhuan) ; IV算民數書傳 ; V複講法律傳Fou jiang fa lü zhuan ; VI若書亞之傳Ruo shu ya zhi zhuan ; VII審司書傳Shen si shu zhuan ; VIII路得氏傳書Lu de shi chuan shu ; IX撒母以勒書Sa mu yi le shu ; X列王書傳Lie wang shu zhuan ; XI歷代史紀書傳Li dai shi ji shu zhuan ; XII以士拉傳書Yi shi la chuan shu ; XIII尼希米亞之書Ni xi mi ya zhi shu ; XIV以士得耳之書Yi shi de er zhi shu ; XV若百之書Ruo bo zhi shu ; XVI神詩書Shen shi shu ; XVII諺語傳書Yan yu chuan shu ; XVIII宣道傳Xuan dao zhuan ; alias : 倚基理西亞書Yi ji li xi ya shu ; XIX所羅門之歌Suo luo men zhi ge ; XX先知以賽亞書Xian zhi yi sai ya shu ; XXI先知耶利米亞書Xian zhi ye li mi ya shu ; alias : 達未來者耶利米亞傳書Da wei lai zhe ye li mi ya chuan shu ; XXII耶利米亞悲難歌Ye li mi ya bei tan ge ; XXIII先知依西其理書Xian zhi yi xi qi li shu ; XXIV先知（alias 達未來者）但依理書Xian zhi (alias Da wei lai zhe) dan yi li shu ; XXV十二先知者之傳書。何西亞之書Shi er xian zhi zhe zhi chuan shu. He xi ya zhi shu ; XXVI若以利之書Ruo yi li zhi shu ; XXVII亞麼士書Ya mo shi shu ; XXVIII阿巴氐亞書E ba di ya shu ; XXIX若拿傳書Ruo na chuan shu ; XXX米加傳書Mi jia chuan shu ; XXXI拿戶馬傳書Na hu ma chuan shu ; XXXII夏巴古傳書Xia ba gu chuan shu ; XXXIII洗法尼亞傳書Xi fa ni ya chuan shu ; XXXIV夏哀傳書Xia ai chuan shu ; XXXV洗革利亞傳書Xi ke li ya chuan shu ; XXXVI達未來者馬拉其傳書Da wei lai zhe ma la qi chuan shu ; XXXVII救世我主耶穌新遺詔書。聖馬竇傳福音書Jiu shi wo zhu ye su xin yi zhao shu. Sheng ma dou chuan fu yin shu ; XXXVIII聖馬耳可傳福音書Sheng ma er ke chuan fu yin shu ; XXXIX聖路加傳福音書Sheng lu jia chuan fu yin shu ; XL聖若翰傳福音之書Sheng ruo han chuan fu yin zhi shu ; XLI使徒行傳Shi tu xing zhuan ; XLII聖保羅使徒書Sheng bao luo shi tu shu ; XLIII者米士或稱牙可百之公書Zhe mi shi huo cheng ya ke bai zhi gong shu ; XLIV聖彼多羅之公書Sheng bi duo luo zhi gong shu ; XLV聖若翰之書Sheng ruo han zhi shu ; XLVI聖如大或稱如大士之公書Sheng ru da huo cheng ru da shi zhi gong shu ; XLVII聖若翰現示之書Sheng ruo han xian shi zhi shu

Chinois 7476-7484

Contient : I創世歴代傳Zhuan shi li dai zhuan ; II出以至比多地傳Chu yi zhi bi duo di zhuan ; III利未氐古傳書（alias 書傳）Li wei di gu chuan shu (alias shu zhuan) ; IV算民數書傳 ; V複講法律傳Fou jiang fa lü zhuan ; VI若書亞之傳Ruo shu ya zhi zhuan ; VII審司書傳Shen si shu zhuan ; VIII路得氏傳書Lu de shi chuan shu ; IX撒母以勒書Sa mu yi le shu ; X列王書傳Lie wang shu zhuan ; XI歷代史紀書傳Li dai shi ji shu zhuan ; XII以士拉傳書Yi shi la chuan shu ; XIII尼希米亞之書Ni xi mi ya zhi shu ; XIV以士得耳之書Yi shi de er zhi shu ; XV若百之書Ruo bo zhi shu ; XVI神詩書Shen shi shu ; XVII諺語傳書Yan yu chuan shu ; XVIII宣道傳Xuan dao zhuan ; alias : 倚基理西亞書Yi ji li xi ya shu ; XIX所羅門之歌Suo luo men zhi ge ; XX先知以賽亞書Xian zhi yi sai ya shu ; XXI先知耶利米亞書Xian zhi ye li mi ya shu ; alias : 達未來者耶利米亞傳書Da wei lai zhe ye li mi ya chuan shu ; XXII耶利米亞悲難歌Ye li mi ya bei tan ge ; XXIII先知依西其理書Xian zhi yi xi qi li shu ; XXIV先知（alias 達未來者）但依理書Xian zhi (alias Da wei lai zhe) dan yi li shu ; XXV十二先知者之傳書。何西亞之書Shi er xian zhi zhe zhi chuan shu. He xi ya zhi shu ; XXVI若以利之書Ruo yi li zhi shu ; XXVII亞麼士書Ya mo shi shu ; XXVIII阿巴氐亞書E ba di ya shu ; XXIX若拿傳書Ruo na chuan shu ; XXX米加傳書Mi jia chuan shu ; XXXI拿戶馬傳書Na hu ma chuan shu ; XXXII夏巴古傳書Xia ba gu chuan shu ; XXXIII洗法尼亞傳書Xi fa ni ya chuan shu ; XXXIV夏哀傳書Xia ai chuan shu ; XXXV洗革利亞傳書Xi ke li ya chuan shu ; XXXVI達未來者馬拉其傳書Da wei lai zhe ma la qi chuan shu ; XXXVII救世我主耶穌新遺詔書。聖馬竇傳福音書Jiu shi wo zhu ye su xin yi zhao shu. Sheng ma dou chuan fu yin shu ; XXXVIII聖馬耳可傳福音書Sheng ma er ke chuan fu yin shu ; XXXIX聖路加傳福音書Sheng lu jia chuan fu yin shu ; XL聖若翰傳福音之書Sheng ruo han chuan fu yin zhi shu ; XLI使徒行傳Shi tu xing zhuan ; XLII聖保羅使徒書Sheng bao luo shi tu shu ; XLIII者米士或稱牙可百之公書Zhe mi shi huo cheng ya ke bai zhi gong shu ; XLIV聖彼多羅之公書Sheng bi duo luo zhi gong shu ; XLV聖若翰之書Sheng ruo han zhi shu ; XLVI聖如大或稱如大士之公書Sheng ru da huo cheng ru da shi zhi gong shu ; XLVII聖若翰現示之書Sheng ruo han xian shi zhi shu

Chinois 7476-7484

Contient : I創世歴代傳Zhuan shi li dai zhuan ; II出以至比多地傳Chu yi zhi bi duo di zhuan ; III利未氐古傳書（alias 書傳）Li wei di gu chuan shu (alias shu zhuan) ; IV算民數書傳 ; V複講法律傳Fou jiang fa lü zhuan ; VI若書亞之傳Ruo shu ya zhi zhuan ; VII審司書傳Shen si shu zhuan ; VIII路得氏傳書Lu de shi chuan shu ; IX撒母以勒書Sa mu yi le shu ; X列王書傳Lie wang shu zhuan ; XI歷代史紀書傳Li dai shi ji shu zhuan ; XII以士拉傳書Yi shi la chuan shu ; XIII尼希米亞之書Ni xi mi ya zhi shu ; XIV以士得耳之書Yi shi de er zhi shu ; XV若百之書Ruo bo zhi shu ; XVI神詩書Shen shi shu ; XVII諺語傳書Yan yu chuan shu ; XVIII宣道傳Xuan dao zhuan ; alias : 倚基理西亞書Yi ji li xi ya shu ; XIX所羅門之歌Suo luo men zhi ge ; XX先知以賽亞書Xian zhi yi sai ya shu ; XXI先知耶利米亞書Xian zhi ye li mi ya shu ; alias : 達未來者耶利米亞傳書Da wei lai zhe ye li mi ya chuan shu ; XXII耶利米亞悲難歌Ye li mi ya bei tan ge ; XXIII先知依西其理書Xian zhi yi xi qi li shu ; XXIV先知（alias 達未來者）但依理書Xian zhi (alias Da wei lai zhe) dan yi li shu ; XXV十二先知者之傳書。何西亞之書Shi er xian zhi zhe zhi chuan shu. He xi ya zhi shu ; XXVI若以利之書Ruo yi li zhi shu ; XXVII亞麼士書Ya mo shi shu ; XXVIII阿巴氐亞書E ba di ya shu ; XXIX若拿傳書Ruo na chuan shu ; XXX米加傳書Mi jia chuan shu ; XXXI拿戶馬傳書Na hu ma chuan shu ; XXXII夏巴古傳書Xia ba gu chuan shu ; XXXIII洗法尼亞傳書Xi fa ni ya chuan shu ; XXXIV夏哀傳書Xia ai chuan shu ; XXXV洗革利亞傳書Xi ke li ya chuan shu ; XXXVI達未來者馬拉其傳書Da wei lai zhe ma la qi chuan shu ; XXXVII救世我主耶穌新遺詔書。聖馬竇傳福音書Jiu shi wo zhu ye su xin yi zhao shu. Sheng ma dou chuan fu yin shu ; XXXVIII聖馬耳可傳福音書Sheng ma er ke chuan fu yin shu ; XXXIX聖路加傳福音書Sheng lu jia chuan fu yin shu ; XL聖若翰傳福音之書Sheng ruo han chuan fu yin zhi shu ; XLI使徒行傳Shi tu xing zhuan ; XLII聖保羅使徒書Sheng bao luo shi tu shu ; XLIII者米士或稱牙可百之公書Zhe mi shi huo cheng ya ke bai zhi gong shu ; XLIV聖彼多羅之公書Sheng bi duo luo zhi gong shu ; XLV聖若翰之書Sheng ruo han zhi shu ; XLVI聖如大或稱如大士之公書Sheng ru da huo cheng ru da shi zhi gong shu ; XLVII聖若翰現示之書Sheng ruo han xian shi zhi shu

Chinois 7476-7484

Contient : I創世歴代傳Zhuan shi li dai zhuan ; II出以至比多地傳Chu yi zhi bi duo di zhuan ; III利未氐古傳書（alias 書傳）Li wei di gu chuan shu (alias shu zhuan) ; IV算民數書傳 ; V複講法律傳Fou jiang fa lü zhuan ; VI若書亞之傳Ruo shu ya zhi zhuan ; VII審司書傳Shen si shu zhuan ; VIII路得氏傳書Lu de shi chuan shu ; IX撒母以勒書Sa mu yi le shu ; X列王書傳Lie wang shu zhuan ; XI歷代史紀書傳Li dai shi ji shu zhuan ; XII以士拉傳書Yi shi la chuan shu ; XIII尼希米亞之書Ni xi mi ya zhi shu ; XIV以士得耳之書Yi shi de er zhi shu ; XV若百之書Ruo bo zhi shu ; XVI神詩書Shen shi shu ; XVII諺語傳書Yan yu chuan shu ; XVIII宣道傳Xuan dao zhuan ; alias : 倚基理西亞書Yi ji li xi ya shu ; XIX所羅門之歌Suo luo men zhi ge ; XX先知以賽亞書Xian zhi yi sai ya shu ; XXI先知耶利米亞書Xian zhi ye li mi ya shu ; alias : 達未來者耶利米亞傳書Da wei lai zhe ye li mi ya chuan shu ; XXII耶利米亞悲難歌Ye li mi ya bei tan ge ; XXIII先知依西其理書Xian zhi yi xi qi li shu ; XXIV先知（alias 達未來者）但依理書Xian zhi (alias Da wei lai zhe) dan yi li shu ; XXV十二先知者之傳書。何西亞之書Shi er xian zhi zhe zhi chuan shu. He xi ya zhi shu ; XXVI若以利之書Ruo yi li zhi shu ; XXVII亞麼士書Ya mo shi shu ; XXVIII阿巴氐亞書E ba di ya shu ; XXIX若拿傳書Ruo na chuan shu ; XXX米加傳書Mi jia chuan shu ; XXXI拿戶馬傳書Na hu ma chuan shu ; XXXII夏巴古傳書Xia ba gu chuan shu ; XXXIII洗法尼亞傳書Xi fa ni ya chuan shu ; XXXIV夏哀傳書Xia ai chuan shu ; XXXV洗革利亞傳書Xi ke li ya chuan shu ; XXXVI達未來者馬拉其傳書Da wei lai zhe ma la qi chuan shu ; XXXVII救世我主耶穌新遺詔書。聖馬竇傳福音書Jiu shi wo zhu ye su xin yi zhao shu. Sheng ma dou chuan fu yin shu ; XXXVIII聖馬耳可傳福音書Sheng ma er ke chuan fu yin shu ; XXXIX聖路加傳福音書Sheng lu jia chuan fu yin shu ; XL聖若翰傳福音之書Sheng ruo han chuan fu yin zhi shu ; XLI使徒行傳Shi tu xing zhuan ; XLII聖保羅使徒書Sheng bao luo shi tu shu ; XLIII者米士或稱牙可百之公書Zhe mi shi huo cheng ya ke bai zhi gong shu ; XLIV聖彼多羅之公書Sheng bi duo luo zhi gong shu ; XLV聖若翰之書Sheng ruo han zhi shu ; XLVI聖如大或稱如大士之公書Sheng ru da huo cheng ru da shi zhi gong shu ; XLVII聖若翰現示之書Sheng ruo han xian shi zhi shu

Chinois 7476-7484

Contient : I創世歴代傳Zhuan shi li dai zhuan ; II出以至比多地傳Chu yi zhi bi duo di zhuan ; III利未氐古傳書（alias 書傳）Li wei di gu chuan shu (alias shu zhuan) ; IV算民數書傳 ; V複講法律傳Fou jiang fa lü zhuan ; VI若書亞之傳Ruo shu ya zhi zhuan ; VII審司書傳Shen si shu zhuan ; VIII路得氏傳書Lu de shi chuan shu ; IX撒母以勒書Sa mu yi le shu ; X列王書傳Lie wang shu zhuan ; XI歷代史紀書傳Li dai shi ji shu zhuan ; XII以士拉傳書Yi shi la chuan shu ; XIII尼希米亞之書Ni xi mi ya zhi shu ; XIV以士得耳之書Yi shi de er zhi shu ; XV若百之書Ruo bo zhi shu ; XVI神詩書Shen shi shu ; XVII諺語傳書Yan yu chuan shu ; XVIII宣道傳Xuan dao zhuan ; alias : 倚基理西亞書Yi ji li xi ya shu ; XIX所羅門之歌Suo luo men zhi ge ; XX先知以賽亞書Xian zhi yi sai ya shu ; XXI先知耶利米亞書Xian zhi ye li mi ya shu ; alias : 達未來者耶利米亞傳書Da wei lai zhe ye li mi ya chuan shu ; XXII耶利米亞悲難歌Ye li mi ya bei tan ge ; XXIII先知依西其理書Xian zhi yi xi qi li shu ; XXIV先知（alias 達未來者）但依理書Xian zhi (alias Da wei lai zhe) dan yi li shu ; XXV十二先知者之傳書。何西亞之書Shi er xian zhi zhe zhi chuan shu. He xi ya zhi shu ; XXVI若以利之書Ruo yi li zhi shu ; XXVII亞麼士書Ya mo shi shu ; XXVIII阿巴氐亞書E ba di ya shu ; XXIX若拿傳書Ruo na chuan shu ; XXX米加傳書Mi jia chuan shu ; XXXI拿戶馬傳書Na hu ma chuan shu ; XXXII夏巴古傳書Xia ba gu chuan shu ; XXXIII洗法尼亞傳書Xi fa ni ya chuan shu ; XXXIV夏哀傳書Xia ai chuan shu ; XXXV洗革利亞傳書Xi ke li ya chuan shu ; XXXVI達未來者馬拉其傳書Da wei lai zhe ma la qi chuan shu ; XXXVII救世我主耶穌新遺詔書。聖馬竇傳福音書Jiu shi wo zhu ye su xin yi zhao shu. Sheng ma dou chuan fu yin shu ; XXXVIII聖馬耳可傳福音書Sheng ma er ke chuan fu yin shu ; XXXIX聖路加傳福音書Sheng lu jia chuan fu yin shu ; XL聖若翰傳福音之書Sheng ruo han chuan fu yin zhi shu ; XLI使徒行傳Shi tu xing zhuan ; XLII聖保羅使徒書Sheng bao luo shi tu shu ; XLIII者米士或稱牙可百之公書Zhe mi shi huo cheng ya ke bai zhi gong shu ; XLIV聖彼多羅之公書Sheng bi duo luo zhi gong shu ; XLV聖若翰之書Sheng ruo han zhi shu ; XLVI聖如大或稱如大士之公書Sheng ru da huo cheng ru da shi zhi gong shu ; XLVII聖若翰現示之書Sheng ruo han xian shi zhi shu

Chinois 7476-7484

Contient : I創世歴代傳Zhuan shi li dai zhuan ; II出以至比多地傳Chu yi zhi bi duo di zhuan ; III利未氐古傳書（alias 書傳）Li wei di gu chuan shu (alias shu zhuan) ; IV算民數書傳 ; V複講法律傳Fou jiang fa lü zhuan ; VI若書亞之傳Ruo shu ya zhi zhuan ; VII審司書傳Shen si shu zhuan ; VIII路得氏傳書Lu de shi chuan shu ; IX撒母以勒書Sa mu yi le shu ; X列王書傳Lie wang shu zhuan ; XI歷代史紀書傳Li dai shi ji shu zhuan ; XII以士拉傳書Yi shi la chuan shu ; XIII尼希米亞之書Ni xi mi ya zhi shu ; XIV以士得耳之書Yi shi de er zhi shu ; XV若百之書Ruo bo zhi shu ; XVI神詩書Shen shi shu ; XVII諺語傳書Yan yu chuan shu ; XVIII宣道傳Xuan dao zhuan ; alias : 倚基理西亞書Yi ji li xi ya shu ; XIX所羅門之歌Suo luo men zhi ge ; XX先知以賽亞書Xian zhi yi sai ya shu ; XXI先知耶利米亞書Xian zhi ye li mi ya shu ; alias : 達未來者耶利米亞傳書Da wei lai zhe ye li mi ya chuan shu ; XXII耶利米亞悲難歌Ye li mi ya bei tan ge ; XXIII先知依西其理書Xian zhi yi xi qi li shu ; XXIV先知（alias 達未來者）但依理書Xian zhi (alias Da wei lai zhe) dan yi li shu ; XXV十二先知者之傳書。何西亞之書Shi er xian zhi zhe zhi chuan shu. He xi ya zhi shu ; XXVI若以利之書Ruo yi li zhi shu ; XXVII亞麼士書Ya mo shi shu ; XXVIII阿巴氐亞書E ba di ya shu ; XXIX若拿傳書Ruo na chuan shu ; XXX米加傳書Mi jia chuan shu ; XXXI拿戶馬傳書Na hu ma chuan shu ; XXXII夏巴古傳書Xia ba gu chuan shu ; XXXIII洗法尼亞傳書Xi fa ni ya chuan shu ; XXXIV夏哀傳書Xia ai chuan shu ; XXXV洗革利亞傳書Xi ke li ya chuan shu ; XXXVI達未來者馬拉其傳書Da wei lai zhe ma la qi chuan shu ; XXXVII救世我主耶穌新遺詔書。聖馬竇傳福音書Jiu shi wo zhu ye su xin yi zhao shu. Sheng ma dou chuan fu yin shu ; XXXVIII聖馬耳可傳福音書Sheng ma er ke chuan fu yin shu ; XXXIX聖路加傳福音書Sheng lu jia chuan fu yin shu ; XL聖若翰傳福音之書Sheng ruo han chuan fu yin zhi shu ; XLI使徒行傳Shi tu xing zhuan ; XLII聖保羅使徒書Sheng bao luo shi tu shu ; XLIII者米士或稱牙可百之公書Zhe mi shi huo cheng ya ke bai zhi gong shu ; XLIV聖彼多羅之公書Sheng bi duo luo zhi gong shu ; XLV聖若翰之書Sheng ruo han zhi shu ; XLVI聖如大或稱如大士之公書Sheng ru da huo cheng ru da shi zhi gong shu ; XLVII聖若翰現示之書Sheng ruo han xian shi zhi shu

Chinois 7476-7484

Contient : I創世歴代傳Zhuan shi li dai zhuan ; II出以至比多地傳Chu yi zhi bi duo di zhuan ; III利未氐古傳書（alias 書傳）Li wei di gu chuan shu (alias shu zhuan) ; IV算民數書傳 ; V複講法律傳Fou jiang fa lü zhuan ; VI若書亞之傳Ruo shu ya zhi zhuan ; VII審司書傳Shen si shu zhuan ; VIII路得氏傳書Lu de shi chuan shu ; IX撒母以勒書Sa mu yi le shu ; X列王書傳Lie wang shu zhuan ; XI歷代史紀書傳Li dai shi ji shu zhuan ; XII以士拉傳書Yi shi la chuan shu ; XIII尼希米亞之書Ni xi mi ya zhi shu ; XIV以士得耳之書Yi shi de er zhi shu ; XV若百之書Ruo bo zhi shu ; XVI神詩書Shen shi shu ; XVII諺語傳書Yan yu chuan shu ; XVIII宣道傳Xuan dao zhuan ; alias : 倚基理西亞書Yi ji li xi ya shu ; XIX所羅門之歌Suo luo men zhi ge ; XX先知以賽亞書Xian zhi yi sai ya shu ; XXI先知耶利米亞書Xian zhi ye li mi ya shu ; alias : 達未來者耶利米亞傳書Da wei lai zhe ye li mi ya chuan shu ; XXII耶利米亞悲難歌Ye li mi ya bei tan ge ; XXIII先知依西其理書Xian zhi yi xi qi li shu ; XXIV先知（alias 達未來者）但依理書Xian zhi (alias Da wei lai zhe) dan yi li shu ; XXV十二先知者之傳書。何西亞之書Shi er xian zhi zhe zhi chuan shu. He xi ya zhi shu ; XXVI若以利之書Ruo yi li zhi shu ; XXVII亞麼士書Ya mo shi shu ; XXVIII阿巴氐亞書E ba di ya shu ; XXIX若拿傳書Ruo na chuan shu ; XXX米加傳書Mi jia chuan shu ; XXXI拿戶馬傳書Na hu ma chuan shu ; XXXII夏巴古傳書Xia ba gu chuan shu ; XXXIII洗法尼亞傳書Xi fa ni ya chuan shu ; XXXIV夏哀傳書Xia ai chuan shu ; XXXV洗革利亞傳書Xi ke li ya chuan shu ; XXXVI達未來者馬拉其傳書Da wei lai zhe ma la qi chuan shu ; XXXVII救世我主耶穌新遺詔書。聖馬竇傳福音書Jiu shi wo zhu ye su xin yi zhao shu. Sheng ma dou chuan fu yin shu ; XXXVIII聖馬耳可傳福音書Sheng ma er ke chuan fu yin shu ; XXXIX聖路加傳福音書Sheng lu jia chuan fu yin shu ; XL聖若翰傳福音之書Sheng ruo han chuan fu yin zhi shu ; XLI使徒行傳Shi tu xing zhuan ; XLII聖保羅使徒書Sheng bao luo shi tu shu ; XLIII者米士或稱牙可百之公書Zhe mi shi huo cheng ya ke bai zhi gong shu ; XLIV聖彼多羅之公書Sheng bi duo luo zhi gong shu ; XLV聖若翰之書Sheng ruo han zhi shu ; XLVI聖如大或稱如大士之公書Sheng ru da huo cheng ru da shi zhi gong shu ; XLVII聖若翰現示之書Sheng ruo han xian shi zhi shu

Manuscript of James Cummings- August 28, 1860

Transcript (spelling and grammar retained): Chippawa [Chippewa] 28th August 1860 My Dear Sir I duly received your very kind letter of the 24th [June] asking me to communicate such facts of general interest connected with my career during the War with the United States. I have no objection to afford you such information as came under my own observation; nevertheless I do so, with the understanding, I have no desire to be my own trumpeter. With respect to your circular wherein you state you have been for several years collecting materials for a History of the late War between the United States & Great Britain, for which you are now gathering further materials to add to your collection, concerning the Second War for Independence. I am rather at a loss to know, what is meant by the second war; If you allude to the petty Rebellion, it could not be called a War, Those that caused the outbreak were very soon put down, by the Loyal people of the Province without the aid of Regular Troops being satisfied with the Independence they enjoyed. With respect to the several questions names in your circular: To the 1st I would say, this locality is made memorable by the battle of Chippawa [Chippewa] which took place about a mile above the village on the ground I pointed out to you, when I had the pleasure of seeing you a few days ago, with Mr Porter of the Niagara Falls, of which I believe you took sketches at the time. 2nd I have no historical documents of any value; so many years having gone past, the most of my old papers have either been lost or destroyed, I however came across two letters, one dated Queenston 9th July 1812 from Lt. Col. Nicholl Quarter Master General of Militia, the other from Lt. Col Myers Deputy Quarter Master General of the Regular Army date Fort George 23rd same month, directed to me in the hand writing of each of those officers as Deputy Quarter Master General of Militia, which letters I shall be obliged you would return at as early a day possible, as I wish to place them with tome others in the case, I have had made to hold the cocked hat & feather I wore during that eventful period, which I am sorry I did not exhibit when you was at my house; with reference to it I now enclose a letter from Lt. Col. Clark, residing at Port Dalhousie he was Captain & Adjutant of Militia in the War of 1812__ I send the letter in proof of the cock’d hat it is a lengthy one, but you may find time to turn over it, as I shall also place it in the hat case__ 3rd Where are [but] [for] traditionary [sic] witnesses residing in this vicinity – Col Clark above named Mr Merritt of St. Catharines, & Mr Kerby of Brantford are the only ones I now recollect, who could offord [sic] you any statistical information. 4th I have no pictorial sketches of any Military Movements or fortifications. As regards my own career, which you appear [ ? ] of knowing__ I was first a Lieutenant in a volunteer flank company stationed on the river side opposite [Navy] Island not far from the battle ground of Chippawa [Chippewa], I got promotion as Lieutenant of Cavalry before I got my Cavalry dress completed in three days more, I was called by General Brock to Fort George, was appointed Deputy Quarter Master General of Militia with the rank of Captain s the accompanying letters will show. I was at the battle of Stony Creek, several skirmishes at the Cross Roads, when the American army [ ? ] Fort George, at the taking of Col. Boerstler at the Beaver Dam, & had the honor of receiving Colonel Chapens sword at the surrender, who commanded a company of volunteer Horse Men was at the taking of 15 regulars & two officers at Fort Schlosser—was with Col. Bishop at the taking of Black Rock, near him when he fell, three men of the 8th Reg. more killed in the Boat I was in – I was at Chippawa battle, and the last, not the least in Lundy’s lane battle, which the Americans call the battle of Bridge [Waters]. I had forgot; there was another small affair at Corks Mill where I was. I could write a little history of events, but have not the time to do so. If what I have stated will be of any service for the purpose you require I shall feel happy. The history of the late War was published at Toronto in the Anglo American Magazine. Did you ever see it, I have the Books, there were however several errors which came under my notice, which I could have corrected. If my time would permit I could give you a more detailed statement of events. I trust however you may succeed with your publication , and I shall be most happy to hear from you at all times—I related many little occurances verbally to you when here, which I thought not necessary to repeat again as you would have a perfect recollection of them. Be pleased to return the letters for the purpose I require them. I am My Dear Sir Your respectful friend James Cummings