纳米压痕和划痕法测定氧化硅薄膜材料的力学特性

为了研究不同制备工艺对材料力学性能的影响 ,选择了热氧化、LPCVD和PECVD三种典型工艺 ,在硅片上制备 1μm氧化硅薄膜。通过纳米压痕和划痕检测可知 ,热氧化工艺制备的SiO2薄膜的硬度和模量最大 ,LPCVD制备的样品界面结合强度高于PECVD。纳米压痕和划痕技术为此提供了丰富的近表面弹塑性变形和断裂等的信息 ,是评价微米薄膜力学性能的有效手段

Numerical Simulation of R-M Instability

In order to capture shock waves and contact discontinuities in the field and easy to program with parallel computation a new algorithm is developed to solve the N-S equations for simulation of R-M instability problems. The method with group velocity control is used to suppress numerical oscillations, and an adaptive non-uniform mesh is used to get fine resolution. Numerical results for cylindrical shock-cylindrical interface interaction with a shock Mach number Ms=1.2 and Atwood number A=0.818, 0.961, 0.980 (the interior density of the interface/outer density p(1)/p(2) = 10, 50, 100, respectively), and for the planar shock-spherical interface interaction with Ms=1.2 and p(1)/p(2) = 14.28are presented. The effect of Atwood number and multi-mode initial perturbation on the R-M instability are studied. Multi-collisions of the reflected shock with the interface is a main reason of nonlinear development of the interface instability and formation of the spike-bubble structures In simulation with double mode perturbation vortex merging and second instability are found. After second instability the small vortex structures near the interface produced. It is important factor for turbulent mixing.

Relatório apresentado a S. Ex. o Sr. Ministro da Industria, Viação e Obras Públicas =Rapport présenté a Son Ex. M. le Ministre de l'Industrie, de la Voirie et des Travaux Publics /por L. Cruls. --Relatório da Comissão Exploradora do Planalto Central do Brazil = Rapport de la Commission d'Exploration du Plateau Central du Brésil

Documento com duas páginas-de-rosto, em português e francês. Título em francês : Rapport présenté a Son Ex. M. le Ministre de l'Industrie, de la Voirie et des Travaux Publics

Collecção das Leis da Republica dos Estados Unidos do Brazil de 1903

Parte 1 - Atos do Poder Legislativo

M/V ELPIS Coral Reef Restoration Monitoring Report Monitoring Events 2004-2007 Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Monroe County, Florida

This document presents the results of the first three monitoring events to track the recovery of a repaired coral reef injured by the M/V Elpis vessel grounding incident of November 11, 1989. This grounding occurred within the boundaries of what at the time was designated the Key Largo National Marine Sanctuary (NMS), now designated the Key Largo NMS Existing Management Area within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS). Pursuant to the National Marine Sanctuaries Act (NMSA) 16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq., and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and Protection Act (FKNMSPA) of 1990, NOAA is the federal trustee for the natural and cultural resources of the FKNMS. Under Section 312 of the NMSA, NOAA has the authority to recover monetary damages for injury, destruction, or loss of Sanctuary resources, and to use the recovered monies to restore injured or lost sanctuary resources within the FKNMS. The restoration monitoring program tracks patterns of biological recovery, determines the success of restoration measures, and assesses the resiliency to environmental and anthropogenic disturbances of the site over time. To evaluate restoration success, reference habitats adjacent to the restoration site are concurrently monitored to compare the condition of restored reef areas with natural coral reef areas unimpacted by the vessel grounding. Restoration of the site was completed September 1995, and thus far three monitoring events have occurred; one in the summer of 2004, one in the summer of 2005, and the latest in the summer of 2007. The monitoring in 2004 was in the nature of a “pilot project,” or proof of concept. Only the quantitative results of the 2005 and 2007 monitoring are presented and discussed. Monitoring has consisted of assessment of the structural stability of limestone boulders used in the restoration and comparison of the coral communities on the boulders and reference areas. Corals are divided into Gorgonians, Milleporans, and Scleractinians. Coral densities at the Restored and Reference areas for the 2005 and 2007 events are compared, and it is shown that the densities of all taxa in the Restored area are greater by 2007, though not significantly so. For the Scleractinians, number and percentage of colonies by species, as well as several common biodiversity indices are provided. The greater biodiversity of the Restored area is evidenced. Also, size-class frequency distributions for Agaricia spp. (Scleractinia) are presented. These demonstrate the approaching convergence of the Restored and Reference areas in this regard. An inter-annual comparison of densities, within both areas, for all three Orders, is presented. The most noteworthy finding was the relative consistency across time for all taxa in each area. Finally, certain anomalies regarding species settlement patterns are presented. (PDF contains 48 pages.)

M/V WELLWOOD Coral Reef Restoration Monitoring Report, Monitoring Events 2004-2006. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Monroe County, Florida

This document presents the results of the first two monitoring events to track the recovery of a repaired coral reef injured by the M/V Wellwood vessel grounding incident of August 4, 1984. This grounding occurred within the boundaries of what at the time was designated the Key Largo National Marine Sanctuary (NMS), now designated the Key Largo NMS Existing Management Area within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS). Pursuant to the National Marine Sanctuaries Act (NMSA) 16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq., and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and Protection Act (FKNMSPA) of 1990, NOAA is the federal trustee for the natural and cultural resources of the FKNMS. Under Section 312 of the NMSA, NOAA has the authority to recover monetary damages for injury, destruction, or loss of Sanctuary resources, and to use the recovered monies to restore injured or lost sanctuary resources within the FKNMS. The restoration monitoring program tracks patterns of biological recovery, determines the success of restoration measures, and assesses the resiliency to environmental and anthropogenic disturbances of the site over time. To evaluate restoration success, reference habitats adjacent to the restoration site are concurrently monitored to compare the condition of restored reef areas with “natural” coral reef areas unimpacted by the vessel grounding or other injury. Restoration of the site was completed on July 22, 2002, and thus far two monitoring events have occurred; one in the Fall of 2004, and one in the Summer/Fall of 2006. The monitoring has consisted of: assessment of the structural stability of restoration modules and comparison of the coral recruitment conditions of the modules and reference sites. Corals are divided into Gorgonians, Milleporans, and Scleractinians and (except where noted) recruits are defined as follows: Gorgonians—maximum size (height) 150 mm at first monitoring event, 270 mm at second; Milleporans—maximum size (height) 65 mm at first event, 125 mm at second; Scleractinians—maximum size (greatest diameter) 50 mm at second event (only one species was size-classed at first event, at smaller size). Recruit densities at the restored and reference areas for each event are compared, as are size-class frequency distributions. For the Scleractinians, number and percentage of recruits by species, as well as several common biodiversity indices are provided. Finally, a qualitative comparison of recruit substrate settlement preference is indicated. Generally, results indicate that restored areas are converging on reference areas, based on almost all parameters examined, with one noted exception. Further monitoring is planned and the trends are anticipated to continue; close attention will be paid to the indicated anomaly. (PDF contains 63 pages.)

Relatório apresentado a S. Ex. o Sr. Ministro da Industria, Viação e Obras Públicas = Rapport présenté a Son Ex. M. le Ministre de l'Industrie, de la Voirie et des Travaux Publics por L. Cruls

Trata-se do "Relatório Cruls", referente à 1ª Missão Cruls (1892-1893), durante o governo Floriano Peixoto

板壳断裂力学

本书阐明了板壳断裂理论的基础。论证了Reissner型板壳断裂理论的科学性、经典板壳断裂理论的缺陷及在一定范围内仍具有的实用价值；介绍了作者所创意的研究Reissner型板壳断裂纹尖端场的方法等。

目录

Adiabatic shear localization: occurrence, theories, and applications

Orbe serafico novo brasilico, descoberto, estabelecido, e cultivado a influxos da nova luz de Italia, estrella brilhante de Hespanha, luzido sol de Padua, astro mayor do ceo de Francisco, o thaumaturgo portuguez Sto. Antonio a quem vay consagrado, como theatro glorioso : e, parte primeira da chronica dos frades menores da mais estreita, e regular observancia da provincia do Brasil por Fr. Antonio de Santa Maria Jaboatam

Parte primeira da chronica dos frades menores da mais estreita e regular observancia da provincia do Brasil

Estudos do bem-commum e economia politica, ou, sciencia das leis naturaes e civis de animar e dirigir a geral industria, e promover a riqueza nacional, e prosperidade do estado

Entrada secundária de título : Sciencia das leis naturaes e civis de animar e dirigir a geral industria, e promover a riqueza nacional, e prosperidade do estado