流动注射在线离子交换分离富集原子吸收测定地质物料中痕量银

采用流动注射在线离子交换分离富集技术使［ＡｇＣｌ＿２］￣－通过装填有４１０哌啶树脂的微型柱而被吸附，随后用硫脲梯度洗脱，再用原子吸收法进行测定。每次消耗样品溶液６．６ｍｌ，进样频率为２８次／ｈ时浓集倍率２２。方法检出限０．３μｇ／Ｌ（３σ），对于含Ａｇ３０μｇ／Ｌ试样进行１２次测定，其平均值为２９．０μｇ／Ｌ精度（ＲＳＤ）为２．９％，方法经地质标样分析验证可靠。

内蒙古沙地云杉分类的研究

内蒙古沙地云杉究竟是哪一种，在植物分类学上是一个争论性问题。本文通过三种云杉的形态解剖比较、栽培实验观察、同工酶和核型分析以及生态地理分布的研究，结果表明，内蒙古沙地云杉既不同于红皮云杉（ＰｉｃｅａｋｏｒａｉｅｎｓｉｓＮａｋａｉ），也不同于白扦云杉（ＰｉｃｅａｍｅｙｅｒｉＲｅｈｄ．ｅｔＷｉｌｓ．），应划分为一个独立种更为合适，即将原来发表为白扦云杉的变种新组合之为独立的种，沙地云杉（ＰｉｃｅａｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃａＨ．Ｑ．Ｗｕ）Ｗ．Ｄ．Ｘｕ（ＰｉｃｅａｍｅｙｅｒｉＶａｒ．ｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃａＨ．Ｑ．Ｗｕ）。

激光微地貌扫描仪的开发研制及在坡面侵蚀研究应用初步

利用光线的反射与聚焦成象原理 ,将地表高程转换成不同物象点位置的电信号 ,再经计算机处理成数字高程模型 ,即形成用于获取地表糙度数字高程模型的激光微地貌扫描仪。实验测量得到 :在相同初始条件下 ,不同坡度土槽放水和降雨实验后地表形态的数字地形模型。通过对侵蚀地表形态的分析 ,得出坡度对坡面侵蚀及沟蚀影响的某些初步规律。

树木外生菌根菌与环境因子关系研究进展

土壤、气候和立地因子等环境因子影响树木外生菌根菌的种类及数量。本文通过查阅大量国内外文献 ,综述了外生菌根菌与土壤、季节气候及立地因子等环境因子的相互关系 ,探讨了环境因子对外生菌根菌的影响 ,揭示了外生菌根菌研究中所关注的环境因子问题。同时 ,提出了外生菌根菌与环境因子关系今后研究的主要内容与方向 ,旨在为森林生态系统的可持续经营和退化森林生态系统的恢复、改造等提供科学依据。

阴离子表面活性剂(LAS)环境行为与环境效应

由于直链烷基苯磺酸盐 (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates,L AS)的广泛运用 ,LAS成为环境中最常见的具有代表性的一类有机污染物 ,其环境行为与环境效应也受到普遍的关注。尽管许多研究表明 ,目前的 L AS使用水平对大多数生物来说是安全的 ,但也有研究表明 L AS在低浓度条件下对鱼类产生慢性毒性。同时 L AS对生物的伤害机理也不十分清楚 ,因此 LAS的伤害机理和毒性效应的临界值尚需进一步探讨。 L AS在不同环境中的吸附、沉降和生物降解等迁移转化行为十分复杂 ,但对于其在环境中的吸附机制和影响因素尚难以得到一致结论 ,而对于生物降解过程中的中间代谢产物的成分、行为和毒性也需进一步深入研究

Impacts of the Wenchuan Earthquake on the Giant Panda Nature Reserves in China

Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2008BAK47B02, 2008BAC44B04, 2008BAK50B06, 2008BAC43B01, 2006BAC08B06]

Structure and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-Gd based alloy sheet

The Mg-8Gd-2Y-1Nd-0.3Zn-0.6Zr (wt.%) alloy sheet was prepared by hot extrusion technique, and the structure and mechanical properties of the extruded alloy were investigated. The results show that the alloy in different states is mainly composed of alpha-Mg solid solution and secondary phases of Mg5RE and Mg24RE5 (RE = Gd, Y and Nd). At aging temperatures from 200 degrees C to 300 degrees C the alloy exhibits obvious age-hardening response. Great improvement of mechanical properties is observed in the peak-aged state alloy (aged at 200 degrees C for 60 h), the ultimate tensile strength (sigma(b)), tensile yield strength (sigma(0.2)) and elongation (epsilon) are 376 MPa, 270 MPa and 14.2% at room temperature (RT), and 206 MPa. 153 MPa and 25.4% at 300 degrees C, respectively, the alloy exhibits high thermal stability.

Investigation on internal electric field distribution of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with Eu2O3 buffer layer

We have found that organic light-emitting diode (OLED) performance was highly improved by using europium oxide (Eu2O3) as a buffer layer on indium tin oxide (ITO) in OLEDs based on tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminium (Alq(3)), which showed low turn-on voltage, high luminance, and high electroluminescent (EL) efficiency. The thickness of Eu2O3 generally was 0.5-1.5 nm. We investigated the effects of Eu2O3 on internal electric field distributions in the device through the analysis of current-voltage characteristics, and found that the introduction of the buffer layer balanced the internal electric field distributions in hole transport layer (HTL) and electron transport layer (ETL), which should fully explain the role of the buffer layer in improving device performance. Our investigation demonstrates that the hole injection is Fowler-Nordheim (FN) tunnelling and the electron injection is Richardson-Schottky (RS) thermionic emission, which are very significant in understanding the operational mechanism and improving the performance, of OLEDs.

VUV-UV photoluminescence spectra of strontium orthophosphate doped with rare earth ions

The measurements of VUV-UV photoluminescence emission (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra of rare earth ions activated strontium orthophosphate [Sr-3(PO4)(2):RE, RE = Ce, Sm, Eu, Tb] are performed. Whenever the samples are excited by VUV or UV light, the typical emission of Ce-3+,Ce- Sm3+, Eu3+, Eu2+ and Tb3+ ions can be observed in PL spectra, respectively. The charge transfer bands (CTBs) of Sm3+ and Eu3+ are found, respectively, peaking at 206 and 230nm. The absorption bands peaking in the region of 150-160 nm are assigned to the host lattice sensitization bands, i.e., the band-to-band transitions of PO43- grouping in Sr-3(PO4)(2). It is speculated that the first f-d transitions of Sm3+ (Eu3+), and the CTB of Tb3+ are, respectively, located around 165 (14 3) and 167 urn by means of VUV-UV PLE spectra and relational empirical formula, these f-d transitions or CT bands are included in the bands with the maxima at 150-160 nm, respectively. The valence change of europium from trivalent to divalent in strontium orthophosphate prepared in air is observe by VUV-UV PL and PLE spectra.

Scanning electrochemical microscopy study of electron transfer across the water/1,2-dichloroethane interface induced by common ions

In this work, we report the reverse electron transfer reaction between TCNQ in 1, 2-dichloroethane (DCE) and ferrocyanide in water. This process is a thermodynamic unfavorable reaction and the reverse electron transfer reaction can only be obtained by scanning electrochemical microscopy(SECM) in the presence of suitable potential-determining ions, which govern the interfacial potential difference. In our case, the potential determining ions are tetrabutylammonium ion(TBA(+)) and tetraphenylarsonium ion (TPAs+). The effects of the concentrations of TBA(+) and TPAs+ in two phases and other parameters have been studied in detail. The apparent heterogeneous rate constants(k(i)) were obtained under different values of K-p(K-p=c(i)(w)/c(i)(o)) for both cases by fitting the SECM approach curves with theoretical ones and the results showed that they were controlled by the interfacial potential differences. The relationship between apparent heterogeneous rate constants and the interfacial potential differences obeys Butler-Volmer theory.