Efectividad de la deslaminación mecánica con bisturí en la eliminación de helomas e hiperqueratosis

Introducción El motivo principal por el que acuden los pacientes a las consultas de podología es el dolor producido por los callos y callosidades plantares. El dolor producido por las callosidades y callos plantares provocan en el paciente cambios de presiones y alteraciones en el apoyo, dificultando la deambulación correcta. Existen numerosos estudios sobre la eliminación de callosidades en pacientes diabéticos, con AR, pero pocos en personas sanas. La eliminación de estos callos y callosidades se puede realizar mediante deslaminación mecánica con bisturí o mediante queratolíticos. Objetivos Objetivo principal Analizar el efecto de la deslaminación mecánica con bisturí de las callosidades y callos plantares sobre el dolor y la calidad de vida en sujetos sanos Objetivos secundarios Determinar la existencia de modificaciones en los parámetros de la marcha con la eliminación de callosidades y callos plantares Observar las diferencias y efectividad de tratamientos de la eliminación de callosidades plantares mediante la técnica de deslaminación mecánica con bisturí versus parches de ácido salicílico Comprobar los cambios producidos en los parámetros psíquicos y fiscos del paciente antes y después de las diferentes técnicas de eliminación de las callosidades empleadas Método Se realizan dos estudios: un estudio cuasi experimental aleatorizado no controlado, en el que a un grupo de 34 pacientes con callosidades plantares dolorosas se les mide el dolor con una escala visual analógica y para analizar los parámetros de la marcha, la paltaformaWin-Track, antes del tratamiento de deslaminación mecánica con bisturí y a las 24 horas. El segundo estudio es un ensayo clínico aleatorizado inscrito en Australian New ZelandClinicalstrials y aprobado por el Comité ético de la Universidad de Málaga, en el que 62 participantes con callosidades plantares dolorosas se dividieron en dos grupos de tratamiento. El grupo A recibió tratamiento con parche de ácido salicílico y el grupo B recibió tratmiento de deslaminación con bisturí. Se utilizó la escala visual analógica para la medida de dolor antes, inmediatamente después de la intervención, a las 2 semanas y a las 6 semanas. Para el dolor y la discapacidad funcional del pie se utilizó el cuestionario Manchester FootPain and Disability antes del tratamiento, a las 2 semanas y a las 6 semanas. Para medir la calidad de vida general se utilizó el cuestionario SF-12 Conclusiones La deslaminación mecánica con bisturí de los callos y callosidades plantares es efectiva para su eliminación a nivel de la sensación de dolor, aunque no tanto en lo que se refiere a la mejora de calidad de vida. No hay resultados significativos de que la eliminación mecánica con bisturí de callos y callosidades plantares modifican los parámetros de la marcha medido con la plataforma Win-track. Se observa como la deslaminación mecánica con bisturí para la eliminación de callos y callosidades plantares pueden ser más efectiva a corto plazo que la eliminación mediante parche con ácido salicílico. Se observa cómo se modifica los paramentos psíquicos en el grupo de tratamiento con parche con ácido salicílico, aunque con una significación baja. Bibliografía Balanowski, K. R., & Flynn, L. M. (2005). Effect of painful keratoses debridement on foot pain, balance and function in older adults. Gait & Posture, 22(4), 302-307. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2004.10.006 Collins, S. L., Moore, R. A., &McQuay, H. J. (1997). The visual analogue pain intensity scale: what is moderate pain in millimetres? Pain, 72(1-2), 95-97. Coughlin, M. J. (2000).Common Causes of Pain in the Forefoot in Adults. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, British Volume, 82-B(6), 781-790. Farndon, L. J., Vernon, W., Walters, S. J., Dixon, S., Bradburn, M., Concannon, M., & Potter, J. (2013). The effectiveness of salicylic acid plasters compared with «usual» scalpel debridement of corns: a randomised controlled trial. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 6(1), 40. http://doi.org/10.1186/1757-1146-6-40 Freeman, D. B. (2002). Corns and calluses resulting from mechanical hyperkeratosis. American FamilyPhysician, 65(11), 2277-2280. Gijon-Nogueron, G., Ndosi, M., Luque-Suarez, A., Alcacer-Pitarch, B., Munuera, P. V., Garrow, A., & Redmond, A. C. (2014). Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index into Spanish. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 23(2), 571-579. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-013-0507-5 Grouios, G. (2005). Footedness as a potential factor that contributes to the causation of corn and callus formation in lower extremities of physically active individuals. The Foot, 15(3), 154-162. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foot.2005.05.003 Landorf, K. B., Morrow, A., Spink, M. J., Nash, C. L., Novak, A., Potter, J., &Menz, H. B. (2013). Effectiveness of scalpel debridement for painful plantar calluses in older people: a randomized trial. Trials, 14, 243. http://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-243 Lang, L. M. G., Simmonite, N., West, S. G., & Day, S. (1994). Salicylic acid in the treatment of corns. The Foot, 4(3), 145-150. http://doi.org/10.1016/0958-2592(94)90019-1 Luo, X., Lynn George, M., Kakouras, I., Edwards, C. L., Pietrobon, R., Richardson, W., & Hey, L. (2003). Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the short form 12-item survey (SF-12) in patients with back pain. Spine, 28(15), 1739-1745. http://doi.org/10.1097/01.BRS.0000083169.58671.96 Ramachandra, P., Maiya, A. G., & Kumar, P. (2012). Test-retest reliability of the Win-Track platform in analyzing the gait parameters and plantar pressures during barefoot walking in healthy adults. Foot & Ankle Specialist, 5(5), 306-312. http://doi.org/10.1177/1938640012457680 Siddle, H. J., Redmond, A. C., Waxman, R., Dagg, A. R., Alcacer-Pitarch, B., Wilkins, R. A., &Helliwell, P. S. (2013). Debridement of painful forefoot plantar callosities in rheumatoid arthritis: the CARROT randomised controlled trial. Clinical Rheumatology, 32(5), 567-574. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-012-2134-x

Determinação eletroanalítica de ácido salicílico em produto dermatológico com eletrodos de nanotubos de carbono e nanopartículas de óxido de ferro

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias Química e Biológica, 2016.

Aplicações biotecnológicas do supressor de silenciamento de cucumber mosaic virus

Tese de Doutoramento, Ciências Agrárias, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2015

Biodiesel production from Jathropha curcas l. oil using chemical or enzymatic catalysts

Doutoramento em Engenharia dos Biossistemas - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL

Diversity and biotechnological potential of culturable bacteria from Brazilian mangrove sediment.

Mangrove ecosystems are environments subject to substantial degradation by anthropogenic activities. Its location, in coastal area, interfacing the continents and the oceans makes it substantially important in the prospection for biotechnological applications. In this study, we assessed the diversity of culturable bacteria present over the seasons at two depths (0-10 and 30-40 cm) in a mangrove sediment and in a transect area from the land to the sea. In total, 238 bacteria were isolated, characterized by Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) and further identified, by Fatty Acid Methyl Esther (FAME-MIDI), into the orders of Vibrionales, Actinomycetales and Bacillales. Also the ability of the isolates in producing economically important enzymes (amylases, proteases, esterases and lipases) was evaluated and the order Vibrionales was the main enzymatic source.

Revisión sistemática utilidad de asa y calcio con o sin vitamina d en la prevención de cáncer colorrectal y la recurrencia de pólipos adenomatosos en paciente con riesgo de padecer esta patología

Introducción: El cáncer colorrectal es una patología con alto impacto en la salud pública, debido a su prevalencia, incidencia, severidad, costo e impacto en la salud mental y física del individuo y la familia. Ensayos clínicos realizados en pacientes con antecedente de infarto al miocardio que consumían ácido acetil salicílico (asa), calcio con y sin vitamina D, mostraron asociación entre el consumo de estos medicamentos y disminución en la incidencia en cáncer colorrectal y pólipos adenomatosos. Objetivo: Evaluar la literatura sobre el uso de asa, calcio con y sin vitamina D con relación a su impacto en la prevención del cáncer colorrectal y pólipos adenomatosos. Métodos: Se realizó revisión sistemática buscando ensayos clínicos realizados en pacientes con factores de riesgo para cáncer colorrectal y pólipos adenomatosos que usaron asa, calcio con y sin vitamina D fueron incluidos. Resultados: se escogieron 105 para la revisión sistemática. Conclusiones: Es necesario desarrollar más estudios que lleven a evaluar el efecto protector de la aspirina, calcio y vitamina D. En los artículos revisados la aspirina a dosis de 81 a 325 mg día se correlaciona con reducción de riesgo de aparición de CRC aunque la dosis ideal, el tiempo de inicio y la duración de la ingesta continua no son claros. Hacen falta estudios que comparen poblaciones con ingesta de asa a diferentes dosis.

Mineralisation of the fungicide 14C-labelled metalaxyl fungicide in Brazilian soils.

Laboratory incubation experiments were carried out to estimate the mineralisation of metalaxyl 14C {N-(2-6 dimethyphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl) alanine methyl ester} in four Brazilian soils with different physico-chemical properties, at 3 and 30 ?g a.i. g-1. In the Petrolina sandy soil the mineralisation presented higher 14CO2 production rates, at two essayed concentrations, after 70 days. Microbiological studies were done to determine the numbers of bacteria, actinobacteria and fungi (CFU g-1 soil). In relation with other microbial community, bacterial population demonstrated to be a major component of the cultivable heterotrophic community after the application.of the compound. No detectable metabolites were found in this study. The results suggest that soil properties and application history may have a strong influence on the fungicide behavior in these soil samples.

The nitric oxide-donating pravastatin derivative, NCX 6550 [(1S-[1α(βS*, δS*), 2α, 6α, 8β-(R*), 8aα]]-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-β, δ, 6-trihydroxy-2-methyl-8-(2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)-1-naphtalene-heptanoic acid 4-(nitrooxy)butyl ester)], reduces splenocyte adhesion and reactive oxygen species generation in normal and atherosclerotic mice

Statins possess anti-inflammatory effects that may contribute to their ability to slow atherogenesis, whereas nitric oxide (NO) also influences inflammatory cell adhesion. This study aimed to determine whether a novel NO-donating pravastatin derivative, NCX 6550 [(1S-[1∝(ßS*,dS*),2∝,6a∝,8ß-(R*),8a∝]]-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-ß,δ,6-trihydroxy-2-methyl-8-(2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)-1-naphthalene-heptanoic acid 4-(nitrooxy)butyl ester)], has greater anti-inflammatory properties compared with pravastatin in normal and atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E receptor knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. C57BL/6 and ApoE-/- mice were administered pravastatin (40 mg/kg), NCX 6550 (48.5 mg/kg), or vehicle orally for 5 days. Ex vivo studies assessed splenocyte adhesion to arterial segments and splenocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. NCX 6550 significantly reduced splenocyte adhesion to artery segments in both C57BL/6 (8.8 ± 1.9% versus 16.6 ± 6.7% adhesion; P < 0.05) and ApoE-/- mice (9.3 ± 2.9% versus 23.4 ± 4.6% adhesion; P < 0.05) concomitant with an inhibition of endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression. NCX 6550 also significantly reduced phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced ROS production that was enhanced in isolated ApoE-/- splenocytes. Conversely, pravastatin had no significant effects on adhesion in normal or ApoE-/- mice but reduced the enhanced ROS production from ApoE-/- splenocytes. In separate groups of ApoE-/- mice, NCX 6550 significantly enhanced endothelium-dependent relaxation to carbachol in aortic segments precon-tracted with phenylephrine (-logEC50, 6.37 ± 0.37) compared with both vehicle-treated (-logEC50, 5.81 ± 0.15; P < 0.001) and pravastatin-treated (-logEC50, 5.57 ± 0.45; P < 0.05) mice. NCX 6550 also significantly reduced plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels (648.8 pg/ml) compared with both vehicle (1191.1 pg/ml; P < 0.001) and pravastatin (847 ± 71.0 pg/ml; P < 0.05) treatment. These data show that NCX 6550 exerts superior anti-inflammatory actions compared with pravastatin, possibly through NO-related mechanisms.

Novel aliphatic poly(ester-carhonate) with pendant allyl ester groups and its folic acid functionalization

A series of novel poly(ester-carbonate)s bearing pendant allyl ester groups P(LA-co-MAC)s were prepared by ring-opening copolymerization Of L-lactide (LA) and 5-methyl-5-allyloxycarbonyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one (MAC) with diethyl zinc (ZnEt2) as initiator. NMR analysis investigated the microstructure of the copolymer. DSC results indicated that the copolymers displayed a single glass-transition temperature (T-g), which was indicative of a random copolymer, and the Tg decreased with increasing carbonate content in the copolymer.

Proton NMR and infrared investigations of secondary dithiocarbamate ester: molecular conformation and vibrational assignment of S-methyl N-methyl dithiocarbamate

Rotational isomerism of S-methyl N-methyl dithiocarbamate (MMDTC) has been investigated by means of variable temperature proton NMR and i.r. spectroscopy. The i.r. spectra of MMDTC as neat, solution and at sub-ambient temperatures have been examined. Normal vibrational analysis of all the fundamentals of MMDTC has been carried out, the vibrational assignment has been compared with those of related secondary thioamides to note the consistency in the assignments and to obtain the pattern characteristic of the secondary thioamide vibrations.

Molecular vibrations and conformation of primary dithiocarbamate ester. Infrared and NMR studies on S-methyl dithiocarbamate

The i.r. spectra of a primary dithiocarbamate ester namely, S-methyl dithiocarbamate (SMDTC) and its N-dideuterated compound have been measured between 4000 and 30 cm−1. Spectra in solution and at liquid nitrogen temperature have also been obtained. Assignment of all the fundamentals has been proposed and supported from a full normal coordinate analysis. The band assignments for SMDTC have been compared with those of related molecules and the characteristic bands of primary thioamides are derived. Conformational flexibility of SMDTC has been examined by i.r. and proton NMR spectroscopy. The hindered rotation around the C---N bond has been studied by a complete line shape analysis. The magnitude of ---NH2 and ---CH3 torsional barriers is also estimated from vibrational frequencies and force constants.

Oxonium salt intermediates from half ester acid chlorides

Isomeric half eater acid chlorides derived from 1,2-and 1-3-carboxylic acids give rise to the same oxonium salt with Lewis acids.

Facile synthesis, ex-vivo and in vitro screening of 3-sulfonamide derivative of 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid piperidin-1-ylamide (SR141716) a potent CB1 receptor antagonist

Facile synthesis of biaryl pyrazole sulfonamide derivative of 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid piperidin-1-ylamide (SR141716, 1) and an investigation of the effect of replacement of the –CO group in the compound 1 by the –SO2 group in the aminopiperidine region is reported. Primary ex-vivo pharmacological testing and in vitro screening of sulfonamide derivative 2 showed the loss of CB1 receptor antagonism.