Os italianos no poder, cidadãos catanduvenses de virtude e fortuna: 1918-1964

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Formação de professores: as diretrizes nacionais e o poder local

Coming as a result from a comprehensive research based on Lima’s studies (2008), this article is intended for investigating the process of reorganization of the Pedagogy course offered by a state public university since 2006, when the new National Curricular Guides were instituted. The subject matter brings up as one of its purposes to identify the main difficulties and the possible answers given in order to cause the changes to happen, taking in consideration both the external and internal interests of the institution. To further these aims, actual instruments were applied to the research: documents related to the Pedagogy course that were kept in the Council of the university and interviews with the members who took part in the process of readjustment. Because it is a public university, at first there was a mistaken presumption of the primacy of an administration founded upon democratic principles, in which the divergent opinions do not turn out to be taken as mere pretexts, but as an opportunity of dialogue and to establish collective projects. However, the results of the analysis shook that basic assumption and proved the opposite: the process was led to a rational/bureaucratic pattern of administration, the goals of which intended to adjust the institution to the external precepts and to establish the consensus — understood here as an absolute lack of conflicts. Nevertheless, it was chosen to conciliate the Pedagogy course to the national guides, without causing any harm to the departmental interests. These are reasons that justify satisfactorily the fact of this article being supposed to raise and quicken new and revitalized debate whenever there is an engagement of those who are most concerned for the duty of student teachers’ instruction, but mainly that of being expected to participate in the effective discussion/decision — making process of creating ends which to strive and work for.

Projeto político-pedagógico: o espaço de participação efetiva e contextualizada dos atores da escola

Will be demonstrated here, the importance of preparing the Political-Pedagogical Project - PPP in a way that the school´s actors participate constantly. his participation is essential to promote both their production and the ongoing evaluation of activities, actions and educational purposes. Following the guidance of experienced researchers in this matter, we assume the defense of a school that favors the character of belonging for everyone: administrators, teachers, students and parents, the whole community. his study is conducted in two stages: a theoretical study, highlighting the main researches and thoughts at academic level, a documentary analysis of four schools and interviews with directors or vice directors and coordinators of schools. With this study and analysis, it is possible to realize the importance of their development and promote relection to guide those interested to a new vision or revision of structures already plastered. he school thus may undergo changes renovating their routine, making it fresh news and events, allowing the daily challenges foster contextualized strategies on concrete basis.

Projeto Político Pedagógico: o espaço de participação efetiva e contextualizada dos atores da escola

Will be demonstrated here, the importance of preparing the Political-Pedagogical Project - PPP in a way that the school´s actors participate constantly. his participation is essential to promote both their production and the ongoing evaluation of activities, actions and educational purposes. Following the guidance of experienced researchers in this matter, we assume the defense of a school that favors the character of belonging for everyone: administrators, teachers, students and parents, the whole community. his study is conducted in two stages: a theoretical study, highlighting the main researches and thoughts at academic level, a documentary analysis of four schools and interviews with directors or vice directors and coordinators of schools. With this study and analysis, it is possible to realize the importance of their development and promote relection to guide those interested to a new vision or revision of structures already plastered. he school thus may undergo changes renovating their routine, making it fresh news and events, allowing the daily challenges foster contextualized strategies on concrete basis.

Injustiça e poder segundo Noam Chomsky

Injustice and power according to Noam Chomsky. In the beginning of the Politics, Aristotle establishes the two lesser forms of sociability: the relationships between man and woman and between master and the slave. In this context, he observes that “Hellenes are natural masters of barbarians” and the reason is that Greeks know philosophy and barbarians still resort to violence (ARISTOTLE, Politics, 1252a.). Shortly after defines “just war” as a war that has a fair cause, that is, which is well justified by philosophy or a fair speech (ARISTOTLE, Politics, 1255a.). This scene briefly expresses the manner in which the USA understands their role in the contemporary world. Chomsky points out the political use of massive military force of his country and denounces how it articulates internally and externally. He affirms that politics is excessively submitted to “ideology”, to doxa, as opposed to natural sciences. His militancy, thus, only advocates freedom and unrestricted right to information. In Camelot, the Kennedy years (1993), for example, the MIT’s professor collects information from congressmen’s speeches and government officials and from secret documents made public and he explicits the methods and actions of the US government. Thereby he can conclude that the US has, for historical reasons, an internal posture that is advocate or contrary to what they imposes to other countries. Power and justice on the one hand, force and injustice on the other –according to their own political discourse.

A descentralização político-administrativa no Brasil: um estudo sobre a disputa entre os municípios de Caiuá e Marabá Paulista pela Decasa Açúcar e Álcool a partir das escalas geográficas de análise

This work has as main objetive to analyze fiscal/tax collection of municipalities after the political-administrative decentralization in Brazil and its new role in this scenario, bringing up the competition for Decasa Sugar and Alcohol between the municipalities of Caiuá and Maraba Paulista in the context of expansion sugarcane cultivation in the Presidente Prudente Geographic Micro Region. The analysis has considered the geographic scales, in order to highlight the power relations on local/regional territory, determined by the Agroenergy Policy Guidelines in Brazil (2006-2011). The two municipalities have from the point of view economic dynamics, irrelevence, proven through the São Paulo Index of Social Responsibility (IPRS), maximizing the importance of the constitutional transfers, such as Participation Fund of Municipalities (FPM). Given this situation, we analyze the four taxes raised by the experts as the most impactful for municipal tax collection before the presence of sugarcane activity: the Territorial Urban Property Tax (IPTU), the Tax on Services of any Nature (ISSQN), the Tax Vehicles owned Motor (IPVA) and the Operations tax on the Circulation of Goods and on Transport Services Rendered Interstate and Intermunicipal (ICMS). It was verified, that only the ISSQN can be seen as an indicator increase in fiscal/tax collection before the presence sugarcane activity...

A construção do projeto político-pedagógico das escolas do campo do município de Araraquara

This study aimed to analyze the process of developing and implementing a politicalpedagogical project for rural schools in the city of Araraquara, focusing on one of the schools served. This is an ethnographic qualitative study. The instruments of data collection were participant observation, semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. It was observed are a change in the community organization throughout the process, with regard to a more active attitude on the part of its members, who have pursued other means to claim the fulfillment of their demands by the Government and relevant institutions, which points to the pedagogical character of participation in the movement to fight for the education they desire. It was also noticed a process of re-signification by the subjects, of their own community identity while seated in an agrarian reform project, as well as a more effective participation of those in everyday life and school organization. It was also observed changes in indicators of school, with an increase in the achievement of students as well as reducing the dropout rate to zero, and the reduction of absenteeism of teachers.

A ordem republicana em Mato Grosso: disputas de poder e rotinização das práticas políticas - 1889-1917

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

A produção de informação como uma questão de poder na disputa eleitoral de 2010

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR

A influência da raça nas relações de poder: uma análise sobre o município de Araraquara

Analyzing the Brazilian people's formation and its ethnic variety, the racial issue is marked by racism as a tendency of thought that gathers different human races. The miscegenation originated by the crossbreeding occurred widely among Brazil and carried with it a racial prejudice based on European theses about the population's whitening. Since the arrival of the black population to the country, in the condition of slave, their image is stuck to the stigma of inferiority in relation to white people, making it difficult to have a political influence and introduce themselves into the Brazilian dominant elite. We intent to bring the discussion about local power, coronelismo and patronage, trying to demonstrate how the dominant elite's power and resources allocation schemes, put aside the lower-class from the political scene which is even worse for the black population regarding the suffered racial prejudice. Assuming the matters described above, we argue around the insertion of the black people into the political scenario, taking the City of Araraquara -SP as target to analyze the conditions that prevents them from achieving high positions inside the public sector and develop the issue between representation, social inclusion and political participation

A política externa estadunidense no atual quadro político sul-americano

The central thesis that we aim to survey in this paper is that the present South-American political scene has required of the American imperialism a strategical redesign, in the sense of the neutralization, weakening and, if it is possible, destruction of regional political experiences/tendencies not aligned to its foreign politics. Under the mask of the defense of democracy and beneath the argument that Latin American "market oriented politics" are at stake, due to questions that goes back from the "delin-quency" —in Mexico—, the global terrorism, the organized international crime up to the worldwide drug traffic, the global strategy of American imperialism then sets up the definition of a new doctrine of preventive war that justifies the utilization of hard power against any country, in the name of its own defense. At the heart of the question what —actually— is in the agenda is the defense (and reproduction) of the benefits of its multinationals corporations and financial capital, by means of the international sub-traction of profitable assets, such as financial, energetic, communicational and natural resources, in addition to the domination of local markets, beyond facilitating capital flee amongst others.

Etnicidad y poder en los países andinos

La relación entre etnicidad y poder ocupa un lugar central en la trayectoria de los países andinos. Esta relación, de origen colonial, ha trazado las fronteras sociales de inclusión y exclusión en los procesos de construcción nacional, durante los siglos XIX y XX, y continúa siendo decisiva en el debate político actual en diferentes escenarios de la región andina. Los estudios incluidos en este volumen asumen que la identidad étnica es una construcción social, históricamente situada, variable y de carácter relaciona!´ Esta compilación se propuso alentar la investigación sobre la presencia de actores y semánticas étnicas en el espacio político del Ecuador y de la América Andina. Los dieciséis estudios que integran este volumen han sido agrupados en cinco secciones: enfoques generales; perspectivas históricas; etnicidad y protesta social; etnicidad y participación política; y etnicidad y religión. Este libro pone a disposición del público las ponencias presentadas en el Coloquio Internacional “El reto de la etnicidad en espacio político (siglos XIXXXI)”; realizado en Quito (2005) y organizado por la Universidad de Bielefeld (Alemania) y la Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar (Ecuador), dentro del convenio de cooperación académica impulsado por ambas instituciones. El evento reunió a un grupo de investigadores provenientes de diferentes países (Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Suecia, Francia y Alemania) y de varias disciplinas sociales (historiadores, antropólogos, sociólogos y politólogos).

Las relaciones de poder en el aula universitaria. Un caso paradigmático: el examen. 16H195

Este proyecto de investigación sostiene que el currículum, en tanto proyecto políticoeducativo, envuelve a todo el conjunto de elementos que juegan en el espacio de la práctica educativa, entendida como práctica social. En efecto, pensamos a la educación como práctica que se construye desde lo singular, lo social, lo histórico y lo político; y proponemos pensar esta práctica social como una práctica desarrollada por ciertos actores, en determinados escenarios y conformando tramas específicas. En tanto escenario la Universidad es una institución que se encuentra entre las más complejas de la sociedad contemporánea y al mismo tiempo es posible reconocer que la misma se inserta en escenarios mayores (la sociedad global y las profesiones) y contiene escenarios menores, como el aula universitaria, a la cual reconocemos como espacio de condensación. Es precisamente allí donde se pone en juego una trama particular que relaciona a dos tipos centrales de actores: los alumnos y los docentes. Decir en la actualidad que la Universidad está en crisis resulta banal; indagar sobre algunas causas y mecanismos que generan y/o potencian esta crisis puede resultar útil como modo de aportar a la imperiosa redefinición que esta institución requiere. Proponemos trabajar allí donde los discursos caen y las practicas construyen el verdadero significado del hacer institucional educativo. Para ello tomaremos una perspectiva particular: centrar el enfoque en los rituales académicos. Los rituales producen sentido, en tanto son instancias esencialmente dramáticas a partir de las cuales una sociedad comunica algo importante acerca de si misma. Pero al mismo tiempo, construyen nuevas prácticas. En este caso particular trabajaremos sobre la interpretación de un ritual específico y particularmente dominante en la institución universitaria: El examen. Por ello tomaremos el análisis del examen como un ritual particularmente revelador de las relaciones de poder que se establecen al interior del aula universitaria. El paradigma de investigación será predominantemente cualitativo, aunque se prevé la posibilidad de triangulación con algunos abordajes cuantitativos.

VARGAS MARTÍNEZ, Gustavo, Bolívar y el poder. México, UNAM, 1991, 195 p.

Fil: Zalazar, Oscar.

Régimen político y gobiernos locales : los municipios en las constituciones de Argentina y Chile : un estudio comparativo

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación de carácter descriptivo, cuyo objetivo ha sido comparar las coincidencias y diferencias de las normas constitucionales de ambos países referidas a los gobiernos locales, para establecer correspondencias con los regimenes políticos (democracia-dictadura) que los originaron. Utilizamos en este caso el método del estudio comparativo entre naciones (cross-national), propuesto por Jördi Cais, según el cual «El análisis entre países es un tipo de análisis comparativo que posee un margen amplio de comparaciones posibles." Se utilizó además el método de análisis de contenido y la exégesis de los textos constitucionales para establecer los términos objeto de comparación. Las conclusiones señalan que las diferencias mas importantes se centran en la amplia potestad reglamentaria que eI texto de la constitución chilena otorga al poder central. Palabras clave: Constitución. Gobierno local. Régimen político. Forma de Estado. Autonomía. Descentralización. Participación.