色林错裸鲤的年龄鉴定

本文对色林错裸鲤 (Gymnocyprisselincuoensis)的年龄、年龄形成时间以及臀鳞、背鳍条磨片和耳石磨片对年龄解释的一致性问题进行了探讨。结果表明在取样的 2 5 8尾标本中 ,臀鳞鉴定的年龄在 1～ 2 1龄之间 ,背鳍条磨片为 1～ 2 0龄 ,耳石磨片为 1～ 2 9龄。背鳍条和耳石磨片对年龄的判别能力分别为 98 4 1%和 94 4 4 % ,而臀鳞只有 6 2 30 %。在这三种年龄鉴定的材料中 ,以耳石磨片上的年轮计数最高 ;尤其是 15龄以上的个体 ,耳石磨片年龄计数与臀鳞

人工饲料对稀有鮈鲫繁殖影响的研究

静水缸中稀有鲫 2 40天养殖试验显示 ,A型人工饲料的每对亲鱼产卵次数汉源种群和彭州种群分别为15 2 5和 13 75次 ,相近于水蚯蚓为饲料的 12次和 14 5次 ;A型人工饲料产卵间隔天数分别为 15 98天和 17 46天 ,相近于水蚯蚓为饲料的 2 0 86天和 16 5 6天。循环水缸中稀有鲫 10 5天养殖试验显示 ,A型人工饲料的每对亲鱼产卵次数为 12次 ,低于水蚯蚓为饲料的 2 1 5次 ;产卵间隔天数为 8 75天 ,长于水蚯蚓为饲料的 4 88天。因此 ,用人工饲料可以实现

国产盐酸尼卡地平缓释胶囊人体药代动力学及生物利用度

目的　比较国产和进口盐酸尼卡地平 (Nic)缓释胶囊的药代动力学及生物利用度。方法　选择 12名健康志愿者随机交叉单剂量及多剂量口服两种Nic缓释胶囊 ,采用GC ECD检测 ,内标法定量测定其血药浓度。结果　两种缓释胶囊空腹给药 ,其单剂量及多剂量达稳态后经时血药浓度均呈双峰曲线 ,国产胶囊单剂量给药的主要参数 :Cmax1( 14 2± 8 2 ) μg·L-1,Cmax2 ( 16 9± 5 8) μg·L-1,Tmax1( 0 79±0 45 )h ,Tmax2 ( 5 0 8± 0 79)h ,

酵母表达的重组草鱼生长激素对鲤鱼的促生长效应

通过发酵罐放大培养 ,优化发酵参数 ,提高了重组草鱼生长激素在酵母中的表达量。以含重组草鱼生长激素的酵母裂解物投喂鱼苗 ,实验组鱼体重的增加显著高于对照组 ,体长的亦高于对照组。鱼体生化组成分析表明 :投喂转草鱼生长激素基因酵母裂解物能显著提高鱼体的干物质和蛋白含量 ,并降低鱼体脂肪酸含量

洪湖日本沼虾的种群繁殖生物学

1994年5月至1995年6月对洪湖日本沼虾的种群繁殖生物学进行了研究．洪湖日本沼虾的繁殖期为4月中旬至10月上旬，5月中旬至8月中旬为日本沼虾的繁殖高峰期，其中6月、8月雌虾抱卵率均在70％以上；日本沼虾群体中雄性总是少于雌性，月性比（♀／♂）变化于1．104－5．780之间，3—6月性比逐渐增高，7─10月性比则逐渐降低；在整个繁殖期．4─7月的抱卵虾均为前一年出生的大、中规格的个体，之后当年出生的个体在繁殖群体中逐渐占据优势；春季抱卵虾的绝对繁殖力和相对繁殖力都大于秋季抱卵虾，分别计算了绝对繁殖力、

施氏鲟的核型及DNA含量研究

采用体内注射小牛血清、肾组织细胞短期培养、常规空气干燥法制备了施氏鲟（ＡｃｉｐｅｎｓｅｒｓｃｈｒｅｎｃｋｉＢｒａｎｄｔ）的染色体，并进行了核型分析。施氏鲟二倍体的染色体为２３８±８条，其核型为７８ｍ＋１２ｓｍ＋２８ｓｔ，ｔ＋１２０±ｍｃ，ＮＦ：３２８±。以外周血红细胞为样本，鸡的红细胞为对照，用美国产的ＦＡＣＳｔａｒＰｌｕｓ流式细胞仪测定了施氏鲟二倍体细胞核的ＤＮＡ含量，其ＤＮＡ含量为鸡的５．０６倍，绝对含量为１１．７３±０．６８ｐｇ／Ｎ。

中国栅藻属三新种

对1950，1953，1955，1957和1990年在湖北省武昌县、黄陵县、江陵县、武汉市和江苏省无锡市采集的藻类标本进行分类。鉴定表明，它们是栅藻属的3个新种：纤维藻形栅藻，球刺栅藻和湖生栅藻。模式标本保存于中国科学院水生生物研究所藻类标本室（IHBA）。

武汉东湖磷含量的变动及其分布

本文总结了武汉东湖水体中磷含量(均以PO_4计算)的周年逐月季节和年际变动及其分布上的差异(1973—1985年)。按面积加权法计算总磷的平均含量为0.244毫克/升(1983—1985年),总溶解磷和溶解活性磷的平均含量分别为0.121毫克/升和0.051毫克/升(1981—1984年)。总磷和总溶解磷周年中出现两次高峰含量,即春季(3—5月)和夏末秋初(8—9月)。低含量出现在水温最低的冬季(12—2月)。周年中溶解活性磷高峰含量出现在冬末春初(1—3月),低含量多数出现在春末夏初(5—7月)。东湖水

人工饲养条件下白鱀豚的行为节律

1985年4月至1986年3月观察了饲养6年的雄性白鱀豚“淇淇”的十种宏观行为,即顺时针方向游、逆时针方向游、仰游、侧游、转游、直立、玩、性行为、捕食和休息。行为型式变换次数的统计表明,白鱀豚存在明显的食前节律和昼夜节律。另外,顺时针方向游发生在夜间为多,逆时针方向游白天发生的多。以上2种行为所占的总时间大致相等。典型的休息行为均发生在夜间,全年在1月和5—8月出现2个高峰期。4—5月和8—9月出现2个性行为高峰。转游在早晨和白天摄食后共出现1个高峰期,而且与饲养池条件有关。呼吸行为的昼夜节律不明显。

固定化假单胞菌CTP-01细胞分解对硫磷的研究

用明胶-戊二醛(GGA)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAA)包埋的固定化Pseudomonas sp.CTP-01细胞具有降解对硫磷的特性。GGA固定化细胞水解对硫磷的活力比PAA固定化细胞高5.8倍。当保存在4℃时GGA和PAA固定化细胞分别可以保持活力31.3和70%。GGA和PAA包埋的细胞最适反应温度分别为50℃到70℃和60℃到70℃,然而整细胞在温度超过65℃时活力很快下降。GGA和PAA两种固定化细胞最适pH为8.0,当pH低于7.0时活力开始下降,pH4吋则完全失活。

白鲢三倍体及其核型的研究

白鲢卵授精后3分钟冷休克处理40分钟,其出苗率为0.28％,二龄鱼检查三倍体出现频率占被检查鱼的8.5％,镶嵌体占8.5％。 白鲢染色体2n=48,3n=72。 白鲢的核型2n有10对中着丝点染色体,12对近中着丝点染色体,2对近端着丝点染色体。3n有10套中着丝点染色体,12套近中着丝点染色体,2套近端着丝点染色体。 在自然界存在某些天然三倍体种群,并以雌核发育的方式来繁殖后代,如银鲫Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch(Cherfas 1966)。 自从Fankhauser,

在葛洲坝枢纽下游首次发现性成熟的白鲟

<正> 1983年4月26日,我们在葛洲坝水利枢纽二江泄水闸下首的附近江段,采集到一尾性腺发育成熟的雌性白鲟,全长315厘米,体长263.5厘米,体重8 7公斤,性腺重11公斤。卵巢呈黑褐色,完全没有脂肪。卵粒发育均匀,形似绿豆,卵径为2.8～3.8毫米,怀卵量为74万粒,发育期为Ⅳ期(见附图)。这是在葛洲坝枢纽下游长江中首次发现的性成熟雌性白鲟。

亭子口和武都两个未成水库库区的渔业调查

<正> 随着我国社会主义建设的飞跃发展,为了水力发电、航运、防洪或者灌溉,已经普遍地展开对河流的开发利用,因此出现了很多新的人工湖泊——水库。研究如何在这些水体中发展渔业,就成为水产工作者当前的一个重要任务。我国正在进行长江流域的规划工作,嘉陵江流域的规划正是其中的一部分,然而有关渔业的参考资料比较贫乏,尚不足以作为渔业规划的依据,所以有必要对嘉陵江的渔类资源作一次较全面的调查。我所受长江流域规划办公室的委托,曾于1958年5月、8月、10月前后三次对嘉陵江及其支流渠江和涪江的渔业以及嘉陵江上游未成的亭子

Influence of dew on biomass and photosystem II activity of cyanobacterial crusts in the Hopq Desert, northwest China

Dew is an important water source for desert organisms in semiarid and arid regions. Both field and laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the possible roles of dew in growth of biomass and photosynthetic activity within cyanobacterial crust. The cyanobacteria, Microcoleus vaginatus Gom. and Scytonema javanicum (Kutz.) Born et Flah., were begun with stock cultures and sequential mass cultivations, and then the field experiment was performed by inoculating the inocula onto shifting sand for forming cyanobacterial crust during late summer and autumn of 2007 in Hopq Desert, northwest China. Measurements of dew amount and Chlorophyll a content were carried out in order to evaluate the changes in crust biomass following dew. Also, we determined the activity of photosystem II(PSII) within the crust in the laboratory by simulating the desiccation/rehydration process due to dew. Results showed that the average daily dew amount as measured by the cloth-plate method (CPM) was 0.154 mm during fifty-three days and that the crust biomass fluctuated from initial inoculation of 4.3 mu g Chlorophyll a cm(-2) sand to 5.8-7.3 mu g Chlorophyll a cm(-2) crust when dew acted as the sole water source, and reached a peak value of approximately 8.2 mu g Chlorophyll a cm(-2) crust owing to rainfalls. It indicated that there was a highly significant correlation between dew amounts and crust moistures (r = 0.897 or r = 0.882, all P < 0.0001), but not a significant correlation between dew and the biomass (r = 0.246 or r = 0.257, all P > 0.05), and thus concluded that dew might only play a relatively limited role in regulating the crust biomass. Correspondingly, we found that rains significantly facilitated biomass increase of the cyanobacterial crust. Results from the simulative experiment upon rehydration showed that approximately 80% of PSII activity could be achieved within about 50 min after rehydration in the dark and at 5 degrees C, and only about 20% of the activity was light-temperature dependent. This might mean that dew was crucial for cyanobacterial crust to rapidly activate photosynthetic activity during desiccation and rehydration despite low temperatures and weak light before dawn. It also showed in this study that the cyanobacterial crusts could receive and retain more dew than sand, which depended on microclimatic characteristics and soil properties of the crusts. It may be necessary for us to fully understanding the influence of dew on regulating the growth and activity of cyanobacterial crust, and to soundly evaluate the crust's potential application in fighting desertification because of the available water due to dew. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of changes in serum levels of growth hormone (cGH) in common carps (Cyprinus carpio)

The aim of the present study was to purify the common native carp growth hormone (ncGH), produce monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to common native carp growth hormone (ncGH), and further enhance the sensitivity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for ncGH. Additionally, we investigated changes in serum ncGH levels in carps raised in different environmental conditions. The recombinant grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) growth hormone was purified and used as antigen to immunize the rabbit. The natural ncGH was isolated from the pituitaries of common carp. SDS-PAGE and Western blot utilizing the polyclonal anti-rgcGH antibody confirmed the purification of ncGH from pituitaries. Purified ncGH was then used as an immunogen in the B lymphocyte hybridoma technique. A total of 14 hybridoma cell lines (FMU-cGH 1-14) were established that were able to stably secrete mAbs against ncGH. Among them, eight clones (FMU-cGH1-6, 12 and 13) were successfully used for Western blot while nine clones (FMU-cGH 1-7, 9 and 10) were used in fluorescent staining and immunohistochemistry. Epitope mapping by competitive ELISA demonstrated that these mAbs recognized five different epitopes. A sensitive sandwich ELISA for detection of ncGH was developed using FMU-cGH12 as the coating mAb and FMU-cGH6 as the enzyme labeled mAb. This detection system was found to be highly stable and sensitive, with detection levels of 70 pg/mL. Additionally, we found that serum ncGH levels in restricted food group and in the net cage group increased 6.9-and 5.8-fold, respectively, when compared to controls, demonstrating differences in the GH stress response in common carp under different living conditions.