Beneficial Effects of Adiponectin on Periodontal Ligament Cells under Normal and Regenerative Conditions

Type 2 diabetes and obesity are increasing worldwide and linked to periodontitis, a chronic disease which is characterized by the irreversible destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues, that is, periodontium. The mechanisms underlying the association of diabetes mellitus and obesity with periodontal destruction and compromised periodontal healing are not well understood, but decreased plasma levels of adiponectin, as found in diabetic and obese individuals, might be a critical mechanistic link. The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the effects of adiponectin on periodontal ligament (PDL) cells under normal and regenerative conditions, and to study the regulation of adiponectin and its receptors in these cells. Adiponectin stimulated significantly the expression of growth factors and extracellular matrix, proliferation, and in vitro wound healing, reduced significantly the constitutive tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression, and caused a significant upregulation of its own expression. The beneficial actions of enamel matrix derivative on a number of PDL cell functions critical for periodontal regeneration were partially enhanced by adiponectin. The periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibited the adiponectin expression and stimulated the expression of its receptors. In conclusion, reduced levels of adiponectin, as found in type 2 diabetes and obesity, may compromise periodontal health and healing.

Oxidative Stress in Maternal Blood and Placenta From Mild Diabetic Rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cardiac Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Diabetic Rat Treated with Resveratrol

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Development of organic-inorganic polymeric film formers for controlled drug release and wound care

Film forming polymeric systems represents a new and unexplored technology of systems forskin or wounds protection and for controlled drug release. The aim of this work was to study the use of polymeric organic-inorganic ureasil-polyether hybrids synthesized by the sol-gel process as film forming system containing silver sulfadiazine as model drug. The film formationtime can be controlled by changing the precursor/catalyst ratio used during the step of hydrolysis and condensations. The results showed that the precursor/catalyst proportion influences both the visual characteristics and time required to form the film. The precursor/catalyst ratio equal to 20.8 m/v was considered ideal due to promote the homogeneous and transparent film formation in less than 5 minutes. The release profile of sulfadiazine is dependent on the characteristics of the matrixes: matrix more hydrophobic as ureasil-POP provided a slowed released mainly due to the low swelling of the matrix. The more hydrophilic ureasil-POE matrix presents a large capacity to swell and favors the faster release of the drug. The set of results showed the possibility of future use of these systems for treating wounds caused by burns.

Modulation of Immune Response by RAGE and TLR4 Signalling in PBMCs of Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Microbiological changes after periodontal therapy in diabetic patients with inadequate metabolic control

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Chitosan-alginate membranes accelerate wound healing

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of chitosan-alginate membrane to accelerate wound healing in experimental cutaneous wounds. Two wounds were performed in Wistar rats by punching (1.5 cm diameter), treated with membranes moistened with saline solution (CAM group) or with saline only (SL group). After 2, 7, 14, and 21 days of surgery, five rats of each group were euthanized and reepithelialization was evaluated. The wounds/scars were harvested for histological, flow cytometry, neutrophil infiltrate, and hydroxyproline analysis. CAM group presented higher inflammatory cells recruitment as compared to SL group on 2nd day. On the 7th day, CAM group showed higher CD11b+ level and lower of neutrophils than SL group. The CAM group presented higher CD4+ cells influx than SL group on 2nd day, but it decreased during the follow up and became lower on 14th and 21st days. Higher fibroplasia was noticed on days 7 and 14 as well as higher collagenesis on 21st in the CAM group in comparison to SL group. CAM group showed faster reepithelialization on 7th day than SL group, although similar in other days. In conclusion, chitosan-alginate membrane modulated the inflammatory phase, stimulated fibroplasia and collagenesis, accelerating wound healing process in rats.

Mast cell concentration and skin wound contraction in rats treated with Brazilian pepper essential oil (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi)

PURPOSE: To evaluate wound contraction and the concentration of mast cells in skin wounds treated with 5% BPT essential oil-based ointment in rats. METHODS: Twenty rats, male, of adult age, were submitted to skin surgery on the right (RA) and left antimeres (LA) of the thoracic region. They were divided into two groups: control (RA - wounds receiving daily topical application of vaseline and lanolin) and treated (LA - wounds treated daily with the topical ointment). The skin region with wounds were collected at days 4, 7, 14 and 21 after surgery. Those were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and later processed for paraffin embedding. Sections were obtained and stained by H.E for histopathology analysis. The degree of epithelial contraction was measured and mast cell concentration were also evaluated. RESULTS: The treated group showed higher mast cell concentrations (p<0.05) associated with increased contraction at day 7 and 14 respectively. CONCLUSION: Ointment containing 5% Brazilian pepper tree oil increases mast cell concentration and promotes skin wound contraction in rats.

Oxidative DNA damage in diabetic and mild gestational hyperglycemic pregnant women

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of moderate intensity exercise on the reproductive performance of diabetic rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Long term repercussions in the offspring of diabetic rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)