Catalogs of Michigan-based automobile companies.

Mode of access: Internet.

Socialism as it is; a survey of the world-wide revolutionary movement,

Mode of access: Internet.

The Southern quarterly review.

Imprint varies: 1842, New Orleans, La. : [s.n.]; 1842-1855, Charleston, S.C. : [s.n.]; 1856-1857?, Columbia, S.C. : [s.n.].

Refutacion completa del sistema del contagio de la peste y demas enfermedades epidémicas en general : reflexiones escritas /

Mode of access: Internet.

A natural history of the British butterflies ; their world-wide variation and geographical distribution. A text-book for students and collectors.

Volume 4 edited by George Wheeler.

Annales scientifiques de l'École normale supérieure.

Latest issue consulted: 4e sér., t. 37, fasc. 2 (mars-avril 2004) (Surrogate)

Torrey and Alexander, the story of a world-wide revival; a record and study of the work and personality of the evangelists R. A. Torrey, D. D., and Charles M. Alexander,

Mode of access: Internet.

Revue internationale de sociologie.

Published: Rome, 1954-1985; Milan : Franco Angeli, 1987-1988; Rome : Borla, 1989-1994; Abingdon : Carfax Pub. Company, <1996->

Alexander Legge, 1866-1933; the life story of a truly great American who loved and served his country well, who achieved world-wide distinction as an industrial leader, as a patriotic public servant and as the devoted friend and champion of all who till the soil,

Mode of access: Internet.

Memorias de las luchas por la recuperación de la tierra. La configuración de la identidad política y organizativa del resguardo indígena de Cañamomo Lomaprieta-Caldas-Colombia

Las luchas por el territorio desde los inicios del siglo XX, han sido un factor fundamental para la pervivencia del pueblo indígena perteneciente al Resguardo indígena de Cañamomo Lomaprieta, ubicado en los municipios de Riosucio y Supía ? departamento de Caldas-Colombia. Acontecidas en diferentes momentos de los siglos XX y XXI, estas luchas han entramado el tejido comunitario y organizativo, constituyendo uno de los hilos de la identidad indígena. Las memorias de estas luchas, presentes en la historia oral trasmitida generacionalmente, se constituyen en los puentes que permiten comprender la violencia política actual desde la violencia política de momentos anteriores. De esta manera, las narraciones de las luchas territoriales, van evidenciando la existencia de memorias largas que configuran sentidos, dimensiones y explicaciones frente al actual conflicto político y armado presente en los territorios rurales de Colombia

Natural language processing as a foundation of the semantic Web

The main argument of this paper is that Natural Language Processing (NLP) does, and will continue to, underlie the Semantic Web (SW), including its initial construction from unstructured sources like the World Wide Web (WWW), whether its advocates realise this or not. Chiefly, we argue, such NLP activity is the only way up to a defensible notion of meaning at conceptual levels (in the original SW diagram) based on lower level empirical computations over usage. Our aim is definitely not to claim logic-bad, NLP-good in any simple-minded way, but to argue that the SW will be a fascinating interaction of these two methodologies, again like the WWW (which has been basically a field for statistical NLP research) but with deeper content. Only NLP technologies (and chiefly information extraction) will be able to provide the requisite RDF knowledge stores for the SW from existing unstructured text databases in the WWW, and in the vast quantities needed. There is no alternative at this point, since a wholly or mostly hand-crafted SW is also unthinkable, as is a SW built from scratch and without reference to the WWW. We also assume that, whatever the limitations on current SW representational power we have drawn attention to here, the SW will continue to grow in a distributed manner so as to serve the needs of scientists, even if it is not perfect. The WWW has already shown how an imperfect artefact can become indispensable.

Supporting English language teachers doing further degrees at a distance:a web based strategy researched

This thesis explores how the world-wide-web can be used to support English language teachers doing further studies at a distance. The future of education worldwide is moving towards a requirement that we, as teacher educators, use the latest web technology not as a gambit, but as a viable tool to improve learning. By examining the literature on knowledge, teacher education and web training, a model of teacher knowledge development, along with statements of advice for web developers based upon the model are developed. Next, the applicability and viability of both the model and statements of advice are examined by developing a teacher support site (bttp://www. philseflsupport. com) according to these principles. The data collected from one focus group of users from sixteen different countries, all studying on the same distance Masters programme, is then analysed in depth. The outcomes from the research are threefold: A functioning website that is averaging around 15, 000 hits a month provides a professional contribution. An expanded model of teacher knowledge development that is based upon five theoretical principles that reflect the ever-expanding cyclical nature of teacher learning provides an academic contribution. A series of six statements of advice for developers of teacher support sites. These statements are grounded in the theoretical principles behind the model of teacher knowledge development and incorporate nine keys to effective web facilitation. Taken together, they provide a forward-looking contribution to the praxis of web supported teacher education, and thus to the potential dissemination of the research presented here. The research has succeeded in reducing the proliferation of terminology in teacher knowledge into a succinct model of teacher knowledge development. The model may now be used to further our understanding of how teachers learn and develop as other research builds upon the individual study here. NB: Appendix 4 is only available only available for consultation at Aston University Library with prior arrangement.

Clustering web documents using hierarchical representation with multi-granularity

Web document cluster analysis plays an important role in information retrieval by organizing large amounts of documents into a small number of meaningful clusters. Traditional web document clustering is based on the Vector Space Model (VSM), which takes into account only two-level (document and term) knowledge granularity but ignores the bridging paragraph granularity. However, this two-level granularity may lead to unsatisfactory clustering results with “false correlation”. In order to deal with the problem, a Hierarchical Representation Model with Multi-granularity (HRMM), which consists of five-layer representation of data and a twophase clustering process is proposed based on granular computing and article structure theory. To deal with the zero-valued similarity problemresulted from the sparse term-paragraphmatrix, an ontology based strategy and a tolerance-rough-set based strategy are introduced into HRMM. By using granular computing, structural knowledge hidden in documents can be more efficiently and effectively captured in HRMM and thus web document clusters with higher quality can be generated. Extensive experiments show that HRMM, HRMM with tolerancerough-set strategy, and HRMM with ontology all outperform VSM and a representative non VSM-based algorithm, WFP, significantly in terms of the F-Score.