La mobilitat internacional d'estudiants de la Facultat de Biblioteconomia i Documentació de la Universitat de Barcelona en el marc del programa Erasmus: perspectiva i valoració

We review the participation of the Faculty of Library Sciences and Documentation of the University of Barcelona in the Erasmus program since 1993. In general, student participation has been low. We present the results of a study conducted in May 2007 among the students of the Faculty, designed a) to assess their experience of the Erasmus program and their evaluation of it and b) to promote student participation. Though the vast majority of students have heard of the Erasmus program, their awareness of specific aspects of the program is relatively low

Using sport to cope with cystic fibrosis

After a relatively normal childhood, people suffering from cystic fibrosis reach a stage where they are progressively confronted with increasingly crippling functional limitations. Some of them nonetheless regularly undertake physical and/or sporting activity. It is then interesting to examine the process of commitment to a practice that is based on the idea of progress and often exceptional performance by the body but which, for these people, makes the decline of their physical capacities particularly salient. The qualitative survey combines participant observation with 35 semi-directive interviews with sportsmen and women with cystic fibrosis. Their commitment to sport, constructed by/with the family is initially first aimed maintaining a form of control over their identity but progressively becomes a means of controlling the illness trajectory. Lung transplant, when possible, relaunches the practice in relation to its initial interests.

Social Capital and Sport Governance in Europe

Although there is significant interest in the social role of sport in fostering civil society from both policymakers and academics, there is a lack of evidence of the specific role of sport federations in this system. This book critically presents the mechanisms and structures in a selection of sport federations within a variety of European countries that illuminate the varied relationships between not-for-profit sport federations, their members, governments and the citizens they represent. The contributors explore the contrasts and synergies between core social capital theoretical perspectives, and how these may be informed by and/or shape the realities of governance from different perspectives within the sport system.

Associations of physical activity and sport and exercise with at-risk substance use in young men: a longitudinal study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to measure the associations of physical activity and one of its components, sport and exercise, with at-risk substance use in a population of young men. METHOD: Baseline (2010-2012) and follow-up (2012-2013) data of 4748 young Swiss men from the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF) were used. Cross-sectional and prospective associations between at-risk substance use and both sport and exercise and physical activities were measured using Chi-squared tests and logistic regression models adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: At baseline, logistic regression indicated that sport and exercise is negatively associated with at-risk use of cigarettes and cannabis. A positive association was obtained between physical activity and at-risk alcohol use. At baseline, sport and exercise was negatively associated with at-risk use of cigarettes and cannabis at follow-up. Adjusted for sport and exercise, physical activity was positively associated with at-risk use of cigarettes and cannabis. CONCLUSION: Sport and exercise is cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with a low prevalence of at-risk use of cigarettes and cannabis. This protective effect was not observed for physical activity broadly defined. Taking a substance use prevention perspective, the promotion of sport and exercise among young adults should be encouraged.

A Qualitative Exploration of the Psychological Contents and Dynamics of Momentum in Sport

While studies on triggers and outcomes of Psychological Momentum (PM) exist, little is known about the dynamics by which PM emerges and develops over time. Based on video-assisted recalls of PM experiences in table tennis and swimming competitions, this research qualitatively explored the triggering processes, contents, and the development of PM over time. PM was found to be triggered by mechanisms of dissonance, consonance, or fear of not winning. During the PM experience, participants reported a variety of perceptions, affects and emotions, cognitions, and behaviors, and PM was found to develop through processes of amplification that sometimes ended with a reduction of efforts when the victory or defeat was perceived as certain. These findings are discussed in light of theories on self-regulation and reactance-helplessness. From a practical standpoint, achievement goal-based strategies are suggested, since mastery-approach goals were found to be endorsed to maintain positive PM and overcome negative PM

Oui à la chasse au dopage pour la santé des athlètes et du sport [Sports and athletes deserve doping runting].

Cet article se veut une revue des effets ergogéniques et potentiellement délétères des principaux compléments alimentaires consommés par les sportifs populaires ou d'élite. De nombreux produits sont proposés sur le marché avec des allégations prometteuses, le plus souvent sans preuve scientifique sur leur validité ou leur innocuité. Les antioxydants n'augmentent ni la force ni l'endurance. La créatine améliore la capacité de récupération pour les exercices en intervalle anaérobie mais pas en course à pied ni en natation. L'hormone de croissance et les stéroïdes anabolisants augmentent la synthèse protéique et la masse maigre mais comportent des effets secondaires graves et souvent irréversibles. Les médecins, les diététiciens et les fédérations sportives ont un rôle important à jouer dans l'information et la prévention, afin d'éviter des attitudes néfastes pour la santé, pouvant même créer des addictions. This article reviews the evidence-based ergogenic potential adverse effects of the most common products in use by recreational and elite athletes today. This is an aggressively marketed and controversial area of sports medicine wordwide. It is therefore important for the scientific societies, clinicians, dieticians sports federations to be well versed in the more popular supplements and drugs in order to have an important role in information and prevention attitudes that can lead to health risks or addictions!

A convenção internacional sobre os direitos da criança: debates e tensões

Neste artigo, revisitamos a literatura sobre o contexto sociopolítico e o texto da Convenção Internacional sobre os Direitos da Criança, bem como algumas de suas repercussões no Brasil. Nosso interesse de apresentar e discutir a literatura sobre a Convenção decorre não só da escassez da bibliografia brasileira, apesar da célere ratificação do documento pelo Brasil e de ele ter inspirado a elaboração do art. 227 da Constituição Brasileira de 1988 e do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Deriva, sobretudo, de sua inovação na representação de infância e dos direitos da criança e, em consequência, da intensa e instigante produção acadêmica que tem provocado no hemisfério norte. Além disso, parece-nos urgente que a sociedade brasileira disponha de embasamento mais consistente sobre os marcos legais que adota

¿Trabajadores inmigrantes y acción colectiva: una panorámica sobre las relaciones entre inmigración internacional y sindicalismo en Europa?

Las organizaciones sindicales han mantenido, a lo largo del tiempo, una doble posición en relación a los fenómenos migratorios. Por un lado, han reclamado la igualdad de derechos sociales y económicos entre trabajadores inmigrantes y autóctonos como estrategia para oponerse a las intenciones de la patronal y la concurrencia entre trabajadores. Por otro lado, desde una posición defensiva, han tendido a exigir un control estatal restrictivo de la inmigración, manifestando un pragmatismo y una fuerte tendencia hacia la ideología del proteccionismo nacional sobre el mercado de trabajo. En este artículo queremos poner en perspectiva las relaciones entre trabajo inmigrante y sindicalismo, en particular tomando como ejemplo algunos de los países europeos en los que, en tanto que «importadores de mano de obra», la cuestión de la inmigración ha tenido una mayor incidencia a lo largo del siglo XX. En la última parte del texto se insiste en que las relaciones del sindicalismo con el trabajo inmigrante no pueden analizarse separadamente del proceso de reformulación de las formas de representación del trabajo y la cultura obrera.