The transport systems of Latin American cities: how they might better serve the needs of the poor

Includes bibliography

La política cambiaria en América Latina a comienzos de los años noventa

Incluye Bibliografía

Desigualdad horizontal y discriminación étnica en cuatro países latinoamericanos: notas analíticas para una propuesta de políticas

En este trabajo se analiza la discriminación étnica para México, con referencia a Chile, Colombia y Perú, desde la óptica de la desigualdad horizontal.

Centroamérica y República Dominicana: estadísticas de hidrocarburos, 2014

Este documento presenta cuadros regionales y nacionales con datos estadísticos del subsector hidrocarburos de los ocho países que conforman el Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana (SICA): Belice, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá y la República Dominicana.

Variáveis hematológicas em tambaquis anestesiados com óleo de cravo e benzocaína

The objective of this work was to evaluate the anesthetic effect of clove oil and benzocaine on the hematology and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Thirty adult fish were evaluated in three treatments: a control, without anesthetic; anesthesia with clove oil at 50 mg L-1; and anesthesia with benzocaine at 100 mg L-1. Blood was collected for hemogram determination, and a test for the erithrocyte osmotic-fragility was applied. The utilized doses of clove oil and benzocaine are not appropriate for hematologic studies to establish reference values for tambaqui because they cause significant changes of the hematologic parameters, such as leukocytosis and iatrogenic hemolysis.

Application of Reactions Norms in Study of Genotype Environmental Interaction for Milk Yield of Buffaloes

The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for milk yield (MY) in buffaloes using reaction norms. Model included the additive direct effect as random and contemporary group (herd and year of birth) were included as fixed effects and cow age classes (linear) as covariables. The animal additive direct random effect was modeled through linear Legendre polynomials on environment gradient (EG) standardized means. Mean trends were taken into account by a linear regression on Legendre polynomials of environmental group means. Residual variance was modeled trough 6 heterogeneity classes (EG). These classes of residual variance was formed : EG1: mean = 866,93 kg (621,68 kg-1011,76 kg); EG2: mean = 1193,00 kg (1011,76 kg-1251,49 kg); EG3: mean = 1309,37 kg (1251,49 kg -1393,20 kg); EG4: mean = 1497,59 kg (1393,20 kg-1593,53 kg); EG5: mean = 1664,78 kg (1593,53 kg -1727,32kg) e EG6: mean = 1973,85 kg (1727,32 kg -2422,19 kg).(Co) variance functions were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood (REML) using the GIBBS3F90 package. The heritability estimates for MY raised as the environmental gradient increased, varying from 0.20 to 0.40. However, in intermediate to favorable environments, the heritability estimates obtained with Considerable genotype-environment interaction was found for MY using reaction norms. For genetic evaluation of MY is necessary to consider heterogeneity of variances to model the residual variance.

Acute Toxicity by Water Containing Hexavalent or Trivalent Chromium in Native Brazilian Fish, Piaractus mesopotamicus: Anatomopathological Alterations and Mortality

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Spirituality/religiosity and cardiovascular system

Introduction: Spirituality/religiosity is associated to well-being. In this article, we describe the association between spirituality/religiosity and cardiovascular system. Materials and methods: We performed searches using Medline, SciELO, Lilacs and Cochrane databases using crossing between the keywords “spirituality,” “cardiovascular system,” “parasympathetic nervous system,” and “sympathetic nervous system.”Results: The electronic search yielded 65 references by crossing the terms “spirituality” and “cardiovascular system.” Among these, the first round of elimination resulted in exclusion of 55 titles and abstracts that were not clearly related to the subject of the review. The titles of the remaining 10 abstracts were submitted to a final evaluation that accounted for the inclusion criteria. An investigation into the reference lists confirmed the absence of relevant documents. Summaries of the analysed studies were selected. Discussion: Among 10 studies selected, 8 of them indicated that spirituality/religiosity is very important for the cardiovascular system, whereas only 2 found no significant association between the two variables in women. Conclusion: We suggest that spirituality/religiosity is an alternative and non-pharmacological therapy for cardiovascular disorders.

Thermoregulatory consequences of salt loading in the lizard Pogona vitticeps

Previous research has demonstrated that dehydration increases the threshold temperature for panting and decreases the thermal preference of lizards. Conversely, it is unknown whether thermoregulatory responses such as shuttling and gaping are similarly influenced. Shuttling, as an active behavioural response, is considered one of the most effective thermoregulatory behaviours, whereas gaping has been proposed to be involved in preventing brain over-heating in lizards. In this study we examined the effect of salt loading, a proxy for increased plasma osmolality, on shuttling and gaping in Pogona vitticeps. Then, we determined the upper and lower escape ambient temperatures (UETa and LETa), the percentage of time spent gaping, the metabolic rate ((V) over dot(O2)), the evaporative water loss (EWL) during gaping and non-gaping intervals and the evaporative effectiveness (EWL/(V) over dot(O2)) of gaping. All experiments were performed under isotonic (154 mmol l(-1)) and hypertonic saline injections (625, 1250 or 2500 mmol l(-1)). Only the highest concentration of hypertonic saline altered the UETa and LETa, but this effect appeared to be the result of diminishing the animal's propensity to move, instead of any direct reduction in thermoregulatory set-points. Nevertheless, the percentage of time spent gaping was proportionally reduced according to the saline concentration; (V) over dot(O2) was also decreased after salt loading. Thermographic images revealed lower head than body surface temperatures during gaping; however this difference was inhibited after salt loading. Our data suggest that EWL/(V) over dot(O2) is raised during gaping, possibly contributing to an increase in heat transfer away from the lizard, and playing a role in head or brain cooling.

Calibração e validação de um método de medida da radiação solar global por meio de actinógrafos baseada em técnicas de processamento de imagens digitais

O objetivo do trabalho é desenvolver um sistema informático de digitalização e processamento de actinogramas baseado em técnicas de Processamento de Imagens Digitais e comparar com o sistema tradicional de medidas. Os actinogramas foram fornecidos pela Estação Meteorológica de Botucatu (FCA/UNESP). As análises preliminares indicam um desempenho satisfatório do software proposto, gerando medidas na mesma ordem de grandeza do método de referência para partição diária. O software proposto pertence a um projeto que se encontra ainda em andamento, onde rotinas de técnicas diversas continuam sendo implementadas no reconhecimento da curva de interesse para melhorar a qualidade do processamento das informações gráficas dos actinogramas. Os actinogramas estão em fase de digitalização para que o software possa ser testado com uma base de dados mais consistente, onde poderão ser identificados tendências temporais dos dados resultantes da aplicação das técnicas de Processamento de Imagens Digitais no monitoramento da radiação solar por actinógrafos.

Fluorose dentária em Araraquara-SP: prevalência, severidade e associação com fatores de risco

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Barbara Kirwan Papers - Accession 355

This collection consists of bylaws, constitutions, reports, and related records pertaining to the American Society of Interior Designers, Interior Design Educators Council, Foundation for Interior Design Education, the American Home Economics Association, and the South Carolina Home Economics Association; together with Kirwan’s teaching files and faculty information, including tests, classroom grade books and student papers, photographs, Winthrop committee papers, interior design projects, and correspondence.

Walter B. Roberts Collection - Accession 485

This collection consists of black and white photographs autographed by the entertainers who performed at Winthrop College as part of the institution’s Artist Series program, a photograph of the Winthrop College Poetry Society including Dr. David B. Johnson, founder and first president of Winthrop, and photographs of Walter B. Roberts and other Winthrop College Professors as well as visiting instructors from Julliard School of Music. Artists include Jasha Heifetz, Jan Peerce, Will Rogers, Arthur Rubenstein, Risë Stevens, Vienna Choir Boys and many others.

Master Coqservationists Presentations - 2007

Before announcing our honorees this evening, I would like to call your attention to results of an independent study done for the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln during the past year. The "At Work for Nebraska" study was done by Battelle, of Columbus, Ohio, which is a nonprofit research and development organization specializing in global science and technology. The independent study found that our Institute provides a 15-to-one return on every tax dollar invested with us. That's 15-to-one conservatively. We all wish we could get that return on all our own investments. I encourage you to browse our At Work for Nebraska Web Site for additional results of the study. You can find out more about this study which relates to our efforts in natural resources and other areas on the web at the address atworkfornebraska.unl.edu. I encourage you to check it out.