UTILIZACIÓN DEL CATÁLOGO EN LÍNEA DEL SISTEMA DE INFORMACIÓN DOCUMENTAL DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL POR LOS USUARIOS DE LA BIBLIOTECA “JOAQUÍN GARCÍA MONGE”: GRADO DE CONOCIMIENTO

¿Qué grado de conocimiento y éxito en la localización de la información tienen los usuarios de la Biblioteca “Joaquín García Monge” en la utilización del catálogo en línea del Sistema de Información Documental de la Universidad Nacional (SIDUNA), Heredia, Costa Rica?. 

Electracy in Praxis: Pedagogical Relays for an Undergraduate Writing Curriculum

The paradigm shift from traditional print literacy to the postmodern fragmentation, nonlinearity, and multimodality of writing for the Internet is realized in Gregory L. Ulmer’s electracy theory. Ulmer’s open invitation to continually invent the theory has resulted in the proliferation of relays, or weak models, by electracy advocates for understanding and applying the theory. Most relays, however, remain theoretical rather than practical for the writing classroom, and electracy instruction remains rare, potentially hindering the theory’s development. In this dissertation, I address the gap in electracy praxis by adapting, developing, and remixing relays for a functional electracy curriculum with first-year writing students in the Virginia Community College System as the target audience. I review existing electracy relays, pedagogical applications, and assessment practices – Ulmer’s and those of electracy advocates – before introducing my own relays, which take the form of modules. My proposed relay modules are designed for adaptability with the goals of introducing digital natives to the logic of new media and guiding instructors to possible implementations of electracy. Each module contains a justification, core competencies and learning outcomes, optional readings, an assignment with supplemental exercises, and assessment criteria. My Playlist, Transduction, and (Sim)ulation relays follow sound backward curricular design principles and emphasize core hallmarks of electracy as juxtaposed alongside literacy. This dissertation encourages the instruction of new media in Ulmer’s postmodern apparatus in which student invention via the articulation of fragments from various semiotic modes stems from and results in new methodologies for and understandings of digital communication.

Preferential location of lidocaine and etidocaine in lecithin bilayers as determined by EPR, fluorescence and H-2 NMR

We have examined the effect of the uncharged species of lidocaine (LDC) and etidocaine (EDC) on the acyl chain moiety of egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes. Changes in membrane organization caused by both anesthetics were detected through the use of EPR spin labels (5, 7 and 12 doxyl stearic acid methyl ester) or fluorescence probes (4, 6, 10, 16 pyrene-fatty acids). The disturbance caused by the LA was greater when the probes were inserted in more external positions of the acyl chain and decreased towards the hydrophobic core of the membrane. The results indicate a preferential insertion of LDC at the polar interface of the bilayer and in the first half of the acyl chain, for EDC. Additionally, 2 H NMR spectra of multilamellar liposomes composed by acyl chain-perdeutero DMPC and EPC (1:4 mol%) allowed the determination of the segmental order (S-mol) and dynamics (T-1) of the acyl chain region. In accordance to the fluorescence and EPR results, changes in molecular orientation and dynamics are more prominent if the LA preferential location is more superficial, as for LDC while EDC seems to organize the acyl chain region between carbons 2-8, which is indicative of its positioning. We propose that the preferential location of LDC and EDC inside the bilayers creates a "transient site", which is related to the anesthetic potency since it could modulate the access of these molecules to their binding site(s) in the voltage-gated sodium channel. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

EL CONOCIMIENTO Y LA INNOVACION COMO EJES ESTRATEGICOS DE LA COMPETITIVIDAD

Resumen Las condiciones de competitividad tanto empresarial como de los países, son el resultado de una estrategia consistente y sostenida vinculada con la transferencia desde los centros de investigación y desarrollo (I+D) de conocimiento y de tecnología para brindar  una respuesta oportuna e innovadora a las empresas y al país ante mercados internos e internacionales cada vez más exigentes y competitivos; estos esfuerzos sumados a otros a nivel macroeconómico, meso y meta, que en conjunto facilitan un crecimiento de la productividad del trabajo, un incremento de los ingresos per cápita mediante mejores salarios reales, adecuados niveles de capacitación y un aprovechamiento racional de los recursos naturales. Se expone el caso particular de Costa Rica, país que ha generado estrategias e inversiones dirigidas a la educación y la tecnología, lo cual ha posibilitado alcanzar adecuadas posiciones en los clasificadores mundiales. Abstract Conditions of managerial and country’s competitiveness are the result of a consistent and sustained strategy linked with transfer of knowledge and technology from the investigation and development centers to enterprises. They offer an opportune and innovative answer for companies and countries, which are facing a strong competition in the local and international markets. Additionally, the public policy on the macroeconomic, meso and meta levels improve the growth production, labor productivity, incomes per capita and wages, as well as the use of natural resources. Therefore, Costa Rica has generated strategies and investments to reach appropriate positions in the world wide competition.

Bacterial communities of the specialty crop phyllosphere: response to biological soil amendment use, rainfall, and insect visitation

Microorganisms in the plant rhizosphere, the zone under the influence of roots, and phyllosphere, the aboveground plant habitat, exert a strong influence on plant growth, health, and protection. Tomatoes and cucumbers are important players in produce safety, and the microbial life on their surfaces may contribute to their fitness as hosts for foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes. External factors such as agricultural inputs and environmental conditions likely also play a major role. However, the relative contributions of the various factors at play concerning the plant surface microbiome remain obscure, although this knowledge could be applied to crop protection from plant and human pathogens. Recent advances in genomic technology have made investigations into the diversity and structure of microbial communities possible in many systems and at multiple scales. Using Illumina sequencing to profile particular regions of the 16S rRNA gene, this study investigates the influences of climate and crop management practices on the field-grown tomato and cucumber microbiome. The first research chapter (Chapter 3) involved application of 4 different soil amendments to a tomato field and profiling of harvest-time phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial communities. Factors such as water activity, soil texture, and field location influenced microbial community structure more than soil amendment use, indicating that field conditions may exert more influence on the tomato microbiome than certain agricultural inputs. In Chapter 4, the impact of rain on tomato and cucumber-associated microbial community structures was evaluated. Shifts in bacterial community composition and structure were recorded immediately following rain events, an effect which was partially reversed after 4 days and was strongest on cucumber fruit surfaces. Chapter 5 focused on the contribution of insect visitors to the tomato microbiota, finding that insects introduced diverse bacterial taxa to the blossom and green tomato fruit microbiome. This study advances our understanding of the factors that influence the microbiomes of tomato and cucumber. Farms are complex environments, and untangling the interactions between farming practices, the environment, and microbial diversity will help us develop a comprehensive understanding of how microbial life, including foodborne pathogens, may be influenced by agricultural conditions.

EL SECTOR TURISMO: SU APORTE A LA ECONOMÍA

El turismo en una economía es uno de los sectores que merece un análisis cuidadoso, ya que se ha convertido en la actividad que favorece las exportaciones mundiales, y generado mayoringreso y fuentes de trabajo, tanto directas como indirectas, en pequeñas y medianas empresas familiares1 (PyMES), con lo cual a través de ellas este sector fortalece sus ingresos y la  distribución de la riqueza, aspectos fundamentales para el  crecimiento económico de las naciones. Es para muchos países en desarrollo, una estrategia para  competir y desarrollar el sector servicios, el cual es altamente dinámico en la actualidad alrededor de la orbe; por otra parte, ha permitido generar un impacto multiplicador para que los países mejoren su infraestructura física y de comunicaciones, aspectos que son fundamentales para lograr una mejor posición competitividad en los mercados internacionales; además, la expansión de este sector ha generado mayores ingresos al gobierno a través de la recaudación de impuestos a esta actividad.

EL ENFOQUE DE COMPETITIVIDAD SISTÉMICA COMO ESTRATEGIA PARA EL MEJORAMIENTO DEL ENTORNO EMPRESARIAL

Desde los años noventa se observa en Costa Rica al igual que en la región latinoamericana una menor polarización entre las principales escuelas económicas al analizar el tema del papel del Estado en la creación de condiciones para el desarrollo de la competitividad empresarial. A lo anterior ha contribuido el amplio debate que se viene dando en los últimos años sobre los procesos mas recientes de industrialización, caracterizados en algunos casos por la ausencia de logros positivos en materia de sostenibilidad y en otros por la existencia de resultados exitosos de las políticas adoptadas.Precisamente, en relación a la experiencia del Sudeste Asiático, Smith (2000: Xii) sostiene que "hay dificultades para explicar el éxito de la industrialización de estas economías en los términos de las teorías tradicionales y en consecuencia, se está poniendo mayor atención a nuevos enfoques de política industrial como el de seleccionar ganadores y el de los mercados gobernados".

Uma cidade para pessoas: funcionalidade, racionalidade e emotividade nas relações mobiliário urbano, espaço público e cidadãos

This research investigates how functionality, rationality, and emotionality applied to urban furniture design contribute to the organization, legibility, and qualification of public spaces, according to different layouts, physical and visual qualities of the urban furniture as well as the quality of urban infrastructure that may influence the uses and appropriation of urban spaces by pedestrians, turning those spaces into socially centripetal or centrifugal places. The work consists of two parts. First refers to a bibliographical review concerning two main issues of the investigation: product design and legibility of public space, defining the conceptual and theoretical bases, linked to methodological strategies aimed at systemic planning and integrated management of urban furniture design and legibility of public spaces (sidewalks), that are necessary to define the existing relationships among the user s interface (pedestrians); product (urban artifacts); built environment (sidewalks). The second part refers to the achievement of empirical approach throughout visual analysis of public spaces and the functional and qualitative evaluation of the existing urban furniture in the central neighborhood of Cidade Alta, Natal, RN, according to the theoretical researched concepts and methodological procedures. The results expose the weaknesses and levels of intensity arising from the relations among public space, urban furniture, and users, revealing the need for theoretical and practical approaches which would help the decision-making in planning, designing and integrating innovative, sustainable, and ethical solutions in order to design attractive public spaces that could provide sociability and citizenship throughout integrated public management, city systemic thinking and urban identity. The suggested guidelines at the end of this research will provide the necessary strategies to design suitable urban furniture systems according to aesthetic and practical urban infrastructure and city context, aiming to ease visual and physical conflicts that may negatively interfere with the appropriation of public spaces by the citizens

Estudos hidroquímicos da água produzida de um determinado campo de petróleo da bacia potiguar

Waste generated during the exploration and production of oil, water stands out due to various factors including the volume generated, the salt content, the presence of oil and chemicals and the water associated with oil is called produced water. The chemical composition of water is complex and depends strongly on the field generator, because it was in contact with the geological formation for thousands of years. This work aims to characterize the hydrochemical water produced in different areas of a field located in the Potiguar Basin. We collected 27 samples from 06 zones (400, 600, 400/600, 400/450/500, 350/400, A) the producing field called S and measured 50 required parameter divided between physical and chemical parameters, cations and anions. In hydrochemical characterization was used as tools of reasons ionic calculations, diagrams and they hydrochemical classification diagram Piper and Stiff diagram and also the statistic that helped in the identification of signature patterns for each production area including the area that supplies water injected this field for secondary oil recovery. The ionic balance error was calculated to assess the quality of the results of the analysis that was considered good, because 89% of the samples were below 5% error. Hydrochemical diagrams classified the waters as sodium chloride, with the exception of samples from Area A, from the injection well, which were classified as sodium bicarbonate. Through descriptive analysis and discriminant analysis was possible to obtain a function that differs chemically production areas, this function had a good hit rate of classification was 85%

Capacitación de conocimientos administrativos y contables realizada en la Corporación “Sigue Mis Huellas”

Bogotá (Colombia) : Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas y Contables. Programa de Contaduría Pública

Fun, flow, and fitness: opinions for making more effective active videogames

Despite active videogames' popularity and ability to increase a player's energy expenditure, research indicates their use sharply declines over time, which limits their utility in promoting physical activity. A frequent criticism is that a player's interest is quickly exhausted. At the preconference of the International Society of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2014, a group of investigators and videogame developers gathered to share lessons learned from using serious videogames in health behavior change and offer insight to guide future efforts.