1000 resultados para Riscos de contaminação


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The morphometric study in watersheds is a key part to managing watersheds, because from the morphometric indices can determine the risks and potential of each watershed and assess environmental impacts on them generated mainly by human activities. This study aimed to characterize the watershed of the river Verissimo, located in the municipality of Verissimo - MG, analyze morphometric indices and propose how best to use the soil to minimize erosion impacts to resources hídricos.Foi used digital charts 1:100,000 scale and AutoCAD software for the quantification of vector data. The watershed has an area of 146.055 km2 , 55.902 km perimeter. According to the morphometric indices is considered 5th order, highly branched, slightly elongated format of little risk to floods occur, its main channel corresponds to 28.541 kilometers and has undulated, with an average slope of 8.59%. Through the results of morphometric indices and roughness coefficient, shows the potential of watershed land use on pastures for livestock, and soil conservation practices and water to minimize the impacts of erosion and contamination of water resources.

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One of the arguments for the rapid adoption of genetically modified (GM0 corn in Brazil is the economic advantage that this technology can offer. Given that its benefits and gains are subject to the conditions of modifications of critical variables, the present work aimed to estimate the economic returns of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn by analyzing variations in quantities and prices of insecticides used, productivity gains, the price of using GM seed compared with non-GM seed, as well as changes in corn prices. It was concluded that the GM technology generated net economic gains of US$ 235.50/ha.

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The study aimed mapping of the land use capacity classes for the Rio das Pedras watershed, Itatinga-SP in order to provide another mechanism of environmental planning for the studied area. It was used 1:10,000 topographic letters for the slope map generation which was overlaid with the studied area soil map. It was applied the judgment table criteria method, for generation of land use capacity map of the studied area. It were identified the following results: First, class III with constraints in relation of low fertility and restrictions about erosion risks on high slope areas. Second, class VI with the same characteristics of class III however with the presence of an aggravating factor of sand texture in all horizons, resulting in high risks of erosion events, especially in high slopes areas, and contamination by pollutants due the high soil permeability. Conclusions: It was verified that the more critical regions for land use capacity classes were VIs and mainly VIes class. The last one has more high relief areas and the presence of Neossolo Quartzarenico soil, with a big erosion propensity. The land use capacity map allow making different decisions for each region of the watershed respecting their individual characteristics.

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Partindo do pressuposto que risco é um conceito central na sociedade contemporânea, este estudo teve por objetivo entender o papel da mídia na circulação e consolidação da linguagem dos riscos. Tendo por base estudos anteriores, optou-se por trabalhar com um único jornal, a Folha de S. Paulo, sendo adotados três procedimentos de pesquisa: 1) mapeamento da diversidade de termos utilizados para falar sobre a possibilidade de ocorrência de eventos concebidos como ocasião para ganho ou perda; 2) análise diacrônica de uma amostra representativa de matérias com a palavra risco no título (1921 e 1998); 3) análise do uso da linguagem de risco por área temática (CD-Rom Folha, 1994-1997). Os resultados sugerem que o uso da linguagem dos riscos na mídia é recente e diversificado, apoiando-se ora na linguagem formal do cálculo de risco, ora no uso metafórico do termo, para falar de desordem na sociedade contemporânea.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Foodborne diseases represent operational risks in industrial restaurants. We described an outbreak of nine clustered cases of acute illness resembling acute toxoplasmosis in an industrial plant with 2300 employees. These patients and another 36 similar asymptomatic employees were diagnosed with anti-T. gondii IgG titer and avidity by ELISA. We excluded 14 patients based on high IgG avidity and chronic toxoplasmosis: 13 from controls and one from acute disease other than T. gondii infection. We also identified another three asymptomatic employees with T.gondii acute infection and also anti-T. gondii IgM positive as remaining acute cases. Case control study was conducted by interview in 11 acute infections and 20 negative controls. The ingestion of green vegetables, but not meat or water, was observed to be associated with the incidence of acute disease. These data reinforce the importance of sanitation control in industrial restaurants and also demonstrate the need for improvement in quality control regarding vegetables at risk for T. gondii oocyst contamination. We emphasized the accurate diagnosis of indexed cases and the detection of asymptomatic infections to determine the extent of the toxoplasmosis outbreak.

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Uma das estratégias metodológicas para realizar a prática baseada em evidências é a revisão integrativa, que neste estudo teve como objetivo buscar e sintetizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura científica sobre os fatores de riscos alimentares para o câncer colorretal relacionado ao consumo de carnes. As bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL e COCHRANE Library foram consultadas e os estudos pertinentes ao consumo de carnes somaram seis. As metanálises demonstraram que a ingestão de carne vermelha está relacionada com o aumento do risco para câncer colorretal em 28% a 35%, enquanto a carne processada está associada ao risco elevado de 20% a 49%. As evidências apontam a carne vermelha, a carne processada e o total de carne consumida como fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de pólipos e câncer colorretal. Não foi identificado estudo que indicasse a ingestão de frango e peixe como fatores de risco.

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Lead and copper concentrations in drinking water increase considerably on going from municipality reservoirs to the households sampled in Ribeirão Preto (SP-Brazil). Flushing of only 3 liters of water reduced metal concentrations by more than 50%. Relatively small changes in water pH rapidly affected corrosion processes in lead pipes, while water hardness appeared to have a long-term effect. This approach aims to encourage University teachers to use its content as a case study in disciplines of Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and consequently increase knowledge about drinking water contamination in locations where no public monitoring of trace metals is in place.