一种用于软件通信体系结构的构件模型

软件通信体系结构(SoftwareCommunicationsArchitecture,简称SCA)已被软件无线电(SoftwareDefinedRadio,简称SDR)论坛采纳为嵌入式系统的标准通信软件结构。SCA提供了一种支持通信软件和硬件可移植、可配置、可扩充和可重用的软件平台,但作为构件框架时仍显不足,主要是缺乏明确的构件模型。在研究CORBA构件模型(CORBAComponentModel,简称CCM)基础上,提出了适用于SCA的轻量级(Lightweight,简称Lw)CORBA构件模型———LwCCM。

用户主导的面向领域的需求分析方法

如何认识和了解用户并最终让用户在适当的工具和环境的帮助引导下直接参与到需求分析活动中，可能正是解决软件生产过程中一系列问题的突破口。用户可视为对象、角色或智能体，充分发挥其能动性，对于软件需求的正确性、一致性和完整性大有裨益；同时，把软件专业人员从繁琐的需求分析活动中解放出来，可大大缩短软件的开发周期。

ISO9000在软件组织的实施模型

中国计算机学会

基于模型的炼化企业MES数据集成平台设计与实现

首先分析了企业对数据集成的需求,并指出数据集成所面临的主要问题.针对这些问题,提出了以企业核心数据模型为驱动的数据集成方法,而且给出了该集成方法的一种实现,称之为企业数据集成平台,并以炼化企业的具体应用为例,论述了该方法对于解决企业数据集成问题的有效性.

模型驱动体系综述

模型驱动体系是OMG提出的一种IT系统描述方法,是互操作性标准进一步的发展。文章介绍了模型驱动体系的基本概念、核心基础构造及其模型体系,并介绍了当前的应用现状。

一种用于APLA→JAVA系统可靠性评估模型

软件可靠性问题是软件测试中的重要难题之一,由于程序语言的复杂性以及被测程序的多样性,一直没有一个好的可靠性模型来评价它.鉴于此,依据软件可靠性工程理论,参考APLA→JAVA系统的特点,提出了一种基于测试的软件可靠性评估模型,讨论了模型的参数评估和置信区间,并给出了模型的评价方案.数据分析表明该模型具有合理性和可行性.

特定领域的数据参考模型建模方法研究

针对领域内数据实体变化频繁,复用性低的问题,提出了特定领域数据参考模型的概念,它基于概念模型的形式,对领域内的通用数据模型进行说明和描述,成为领域内应用系统数据建模的基础.给出了领域数据参考模型的体系架构,它对整个模型进行了纵横向的划分以便作为不同程度的复用的基础.在概念模型构建时,提出了数据模型构建步骤,并引入了"维度","维度层次"和"事实"3个数据仓库中的概念,扩充了ER图中的属性定义,为构建稳定可复用的领域实体提供了有效的途径.

一种适应性多边软件过程Agent协商模型研究

软件过程建模是指对软件过程建立模型，并且对模型建立和模型执行提供自动化支持。软件过程建模技术为软件过程的描述、表示、执行、分析、跟踪、变更以及改进提供了方法和工具，从而为软件组织实现软件开发过程的管理和改进提供了有力的支持，对于保证软件组织的软件产品质量，提高开发效率具有重要的理论和实践价值。 软件过程的一个重要特征是极大地依赖于软件开发人员，当软件过程面临各种变化时，正是作为软件过程的主体——软件开发人员的及时反应和应对，使得软件过程能够灵活适应各种软件开发的实际和变化状况；忽视软件开发人员在软件过程中的核心作用，是目前大多软件过程建模方法不适用于软件企业实际应用的原因之一。Agent技术主要基于对人的观察，其已被认识到是软件过程建模领域的重要研究方向之一。然而，相关研究工作并没有很好地体现人在软件过程中的核心作用，其根本原因在于其所采用或关注的是单Agent技术，而非多Agent系统技术。以互联为背景的多Agent系统能够很好地刻画人类的社会性，因此，对于当前以全球性、分布式多点等为主要特点的软件过程而言，采用多Agent系统技术，关注软件过程中所涉及的实体之间的协商、协作、竞争、承诺等特性是将Agent技术应用于软件过程的研究重点。 本文提出一种适应性多边软件过程Agent协商模型AMNM-PA。AMNM-PA基于软件开发者为软件过程中的核心要素并且软件过程为这些核心要素之间的相互协同关系的观点，将软件开发建模描述为代表软件开发者的自治的软件过程Agent（简称过程Agent）之间的协商；在协商中，过程Agent能够在变化的环境下针对各种不同实际应用，以及根据对环境的感知和所拥有的知识，适应、灵活地确立彼此间的协同关系，即建立软件过程。 本文在组织上采用了从模型要素及其相互关系定义、模型要素具体描述到模型实现及验证的逻辑结构。首先，本文给出AMNM-PA的模型定义，对过程Agent的协商所涉及的协商要素及其相互之间的关系进行描述。其次，本文详细描述协商要素中的决策过程，即过程Agent在协商中进行决策所依据的协商策略选择方法及各种可选协商策略；并以决策过程为基础，提出一种多边适应性协商算法，以此给出基于AMNM-PA的适应性多边协商过程的基本算法。随后，本文详细描述了另一协商要素——协商规则，其解决了协商过程的离线和在线灵活性问题，从而为软件过程建模的灵活性提供了解决方案。最后，本文实现了基于AMNM-PA的协商系统，并在该系统的支持下进行了实验研究，验证了AMNM-PA能够在变化的环境中适应性地建立面向实际软件项目的软件过程，并且该软件过程所包含的个体利益能够得到均衡、整体利益较高；同时很好地支持了软件过程建立和执行的灵活性。

基于模型驱动的实时数据发布系统研究与应用

流程企业生产过程反映了企业的工艺路线、资源配置及其制造能力，生产过程的稳定运行影响着产品生命周期的各个阶段，因此进行生产过程的实时监控非常必要。生产过程中的大量装置所包含的静态数据和实时的动态数据构成了生产过程监控的数据基础，因此实现生产过程的实时监控依赖于基于装置对象的生产过程的快速配置。 本文以国家高技术研究发展计划（863计划）课题“面向全流程多尺度的综合自动化集成应用平台”为背景，针对流程企业生产过程监控的具体需求，研究并开发了基于模型驱动的实时数据发布系统，实现了基于装置对象的生产过程的快速配置。论文主要工作如下： 1.给出了基于数据驱动机制的装置对象描述模型，建立了面向流程企业生产过程的装置资源库。在此基础上给出了一种基于装置对象描述模型的生产过程快速配置方法。 2.针对流程企业生产过程监控的具体需求，引入XML-QL与复合事件的时序逻辑模型，提出了一个基于XML和复合事件的发布/订阅模型，给出了基于订阅树的复合事件匹配算法。最后在生产过程模型的基础上设计了一个实时数据发布框架。 3.基于.NET平台，设计开发了基于装置对象模型驱动的实时数据发布系统，并基于某石化企业的核心数据进行了应用验证，取得了良好的效果。 关键词：生产过程监控；模型驱动；发布/订阅；复合事件

Assessing the consequence of land use change on agricultural productivity in China

China's cultivated land has been undergoing dramatic changes along with its rapidly growing economy and population. The impacts of land use transformation on food production at the national scale, however, have been poorly understood due to the lack of detailed spatially explicit agricultural productivity information on cropland change and crop productivity. This study evaluates the effect of the cropland transformation on agricultural productivity by combining the land use data of China for the period of 1990-2000 from TM images and a satellite-based NPP (net primary production) model driven with NOAH/AVHRR data. The cropland area of China has a net increase of 2.79 Mha in the study period, which causes a slightly increased agricultural productivity (6.96 Mt C) at the national level. Although the newly cultivated lands compensated for the loss from urban expansion, but the contribution to production is insignificant because of the low productivity. The decrease in crop production resulting from urban expansion is about twice of that from abandonment of arable lands to forests and grasslands. The productivity of arable lands occupied by urban expansion was 80% higher than that of the newly cultivated lands in the regions with unfavorable natural conditions. Significance of cropland transformation impacts is spatially diverse with the differences in land use change intensity and land productivity across China. The increase in arable land area and yet decline in land quality may reduce the production potential and sustainability of China's agro-ecosystems. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Diagnostic experiments for transport mechanisms of suspended sediment discharged from the Yellow River in the Bohai Sea

Five diagnostic experiments with a 3D baroclinic hydrodynamic and sediment transport model ECOMSED in couple with the third generation wave model SWAN and the Grant-Madsen bottom boundary layer model driven by the monthly sediment load of the Yellow River, were conducted to separately diagnose effects of different hydrodynamic factors on transport of suspended sediment discharged from the Yellow River in the Bohai Sea. Both transport and spatio-temporal distribution of suspended sediment concentration in the Bohai Sea were numerially simulated. It could be concluded that suspended sediment discharged from the Yellow River cannot be delivered in long distance under the condition of tidal current. Almost all of sediments from the Yellow River are deposited outside the delta under the condition of wind-driven current, and only very small of them are transported faraway. On the basis of wind forcing, sediments from the Yellow River are mainly transported north-northwestward, and others which are first delivered to the Laizhou Bay are continuously moved northward. An obvious 3D structure characteristic of sediment transport is produced in the wind-driven and tide-induced residual circulation condition. Transport patterns at all layers are generally consistent with circulation structure, but there is apparent deviation between the depth-averaged sediment flux and the circulation structure. The phase of temporal variation of sediment concentration is consistent with that of the bottom shear stress, both of which are proved to have a ten-day cycle in wave and current condition.

PALEOMONSOONS OF CHINA OVER THE LAST 130,000 YEARS - PALEOMONSOON VARIATION

Based upon the effect of land-sea interaction on the paleomonsoon variation and the time series of climatic proxy-indicators, the historical Asian monsoon variation over the last 130,000 and 18,000 years has been reconstructed with an emphasis on the basic characteristics of summer monsoon circulation. The monsoon-climatic cycles and associated model of environmental development over the central and eastern China are proposed and the mechanism of paleomonsoon variation of China preliminarily discussed. The variation of East Asian monsoon circulation should be regarded as a regional result of both solar-radiation changes and the global glacial-interglacial cycles. The episodic uplifting of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau since the late Miocene has to a large extent controlled the forming and evolution of the paleomonsoon circulation of China.

Geochemistry of the lava and its implications in Musicians Seamounts

Chemical and isotopic data of the lava samples dredged in the southern Bach Ridge and the northern Italian Ridge of the Musicians Seamounts province, northeast of Hawaii. Although most of the samples analyzed are generally altered, a few are fresh. The latter exhibits similar geochemical and isotopic characteristics to normal MORB (Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts). There are systematic geochemical trends from hotspot to mid-ocean ridge in the province. Incompatible element and isotopic variations suggest that the flow field had at least two distinct parental magmas, one with higher and one with lower MgO concentrations. The two parental magmas could be related by a magma mixing model. The major and trace element modeling shows that the two parental magmas could not have been produced by different degrees of melting of a homogeneous mantle source, but they are consistent with melting of a generally depleted mantle containing variable volumes of embedded enriched heterogeneity enriched interbeds.

Responses of summertime extreme wave heights to local climate variations in the East China Sea

We detected the responses of summertime extreme wave heights (H-top10, average of the highest 10% of significant wave heights in June, July and August) to local climate variations in the East China Sea by applying an empirical orthogonal function analysis to Htop10 derived from the WAVEWATCH- III wave model driven by 6 hourly sea surface wind fields from ERA-40 reanalysis over the period 1958-2002. Decreases in H-top10 in the northern East China Sea ( Yellow Sea) correspond to attenuation of the East Asian Summer Monsoon, while increases in the south are primarily due to enhancement of tropical cyclone activities in the western North Pacific.