961 resultados para Mobiliário - Na arte - séc.17


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本文以RE_2O_3和(NH_4)_2HPO_4为原料制备了REPO_4(RE:La—Lu,Sc和Y)系列样品。研究了REPO_4化合物中磁化率与RE~(3+)离子原子序数的关系。REPO_4的结构分为单斜晶系(La—Gd,Tb)和锆英石型(Tb—Lu,Sc和Y)二种类型结构,测定和讨论了化合物的光谱。

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A simple and convenient protocol for the cryopreservation of the flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) sperm was established for "on the spot" cryopreservation of large quantities of semen. The use of three cryoprotectants, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), glycerol (Gly) and methanol was tested in the method. The percentage of motile sperm present in semen after it had been frozen and thawed in the presence of DMSO, Gly or methanol was 60.5 +/- 3.6, 79.17 +/- 4.5 and 13.25 +/- 4.7%, respectively. The fertilization rates of this sperm were 67.06 +/- 15.1, 76.20 +/- 10.0 and 44.93 +/- 22.6%, while the hatching rates of eggs fertilized with this sperm were 37.40 +/- 8.3, 48.18 +/- 25.7 and 23.35 +/- 10.8%, respectively. It was found that Gly and DMSO were better cryoprotectants than methanol, with Gly giving the best overall results. Under scanning electron microscopy, it could be seen that while the majority of the frozen-thawed sperm remained morphologically normal, some exhibited lost or dilated mitochondria, swollen mid-pieces, broken tails, or damaged cell membrane, which probably caused the decrease in motility and fertility of the frozen-thawed sperm. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

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Under laboratory conditions, the potential influence of diatom diets on reproduction of zoo-plankton Calanus sinicus was studied. Four diatom diet ingredients: Skeletonema costatum (SC), Chaetoceros muelleri (CM), Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT), diatom mixture (MIX) and a control diet: the flagellate Platymonas subordiformis (PS), were used at the same carbon concentrations of 2.0 mu g mL(-1) C. In a period of 17-day laboratory experiment, the effects of these algae diets on egg production and hatching success of the copepod Calanus sinicus were examined. The diets were analyzed for fatty acid content as an indicator of food quality. The results showed that the female survival of all treatments reached more than 80% except PT. Comparing to the initial value, egg production of Calanus sinicus was reduced in diatom diets (PT, CM), but remained in normal level in SC and MIX, indicating that some single diatom diets had a negative effect on the egg production of Calanus sinicus. Feeding with mixed food however can eliminate this negative effect. Among all the treatments, hatching success in filtered seawater was significantly higher than in algal exudates, indicating that not only diatoms but also other phytoplankton in certain concentration can release extracelluar substance that may inhibit eggs from hatching. Fatty acid analysis showed that both egg production rate and hatching success were negatively correlated to the ratio of 20:5 omega 3 and 14:0 in fatty acid composition.

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Introduced species often start with limited genetic variability, which is problematic for selective breeding. The problem of inbreeding can be exasperated by hermaphroditism. The bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians is a hermaphroditic species that has been introduced to and now supports a major aquaculture industry in China. Positive response to selection for fast growth was observed in one of the less inbred stocks in a previous study. In this study, we evaluated selection for the second generation to determine if response to selection can be sustained in this introduced population of a hermaphroditic species. Response to selection, realized heritability for the second generation, cumulative (over two generations), current (for the second generation) and residual (from the first generation) genetic gains were estimated by comparing three different types of lines: SS (selected for two generation), SC (selected for the first generation only) and CC (unselected for two generations). The SS line grew significantly faster (P < 0.05) than the other two lines, indicating that the second generation selection for faster growth is still effective. Response to selection and realized heritability for the second generation were 0.612 +/- 0.101 and 0.349 +/- 0.057, respectively, which are similar to those observed for the first generation. The cumulative, current, and residual gains were 17.56 +/- 5.30%, 10.63 +/- 2.46%, and 6.25 +/- 3.13%, respectively. The sustained response to selection for the second generation observed here suggests that considerable genetic variability exists in this population and that future efforts on selective breeding are likely to be fruitful. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Neste estudo teve-se como objetivo avaliar a emergência, o recrutamento e crescimento de sete leguminosas arbóreas dos Cerrados em áreas de pastagem abandonadas, a partir de semeadura direta, sob diferentes regimes de manejo de Brachiaria sp.

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O trabalho faz uma breve descrição sobre os modelos DEA clássicos, bem como uma revisão do estado da arte de sua aplicação à agricultura. Além disso, é apresentada uma curta discussão sobre a possibilidade de integração dos resultados de DEA aos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, como forma de apoio ao entendimento do problema.

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O projeto em Rede de Biossegurança de OGM da Embrapa foi proposto e aprovado em setembro de 2002 visando principalmente estabelecer-se como gerador de conhecimento na área de biossegurança ambiental e alimentar e difusor dos avanços tecnológicos na área, além de garantir o uso seguro da tecnologia e dar cumprimento às exigências da regulamentação brasileira de biossegurança de OGM. Com este foco, as plantas geneticamente modificadas da Embrapa em vias de serem avaliadas em situação de campo, foram submetidas aos procedimentos legais em vigor na época. Entre estes processos incluía-se a apresentação de dados substanciados sobre impactos ambientais potenciais das plantas em estudo, para a aprovação de experimentação em campo. Estes dados e as metodologias aplicadas em resposta à solicitação dos órgãos responsáveis à época são assunto deste trabalho. Tal trabalho só foi viável pela disponibilidade de equipe multidisciplinar para atender a todos os requisitos e foi favorecido pela organização do projeto no formato de Rede. Os resultados esclareceram algumas dúvidas levantadas pela sociedade, favorecendo assim a aprovação para liberação de experimentos controlados em campo, tendo sido a Embrapa a primeira empresa a receber aprovação para tal experimento em dezembro de 2003 (após restrições legais acontecidas para experimentos com transgênicos entre 2000 e 2003).