All maximal-pairs in step-leap representation of melodic sequence

This paper proposes an efficient pattern extraction algorithm that can be applied on melodic sequences that are represented as strings of abstract intervallic symbols; the melodic representation introduces special “binary don’t care” symbols for intervals that may belong to two partially overlapping intervallic categories. As a special case the well established “step–leap” representation is examined. In the step–leap representation, each melodic diatonic interval is classified as a step (±s), a leap (±l) or a unison (u). Binary don’t care symbols are used to represent the possible overlapping between the various abstract categories e.g. *=s, *=l and #=-s, #=-l. We propose an O(n+d(n-d)+z)-time algorithm for computing all maximal-pairs in a given sequence x=x[1..n], where x contains d occurrences of binary don’t cares and z is the number of reported maximal-pairs.

All maximal-pairs in step-leap representation of melodic sequence

This paper proposes an efficient pattern extraction algorithm that can be applied on melodic sequences that are represented as strings of abstract intervallic symbols; the melodic representation introduces special “binary don’t care” symbols for intervals that may belong to two partially overlapping intervallic categories. As a special case the well established “step–leap” representation is examined. In the step–leap representation, each melodic diatonic interval is classified as a step (±s), a leap (±l) or a unison (u). Binary don’t care symbols are used to represent the possible overlapping between the various abstract categories e.g. *=s, *=l and #=-s, #=-l. We propose an O(n+d(n-d)+z)-time algorithm for computing all maximal-pairs in a given sequence x=x[1..n], where x contains d occurrences of binary don’t cares and z is the number of reported maximal-pairs.

Speed of adjustment of capital structure: empirical study

We analyze the impact of firm-specific characteristics as well as economic factors on the speed of adjustment to the target debt ratio. Using different methods, we document speeds of adjustment ranging from 14.4% to 37%. The results indicate that the speed of adjustment is affected by business-cycle variables: The interaction term related to term spread reveals, as expected, faster adjustment in booms than in recessions and a negative relationship between short term spread and adjustment speed. We also show that the speed of adjustment becomes stationary when the increasing fractions of zero-debt firms are considered.

Modelos matemáticos para estimativa do consumo máximo de oxigênio pela ventilometria de esforço em indivíduos saudáveis

The relation between metabolic demand and maximal oxygen consumption during exercise have been investigated in different areas of knowledge. In the health field, the determination of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is considered a method to classify the level of physical fitness or the risk of cardiocirculatory diseases. The accuracy to obtain data provides a better evaluation of functional responses and allows a reduction in the error margin at the moment of risk classification, as well as, at the moment of determination of aerobic exercise work load. In Brasil, the use of respirometry associated to ergometric test became an opition in the cardiorespiratory evaluation. This equipment allows predictions concerning the oxyredutase process, making it possible to identify physiological responses to physical effort as the respiratory threshold. This thesis focused in the development of mathematical models developed by multiple regression validated by the stepwise method, aiming to predict the VO2max based on respiratory responses to physical effort. The sample was composed of a ramdom sample of 181 healthy individuals, men and women, that were randomized to two groups: regression group and cross validation group (GV). The voluntiars were submitted to a incremental treadmill test; objetiving to determinate of the second respiratory threshold (LVII) and the Peak VO2max. Using the método forward addition method 11 models of VO2max prediction in trendmill were developded. No significative differences were found between the VO2max meansured and the predicted by models when they were compared using ANOVA One-Way and the Post Hoc test of Turkey. We concluded that the developed mathematical models allow a prediction of the VO2max of healthy young individuals based on the LVII

Marcas dermatoglíficas, Antropometria e as qualidades físicas básicas dos escolares da rede municipal da cidade de Manaus

The objective of this study of comparative descriptive character went aimed at to analyze the characteristics dermatoglyphics, anthropometrics and the basic physical qualities, in 180 selected scholars in a stratified way, distributed like this: 10 year-old boys = 32; 09 years = 32; 08 years = 32; 10 year-old girls = 28; 09 years = 28; 08 years = 28), studying the fundamental teaching of the School Good Municipal Hope, located in the area east, in the Neighborhood of the Crowned, in the city of Manaus, Amazon. For identification of the dermatoglyphics characteristics collected, was the fingerprints; for evaluation of the corporal mass, height and IMC, they were used a digital scale with an estadiometer of the mark Filizola. The tests: to sit down and to reach flexibility); Horizontal Impulse or I jump in distance stopped (force of inferior members); Flex and extension of the trunk (it Forces abdominal); Flexion and extension of the arms in suspension in the bar (Force of superior members); 30 meters (Speed) and 9 minutes (Resistance applied aerobic) was to evaluate the basic physical qualities. The results demonstrated that differences didn't exist among the goods, in most of the studied variables, and the existent differences among the ages of 8, 9 and 10 years, they demonstrate a normality tendency in the infantile development

Técnica para avaliação da pressão arterial pulmonar de equinos durante o exercício progressivo em esteira rolante

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência do treinamento aeróbio sobre o cortisol e glicose plasmáticos em equinos

Estudou-se a resposta do cortisol e da glicemia em 12 equinos da raça Puro Sangue Árabe destreinados (T0) por oito meses e submetidos a um período de 90 dias de treinamento aeróbio (T90). Para avaliação dos efeitos do treinamento, empregou-se teste ergométrico constituído de exercício progressivo em esteira rolante, acompanhado por colheitas de sangue 15 segundos antes do término de cada etapa de esforço. A velocidade (intensidade) do treino foi definida como sendo 80% da V4 (velocidade na qual a lactacidemia atinge 4mmol/L). Adicionalmente, no último mês de treinamento, foi instituído, uma vez por semana, exercício com velocidades variáveis, chamado fartlek. Após 90 dias de treinamento, a concentração plasmática de cortisol elevou-se e após o teste de esforço (20min), houve aumento da glicemia. Este resultado reflete a possibilidade de adaptação ao treinamento. Conclui-se que o cortisol plasmático pode ser utilizado como ferramenta na avaliação de um programa de treinamento em equinos.

Exercício em esteira não elevou a temperatura do casco de equinos

Objetivou-se avaliar em equino a influência do exercício progressivo e intenso realizado em esteira de alta velocidade sobre a temperatura de regiões da pele, incluindo face, pescoço e quartela, e do casco, incluindo coroa, parede e sola. Utilizaram-se cinco equinos Puro Sangue Árabes, desferrados, com idade média de 8±0,7 anos, sendo duas fêmeas e três machos, com peso corpóreo médio de 420±10kg. A intensidade de esforço foi determinada por meio da quantificação do lactato sanguíneo. As temperaturas foram determinadas com o auxílio de termógrafo, antes, durante e após o exercício. Realizou-se análise de variância seguida pelo teste de Tukey, sendo P≤0,05. A lactacidemia aumentou, principalmente nas velocidades intensas. Houve redução das temperaturas das regiões da face, pescoço e quartela após o exercício e diminuição das temperaturas da parede, coroa e sola do casco durante o exercício, enquanto a temperatura da manta de rolamento da esteira não se alterou em nenhum momento. Constatou-se indiretamente que a perfusão sanguínea do casco diminuiu durante o teste de esforço tanto em sua fase aeróbia como na anaeróbia. Nenhuma das intensidades de esforço foi capaz de alterar a temperatura da manta de rolamento da esteira. A temperatura do casco diminuída como decorrência fisiológica do esforço físico imposto, retornou aos valores normais após o término do exercício.