Geologische Bibliographie der Schweiz, 1900-1910,

Supplements H. L. Rollier's "Geologische bibliographie der Schweiz...(1770-1900)" pub. 1907-08 in 2 v. as v. 29 of the series.

Congo ; revue générale de la colonie belge, algemeen tijdschrift van de belgische kolonie.

Includes transactions, etc., of the Association pour le perfectionnement du matériel colonial.

Carolina de Lichtfield /

Mode of access: Internet.

Index of army aeronautical equipment; with navy and British equivalents. v. 5, Armament.

At head of title: Armament section.

Bibliography on German guided missiles.

"Report no. F-BB-2-RE."

Technical data digest.

Title from cover.

A letter on the game laws /

Mode of access: Internet.

Regulae Veteris et Novi Testamenti /

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

The strength of North American woods /

Chiefly tables.

Les salaires ouvriers et la richesse nationale /

"La méthode de Taylor et le salaire moderne. Premiers éléments d'une théorie du salaire. Application à la fabrication du matériel de guerre."

Compañeros de ruta, reencuentro de ex presos políticos cordobeses

El propósito de este trabajo es investigar los motivos, anhelos, sueños, deseos que llevan a un grupo de entre 20 y 25 ex presos políticos a reunirse semanalmente en el local del sindicato Luz y Fuerza, Córdoba. Optamos por entrevistar a quienes daban la sensación de ser más participativos o más explícitos, en la elección procuramos que hubiesen casi por igual miembros de las dos organizaciones mayoritarias en el pasado: Montoneros y Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores. El celo a la hora de elegir se entronca con las subculturas que emergieron de las organizaciones. Otro aspecto observado es la cuestión de género, mujeres y hombres, equitativamente incorporados, se constituyeron en narradores.2 En la ciudad mediterránea hubo alrededor de dos mil detenidos por causas políticas a partir de la dictadura que iniciara Jorge Rafael Videla. La curiosidad social es acicateada por el número exiguo de ex-represaliados que constituyen la comisión de presos políticos, que entre otras tareas peticiona ante las autoridades solicitando reivindicaciones a raíz de su condición de ex detenidos, organizan eventos sociales y políticos, gestionan los ex centros de detención convertidos en "museos de la memoria", impulsan los juicios contra los ex represores, editan publicaciones. Concurrimos a las reuniones semanales, a asados, "locreadas"; empleamos en las investigaciones la observación participante. La participación se dio en eventos, en compartir ruedas de mate en la casa de los entrevistados, íntimas ruedas de café, por un fenómeno de indexicalidad en relación con el discurso ideológico pudimos avanzar en la profundidad de la conversación. Además, de las entrevistas en profundidad, analizamos material periodístico y material escrito por los detenidos; cuando la emoción del entrevistado dificultaba la conversación, en algunos casos nos remitieron a elaboraciones suyas sobre la situación planteada.. Nos favoreció, en el trabajo, el hecho de haber participado en la vida política, y el tener familiares que lucharon junto a los ex-represaliados. A pesar de ello no fue fácil llegar a subjetividades que hacía largo tiempo se hallaban abroqueladas. Mead e Erving Goffman nos acompañaron en el camino de reconocimiento de los selfs en la dramaturgia montada en el local de Luz y Fuerza

Functional analysis of neurotransmission at β2-laminin deficient terminals

beta2-Laminin is important for the formation of neuromuscular junctions in vertebrates. Previously, we have inactivated the gene that encodes for beta2-laminin in mice and observed predominantly prejunctional structural defects. In this study, we have used both intra- and extracellular recording methods to investigate evoked neurotransmission in beta2-laminin-deficient mice, from postnatal day 8 (P8) through to day 18(P18). Our results confirmed that there was a decrease in the frequency of spontaneous release, but no change in the postjunctional response to such release. Analysis of evoked neurotransmission showed an increase in the frequency of stimuli that failed to elicit an evoked postjunctional response in the mutants compared to litter mate controls, resulting in a 50% reduction in mean quantal content at mutant terminals. Compared to littermate controls, beta2-laminin-deficient terminals showed greater synaptic depression when subjected to high frequency stimulation. Furthermore, the paired pulse ratio of the first two stimuli was significantly lower in beta2-laminin mutant terminals. Statistical analysis of the binomial parameters of release showed that the decrease in quantal content was due to a decrease in the number of release sites without any significant change in the average probability of release. This suggestion was supported by the observation of fewer synaptic vesicle protein 2 (SV2)-positive varicosities in beta2-laminin-deficient terminals and by ultrastructural observations showing smaller terminal profiles and increased Schwann cell invasion in beta2-laminin mutants; the differences between beta2-laminin mutants and wild-type mice were the same at both P8 and P18. From these results we conclude that beta2-laminin plays a role in the early structural development of the neuromuscular junction. We also suggest that transmitter release activity may act as a deterrent to Schwarm cell invasion in the absence of beta2-laminin.

Orientation of the genetic variance-covariance matrix and the fitness surface for multiple male sexually selected traits

Stabilizing selection has been predicted to change genetic variances and covariances so that the orientation of the genetic variance-covariance matrix (G) becomes aligned with the orientation of the fitness surface, but it is less clear how directional selection may change G. Here we develop statistical approaches to the comparison of G with vectors of linear and nonlinear selection. We apply these approaches to a set of male sexually selected cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) of Drosophila serrata. Even though male CHCs displayed substantial additive genetic variance, more than 99% of the genetic variance was orientated 74.9degrees away from the vector of linear sexual selection, suggesting that open-ended female preferences may greatly reduce genetic variation in male display traits. Although the orientation of G and the fitness surface were found to differ significantly, the similarity present in eigenstructure was a consequence of traits under weak linear selection and strong nonlinear ( convex) selection. Associating the eigenstructure of G with vectors of linear and nonlinear selection may provide a way of determining what long-term changes in G may be generated by the processes of natural and sexual selection.

Defining nicotine dependence for genetic research: evidence from Australian twins

Background. Whether current criteria used to define nicotine dependence are informative for genetic research is an important empirical question. The authors used items of the DSM-IV and of the Heaviness of Smoking Index to characterize the nicotine dependence phenotype and to identify salient symptoms in a genetically informative community sample of Australian young adult female and mate twins. Method. Phenotypic and genetic factor analyses were performed on nine dependence symptoms (the seven DSM-IV substance dependence criteria and the two Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) items derived from the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire, time to first cigarette in the morning and number of cigarettes smoked per day). Phenotypic and genetic analyses were restricted to ever smokers. Results. Phenotypic nicotine dependence symptom covariation was best captured by two factors with a similar pattern of factor loadings for women and men. In genetic factor analysis item covariation was best captured by two genetic but one shared environmental factor for both women and men; however, item factor loadings differed by gender. All nicotine dependence symptoms were substantially heritable, except for the DSM-IV criterion of 'giving up or reducing important activities in order to smoke', which was weakly familial. Conclusions. The salient behavioral indices of nicotine dependence are similar for women and men. DSM-IV criteria of tolerance, withdrawal, and experiencing difficulty quitting and HSI items time to first cigarette in the morning and number of cigarettes smoked per day may represent the most highly heritable symptoms of nicotine dependence for both women and men.

Costs increase as ritualized fighting progresses within and between phases in the sierra dome spider, Neriene litigiosa

Magnitudes and patterns of energy expenditure in animal contests are seldom measured, but can be critical for predicting contest dynamics and understanding the evolution of ritualized fighting behaviour. In the sierra dome spider, males compete for sexual access to females and their webs. They show three distinct phases of fighting behaviour, escalating from ritualized noncontact display (phase 1) to cooperative wrestling (phase 2), and finally to unritualized, potentially fatal fighting (phase 3). Using CO2 respirometry, we estimated energetic costs of male-male combat in terms of mean and maximum metabolic rates and the rate of increase in energy expenditure. We also investigated the energetic consequences of age and body mass, and compared fighting metabolism to metabolism during courtship. All three phases involved mean energy expenditures well above resting metabolic rate (3.5 X, 7.4 X and 11.5 X). Both mean and maximum energy expenditure became substantially greater as fights escalated through successive phases. The rates of increase in energy use during phases 2 and 3 were much higher than in phase 1. In addition, age and body mass affected contest energetics. These results are consistent with a basic prediction of evolutionarily stable strategy contest models, that sequences of agonistic behaviours should be organized into phases of escalating energetic costs. Finally, higher energetic costs of escalated fighting compared to courtship provide a rationale for first-male sperm precedence in this spider species. (C) 2004 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.