Theoretical considerations of electrochemical phase formation for an ideal Frank-van der Merwe system - Ag on Au(111) and Au(100)

: Static calculation and preliminary kinetic Monte Carlo simulation studies are undertaken for the nucleation and growth on a model system which follows a Frank-van der Merwe mechanism. In the present case, we consider the deposition of Ag on Au(100) and Au(111) surfaces. The interactions were calculated using the embedded atom model. The kinetics of formation and growth of 2D Ag structures on Au(100) and Au(111) is investigated and the influence of surface steps on this phenomenon is studied. Very different time scales are predicted for Ag diffusion on Au(100) and Au(111), thus rendering very different regimes for the nucleation and growth of the related 2D phases. These observations are drawn from the application of a model free of any adjustable parameter.

James Anderson's Political Economy--His Influence on Smith and Malthus

James Anderson's powerful critique of Adam Smith's position on the corn export bounty was published in 1777. It focuse d on Smith's proposition that the bounty could not lead to increased corn production because it could not increase corn's real price. Smit h's response to the critique is traced in later editions of Wealth of Nations. While Anderson's critique of Smith influenced Thomas Malthu s's writings from 1803 onwards, his theory of differential rent did n ot influence Malthus at this stage. An examination of the evolution o f Malthus's ideas on rent between 1803 and 1815, however, indicates t hat Malthus knew and used Anderson's work on rent.