Illegal hunting cases detected with molecular forensics in Brazil

Background: Illegal hunting is one of the major threats to vertebrate populations in tropical regions. This unsustainable practice has serious consequences not only for the target populations, but also for the dynamics and structure of tropical ecosystems. Generally, in cases of suspected illegal hunting, the only evidence available is pieces of meat, skin or bone. In these cases, species identification can only be reliably determined using molecular technologies. Here, we reported an investigative study of three cases of suspected wildlife poaching in which molecular biology techniques were employed to identify the hunted species from remains of meat.Findings: By applying cytochrome b (cyt-b) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) molecular markers, the suspected illegal poaching was confirmed by the identification of three wild species, capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), Chaco Chachalaca (Ortalis canicollis) and Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus). In Brazil, hunting is a criminal offense, and based on this evidence, the defendants were found guilty and punished with fines; they may still be sentenced to prison for a period of 6 to 12 months.Conclusions: The genetic analysis used in this investigative study was suitable to diagnose the species killed and solve these criminal investigations. Molecular forensic techniques can therefore provide an important tool that enables local law enforcement agencies to apprehend illegal poachers. © 2012 Sanches et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

The history of the social stratification of Latin America

Includes bibliography

Estimation of spontaneous blinking main sequence in normal subjects and patients with Graves' upper eyelid retraction

Purpose. We quantified the main sequence of spontaneous blinks in normal subjects and Graves' disease patients with upper eyelid retraction using a nonlinear and two linear models, and examined the variability of the main sequence estimated with standard linear regression for 10-minute periods of time. Methods. A total of 20 normal subjects and 12 patients had their spontaneous blinking measured with the magnetic search coil technique when watching a video during one hour. The main sequence was estimated with a power-law function, and with standard and trough the origin linear regressions. Repeated measurements ANOVA was used to test the mean sequence stability of 10-minute bins measured with standard linear regression. Results. In 95% of the sample the correlation coefficients of the main sequence ranged from 0.60 to 0.94. Homoscedasticity of the peak velocity was not verified in 20% of the subjects and 25% of the patients. The power-law function provided the best main sequence fitting for subjects and patients. The mean sequence of 10-minute bins measured with standard linear regression did not differ from the one-hour period value. For the entire period of observation and the slope obtained by standard linear regression, the main sequence of the patients was reduced significantly compared to the normal subjects. Conclusions. Standard linear regression is a valid and stable approximation for estimating the main sequence of spontaneous blinking. However, the basic assumptions of the linear regression model should be examined on an individual basis. The maximum velocity of large blinks is slower in Graves' disease patients than in normal subjects. © 2013 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.

Report on activities at the Caribbean subregional level to support the integration of women into the social and economic development of Latin America and the Caribbean for the period June 1994 to August 1997

Summary Lists the meetings and conferences for which ECLAC/CDCC provided substantive servicing. Provides details on non-recurrent publications produced by the ECLAC/CDCC secretariat. These include: an investigative study on women and the micro-enterprise sector in the Bahamas, and poverty eradication and female headed household (FHH); in the Caribbean. Finally, provides a list of the instances in which ECLAC/CDCC has provided advice and technical assistance and notes the governments and countries which were beneficiaries of such assistance.

O vestuário do negro na fotografia e na pintura: Brasil, 1850-1890

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Experiências da precarização e precariedade do trabalho bancário: um enfoque sobre as narrativas de vida e trabalho do antigo e do novo bancário do Bradesco

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Modernidade, medo e violência: reflexões teóricas e o caso de Marília/SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comunicação midiática nas (arqui)dioceses do Brasil: possibilidades para ser igreja virtual

Pós-graduação em Comunicação - FAAC

Webjornalismo infantil: por uma interação informativa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comunicação sinestésica midiática

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Referências étnicas africanas na moda brasileira contemporânea em duas leituras: Goya Lopes e Walter Rodrigues

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A compreensão da atividade pedagógica em uma rede de inter-relações: franquia escolar

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

A dimensão valorativa da educação ambiental na formação continuada de professores apresentada em teses e dissertações brasileiras

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estágio supervisionado na formação docente em serviço: do 'aproveitamento' da prática à tentativa de reinventar os professores

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O jogo e a educação matemática: um estudo sobre as crenças e concepções dos professores de matemática quanto ao espaço do jogo no fazer pedagógico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)