Disentangling the Pathways and Effects of Ecosystem Service Co-Production

Research on ecosystem services has become a dominant field within environmental management, framing the way in which human–nature relationships are understood and managed. Although ecosystem services are usually defined as ‘the benefits that humans receive from nature’, our work shows that most services are actually co-produced by a mixture of natural capital and various forms of social, human, financial and technological capital. Here, we review how ecosystem services are co-produced, and then we assess how this affects the quantity, quality, trade-offs, resilience and the equity of the distribution of ecosystem services. Then we discuss the implications of co-production for sustainability. Finally, we present some challenges for an adequate consideration of co-production within the assessment of ecosystem services.

Transit in the nation's capital: what lies ahead? A study of projected transit service, costs, and financial impacts on the region through the year 2000. Final report.

Urban Mass Transportation Administration, Washington, D.C.

Professional course for service among immigrants; prepared for the use of colleges and universities, schools of civics and philanthropy, to fit men and women for service among immigrants. Adapted also for study by clubs, institutions and conferences of workers of social organizations.

On cover: Prepared for the United States Bureau of Education by the Committee for Immigrants in America.

Financial management system handbook for school food service programs.

WI docs. no.: Ed.3/2:3075

Community organization and agency responsibility; a study of the process of community organization for social welfare, and of the role of the direct-service organizations as responsible participants

Includes bibliography.

Railroad passenger service costs and financial results.

Mode of access: Internet.

Desirability and feasibility of universal social security coverage [microform] : hearing before the Subcommittee on Compensation and Employee Benefits of the Committee on Post Office and Civil Service, House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, second session, April 15, 1980.

Reuse of record except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc.

Development of the financial service industry in Illinois : report of the Illinois Task Force on Financial Services.

"May, 1986."

The investment of influence : a study of social sympathy and service /

Mode of access: Internet.

Just a minute : 15, 30, and 60 second radio public service announcements and social security.

Mode of access: Internet.

Social Security : opportunities to improve productivity at program service centers : report to the Honorable William Proxmire, United States Senate /

"B-224936"--P. 1.