Materno-fetal nutrient transfer across primary human trophoblast layer.

MATERNO-FETAL NUTRIENT TRANSFER ACROSS PRIMARY HUMAN TROPHOBLAST MONOLAYER Objectives: Polarized trophoblasts represent the transport and metabolic barrier between the maternal and fetal circulation. Currently human placental nutrient transfer in vitro is mainly investigated unidirectionallyon cultured primary trophoblasts, or bidirectionally on the Transwell® system using BeWo cells treated with forskolin. As forskolin can induce various gene alterations (e.g. cAMP response element genes), we aimed to establish a physiological primary trophoblast model for materno-fetal nutrient exchange studies without forskolin application. Methods: Human term cytotrophoblasts were isolated by enzymatic digestion and Percoll® gradient separation. The purity of the primary cells was assessed by flow cytometry using the trophoblast-specific marker cytokeratin-7. After screening different coating matrices, we optimized the growth conditions for the primary cytotrophoblasts on Transwell/ inserts. The morphology of 5 days cultured trophoblasts was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Membrane makers were visualized using confocal microscopy. Additionally transport studies were performed on the polarized trophoblasts in the Transwell® system. Results: During 5 days culture, the trophoblasts (>90% purity) developed a modest trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and a sizedependent apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) to fluorescently labeled compounds (MW ~400-70’000D). SEM analyses confirmed a confluent trophoblast layer with numerous microvilli at day six, and TEM revealed a monolayer with tight junctions. Immunocytochemistry on the confluent trophoblasts showed positivity for the cell-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin, the tight junction protein ZO-1, and the membrane proteins ABCA1 and Na+/K+-ATPase. Vectorial glucose and cholesterol transport studies confirmed functionality of the cultured trophoblast barrier. Conclusion: Evidence from cell morphology, biophysical parameters and cell marker expressions indicate the successful and reproducible establishment of a primary trophoblast monolayer model suitable for transport studies. Application of this model to pathological trophoblasts will help to better understand the mechanism underlying gestational diseases, and to define the consequences of placental pathology on materno-fetal nutrient transport.

Biernat, Carolina y Ramacciotti, Karina. Crecer y multiplicarse: la política sanitaria materno-infantil argentina 1900-1960, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Biblos, 2013, 165 págs., ISBN 978-987-691-215-0.

Fil: Simonetto, Patricio. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes

Atención integral postaborto, en el Instituto Especializado Materno Perinatal. 1995-2004

http://sisbib.unmsm.edu.pe/BVRevistas/ginecologia/vol53_n3/pdf/A09V53N3.pdf

Petitorio por la urgente extensión de la implementación del Plan Operativo para la Reducción de la Mortalidad Materno Infantil, de la Mujer y de las Adolescentes

Asumen (Alianza Argentina para la Salud de la Madre, el Recién Nacido y el Niño) insta al Ministerio de Salud de la Nación y a los Ministerios de Salud Provinciales a que desplieguen todas sus capacidades y recursos necesarios para la inmediata extensión a escala nacional de la implementación del Plan Operativo para la Reducción de la Mortalidad Materno infantil, de la Mujer y de las Adolescentes (resolución 1087/10), prorrogado hasta el año 2015 mediante la Resolución 934/2012 de la cartera de Salud