An��lise epidemiol��gica das fraturas acetabulares

This aim of this work was to carry out an epidemiological study on acetabular fractures in the city of Campinas and surrounds, in view of the few published papers on this subject. Medical files with a diagnosis of acetabular fracture between the years 2004 and 2008 that were made available by the Medical Archiving Service of Hospital das Cl��nicas, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) were analyzed by six observers. Data on patients' ages, sex, side affected by the fracture, mechanism of injury, material used for synthesis, complications of the operation, associated fractures, length of hospitalization before and after the surgery, time of total internment and number of physiotherapy sessions before and after the surgery were gathered. It was observed in this population that the left side was more affected; the mechanism of injury that most often caused this type of fracture was automobile accidents; injuries to the sciatic nerve were the commonest surgical complications; and the synthesis material most used was reconstruction plates.

Epidemiologia da ins��nia

A vast literature review on the insomnia epidemiology, the most common sleep disorder, using MEDLINE and LILACS last 30 years of data, was performed from January 2002 to November 2003. The key-words were: sleep initiation disorders, sleep maintenance disorders, early awakening disorder, insomnia, sleep disorders, insomnia prevalence, insomnia consequences. Several insomnia definition criteria and epidemiology researches methods, with data comparison difficulties, were noticed. In the future it will be necessary similar insomnia definition and epidemiology studies criteria.

Incapacidades fisicas em hanseniase e atividade fisica : coisa do passado ou problema do futuro

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educa����o F��sica

MH 607 FEF/UNICAMP, onde saude coletiva e performance humana se encontram : uma pesquisa-a����o

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educa����o F��sica

Protocolo de les��o esportiva no esporte paral��mpico (PLEEP) : proposta para a coleta de dados

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educa����o F��sica

Contribution Of Antepartum And Intrapartum Hemorrhage To The Burden Of Maternal Near Miss And Death In A National Surveillance Study

Objective To evaluate the occurrence of severe obstetric complications associated with antepartum and intrapartum hemorrhage among women from the Brazilian Network for Surveillance of Severe Maternal Morbidity.Design Multicenter cross-sectional study.Setting Twenty-seven obstetric referral units in Brazil between July 2009 and June 2010.Population A total of 9555 women categorized as having obstetric complications.Methods The occurrence of potentially life-threatening conditions, maternal near miss and maternal deaths associated with antepartum and intrapartum hemorrhage was evaluated. Sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics and the use of criteria for management of severe bleeding were also assessed in these women.Main outcome measures The prevalence ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals adjusted for the cluster effect of the design, and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to identify factors independently associated with the occurrence of severe maternal outcome.Results Antepartum and intrapartum hemorrhage occurred in only 8% (767) of women experiencing any type of obstetric complication. However, it was responsible for 18.2% (140) of maternal near miss and 10% (14) of maternal death cases. On multivariate analysis, maternal age and previous cesarean section were shown to be independently associated with an increased risk of severe maternal outcome (near miss or death).Conclusion Severe maternal outcome due to antepartum and intrapartum hemorrhage was highly prevalent among Brazilian women. Certain risk factors, maternal age and previous cesarean delivery in particular, were associated with the occurrence of bleeding.

Epidemiologia do Padr��o Face Longa em escolares do Ensino Fundamental do munic��pio de Bauru - SP

OBJETIVO: o objetivo deste trabalho foi classificar e determinar a preval��ncia dos indiv��duos portadores de comprometimento vertical nas rela����es faciais, conforme a severidade da discrep��ncia e, especialmente, dos portadores de Padr��o Face Longa. M��TODOS: a amostra constou de 5.020 sujeitos de nacionalidade brasileira, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 10 anos e 16 anos e 11 meses, matriculados no Ensino Fundamental do munic��pio de Bauru-SP. O exame da morfologia facial constou da observa����o direta da face, em normas frontal e lateral, sempre com os l��bios em repouso, buscando identificar aqueles indiv��duos que apresentassem comprometimento vertical nas rela����es faciais. Esses, uma vez identificados, foram classificados, considerando-se a severidade, em tr��s subtipos: moderado, m��dio e grave. Para fins de determina����o da preval��ncia dos portadores de Padr��o Face Longa, apenas os classificados como dos subtipos m��dio e grave foram considerados. RESULTADOS: observou-se uma preval��ncia de 34,94% de comprometimento vertical nas rela����es faciais e 14,06% de Padr��o Face Longa. CONCLUS��O: os resultados obtidos no presente estudo permitiram concluir que a preval��ncia do comprometimento vertical nas rela����es faciais e do Padr��o Face Longa foi maior do que a presumida com base na literatura.

Preval��ncia de sobrepeso e obesidade e fatores associados em adolescentes na regi��o centro-oeste do estado de S��o Paulo (SP, Brasil)

Objetivou-se avaliar a rela����o entre o ��ndice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e o ��ndice CPOD em 207 adolescentes de 12 anos, de 8 escolas p��blicas e particulares da regi��o centro-oeste do estado de S��o Paulo. A amostra foi constitu��da por 380 adolescentes aos 12 anos, de ambos os g��neros, sendo examinados 207. Utilizou-se o ��ndice CPOD, IMC para peso, medida de estatura, e aplicou-se question��rio sobre h��bitos alimentares, caracter��sticas antropom��tricas e atividade f��sica. Quanto ao peso corp��reo, 55,93% apresentaram normal (G4), 35,59% de baixo peso (G3), 8,47% de pr��-obesos (G2), nas escolas particulares. Nas p��blicas, 52,03% apresentaram normal, baixo peso 41,22%, pr��-obesos 4,73% e obesos (G1) 2,03%; n��o houve diferen��a significativa (p=0,45). Verificou-se que o CPOD nas escolas p��blicas foi 2,16 e nas particulares, 0,23 (p<0,05), sendo que 39,2% das crian��as estavam livres de c��rie nas municipais e nas particulares, 88,1%. N��o houve correla����o do maior IMC com o incremento de CPOD. Houve correla����o negativa entre condi����es socioecon��micas e ��ndice de c��rie dent��ria. Concluiu-se que os grupos pr��-obesos e obesos, embora houvesse maior frequ��ncia de ingest��o de alimentos, n��o apresentaram correla����o com o incremento de c��rie dent��ria, mas as condi����es socioecon��micas foram determinantes para essa ocorr��ncia.

Aspectos epidemiol��gicos da fluorose dent��ria no Brasil: pesquisas no per��odo 1993-2006

A epidemiologia da fluorose dent��ria resulta de inqu��ritos realizados recentemente, em decorr��ncia da melhor compreens��o de aspectos metab��licos dos fluoretos no organismo humano e de preocupa����es no ��mbito da sa��de coletiva. Objetiva-se apresentar os estudos realizados sobre a fluorose entre 1993 e 2006. O per��odo 1993-2004 demarca o intervalo entre a 2��e a 3�� Confer��ncia Nacional de Sa��de Bucal. Em 2005-2006, a busca de dados prim��rios apresentados em reuni��es cient��ficas confirmou os achados existentes na literatura, mostrando que a agenda cient��fica brasileira n��o foi substancialmente influenciada pelas discuss��es travadas durante a 3�� Confer��ncia. A maioria dos estudos concentra-se em ��reas urbanas e a predomin��ncia no Brasil dos graus "muito leve" e "leve" de fluorose mostra n��o haver comprometimentos de ordem funcional. A baixa percep����o da fluorose pela popula����o, aliada �� sua baixa preval��ncia, evoca o necess��rio debate sobre as quest��es de sa��de coletiva no pa��s. Visto que a produ����o cient��fica nacional constitui uma importante fonte de conhecimentos para subsidiar a elabora����o de pol��ticas p��blicas para o setor da sa��de, os sucessivos e pontuais estudos analisados mostram que, no que diz respeito �� fluorose, o diagn��stico epidemiol��gico reafirma a necessidade, a import��ncia e a seguran��a da fluoreta����o das ��guas de abastecimento p��blico como medida de sa��de coletiva.

Evolu����o temporal da dengue no munic��pio de Ribeir��o Preto, S��o Paulo, 1994 a 2003

Este estudo caracteriza-se epidemiol��gico-descritivo com objetivo de descrever a evolu����o temporal dos casos de dengue em Ribeir��o Preto, S��o Paulo, no per��odo de 1994 a 2003, segundo m��s de ocorr��ncia e sexo. Os dados foram obtidos junto ��s fichas de notifica����o compuls��ria fornecidas pela Vigil��ncia Epidemiol��gica da Secretaria Municipal de Sa��de do munic��pio. Foram obtidos os coeficientes de incid��ncia por 100.000 habitantes, segundo estimativas populacionais do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat��stica. O munic��pio viveu uma epidemia de dengue no ano de 2001, quando o coeficiente de incid��ncia chegou a 619,65 casos/100.000 habitantes, sendo que dentre os 5.553 casos encontrados no per��odo estudado, 0,07% ocorreram no ano de 1994, 3,68% em 1995, 4,52% em 1996, 2,40% em 1997, 1,82% em 1998, 5,73% em 1999, 3,75% em 2000, 57,37% em 2001, 6,25% em 2002 e, 14,39% em 2003 . Os meses do ano de maior ocorr��ncia da doen��a foram de janeiro a maio. Em rela����o �� vari��vel sexo, a propor����o entre o n��mero de casos foi de aproximadamente 1:1, mostrando pequenas flutua����es de casos de dengue entre homens e mulheres, para todo per��odo estudado. Os resultados apontam a necessidade do desenvolvimento de estudos sobre a tem��tica e refor��am o papel das institui����es de ensino na quest��o da dengue no nosso pa��s.

Comparison of periodontal parameters in individuals with syndromic craniosynostosis

Craniosynostosis syndromes are characterized by premature closure of one or more cranial sutures, associated with other malformations, the most frequent of which are the Crouzon and Apert syndromes. Few studies in the literature have addressed the oral health of these individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare the periodontal status of individuals with Apert, Crouzon, Pfeiffer and Saethre-Chotzen syndromes before toothbrushing and compare the efficiency of plaque removal before and after mechanical toothbrushing. The probing depth, plaque index (according to L��e and O'Leary), clinical attachment level, gingival index (according to Silness and L��e) and amount of keratinized mucosa were evaluated before toothbrushing, and the O'Leary plaque index was assessed before and immediately after toothbrushing, on the same day, in 27 individuals aged 11 to 36 years. There was statistically significant difference in the mean probing depth and clinical attachment level among regions (p=0.00; p=0.01, respectively). The gingival index did not reveal statistically significant differences. With regard to the plaque index, the left region exhibited higher plaque index values than the right and anterior regions. No significant results were found in the analysis of keratinized mucosa. Comparison of the O'Leary plaque index before and after toothbrushing revealed statistically significant difference for all syndromes except for the Pfeiffer syndrome (p<0.05). In conclusion, there was no difference in the periodontal status among individuals with syndromic craniosynostosis. The posterior region was more affected than the anterior region as to the presence of plaque, loss of insertion and probing depth. Individuals with Pfeiffer syndrome exhibited greater toothbrushing efficiency than individuals with the other craniosynostosis syndromes.

T-wave alternans: desempenho cl��nico, limita����es, metodologias de an��lise

Reconhecer com precis��o indiv��duos com maior risco imediato de morte s��bita card��aca (MSC) ainda �� uma quest��o em aberto. A natureza fortuita dos eventos cardiovasculares agudos n��o parece se adequar ao conhecido modelo de indu����o de taquicardia/fibrila����o ventricular por um gatilho em sincronia a um substrato arritmog��nico est��tico. Quanto ao mecanismo da MSC, uma instabilidade el��trica din��mica explicaria melhor a raridade da associa����o simult��nea de um gatilho certo a um substrato card��aco apropriado. Diversos estudos tentaram medir essa instabilidade el��trica card��aca (ou um equivalente v��lido) em uma sequ��ncia de batimentos card��acos no ECG. Dentre os mecanismos poss��veis podemos citar o prolongamento do QT, dispers��o do QT, potenciais tardios, altern��ncia de onda T ou T-wave alternans (TWA), e turbul��ncia da frequ��ncia card��aca. Este artigo se at��m em particular ao papel da TWA no panorama atual da estratifica����o de risco card��aco. Os achados sobre TWA ainda s��o heterog��neos, variando de um desempenho progn��stico muito bom at�� um quase nulo, dependendo da popula����o cl��nica observada e protocolo cl��nico usado. Para preencher as atuais lacunas no conhecimento sobre TWA, profissionais m��dicos e pesquisadores devem explorar melhor as caracter��sticas t��cnicas das diversas tecnologias dispon��veis para a avalia����o de TWA e atentar ao fato de que os valores de TWA respondem a diversos outros fatores, al��m de medicamentos. Informa����es sobre mecanismos celulares e subcelulares da TWA est��o fora do escopo deste artigo, mas s��o referenciados alguns dos principais trabalhos sobre este t��pico, com o intuito de auxiliar no entendimento dos conceitos e fatos cobertos neste artigo.

A retrospective study of Traumatic Dental Injuries in a Brazilian dental urgency service

Epidemiologic aspects of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) were evaluated in the permanent dentition in a sample of 847 patients treated at the Dental Urgency Service of the Dental School of the Federal University of Goi��s, Brazil, between May 2000 and May 2008. The statistical treatment analyzed data from frequency distribution and chi-square test. The level of significance was set at 5% for all analyses. The results showed a higher incident among males (610; 72.01%) with mean age of 6-10 year-old. Uncomplicated crown fracture (without pulp exposure) (502; 26.95%), avulsion (341; 18.30%) and complicated crown fracture (with pulp exposure) (330; 17.71%) were the most prevalent TDI. The prevalence of trauma throughout the years showed proportionality, being observed a larger number of cases between July and September (249; 29.39%). The most affected teeth were the maxillary central incisors (65.65%), followed by the maxillary left lateral incisors (19.67%). In 311 participants (18.25%), only one tooth was involved, while in most patients (536; 81.75%), TDI occurred in more than one tooth. Significant proportion (82.27%) of traumatized teeth presented completely formed root apex. The main etiologic factors involved in TDI were falls (51.71%), traffic accidents (22.90%) and violence (5.67%). Based on the obtained data, it may be concluded that accurate policies of TDI prevention must be established, capable of stimulating the exposure of appropriate protocols for management of these lesions. The prevalence of TDI in Goi��nia subpopulation is compared to the prevalence reported in epidemiological studies in others populations.

Prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults. A total of 1,372 periapical radiographs of endodontically treated teeth were analyzed based on the quality of root filling, status of coronal restoration and presence of posts associated with apical periodontitis (AP). Data were analyzed statistically using odds ratio, confidence intervals and chi-square test. The prevalence of AP with adequate endodontic treatment was low (16.5%). This percentage dropped to 12.1% in cases with adequate root filling and adequate coronal restoration. Teeth with adequate endodontic treatment and poor coronal restoration had an AP prevalence of 27.9%. AP increased to 71.7% in teeth with poor endodontic treatment associated with poor coronal restoration. When poor endodontic treatment was combined with adequate coronal restoration, AP prevalence was 61.8%. The prevalence of AP was low when associated with high technical quality of root canal treatment. Poor coronal restoration increased the risk of AP even when endodontic treatment was adequate (OR=2.80; 95%CI=1.87-4.22). The presence of intracanal posts had no influence on AP prevalence.

Risk indicators for aggressive periodontitis in an untreated isolated young population from Brazil

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis (AgP), and to investigate the association between demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral risk indicators with AgP in an untreated and isolated young population in Southeastern Brazil. For this cross-sectional survey, 134 subjects aged 12-29 years were selected by a census. Of those eligible, 101 subjects received a full-mouth clinical examination, and were interviewed using a structured written questionnaire. Cases were defined as individuals with 4 or more teeth with attachment loss > 4 mm or > 5 mm in the age groups 12-19 and 20-29, respectively. Overall, 9.9% of the subjects presented AgP (10.3% of the 12-19-year-olds and 9.7% of the 20-29-year-olds). The only risk indicator significantly associated with AgP in this isolated population was a high proportion of sites (> 30%) presenting supragingival calculus [OR = 23.2]. Having experienced an urgency dental treatment was a protective factor for AgP [OR = 0.1]. The authors concluded that this isolated and untreated population from Brazil presented a high prevalence of AgP. Local plaque-retaining factors played a major role in the prevalence of AgP in this isolated population, and should be included in further studies evaluating this destructive periodontal disease form.