961 resultados para Electoral geography


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Alternate leaves blank. Some leaves contain MS notes by previous owner.

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Includes index.

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"On the leading manuscripts of the principal texts in vols. II and III": v.2, p.[542]-552.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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"Appendix to v.I, in two parts, containing 1. The history of the voyages around the world, and toward the North and South poles, which have been made since the year 1764, by English navigators. 2. A digested and geographical account of the most considerable islands and countries which have been either discovered or explored during those voyages, collected from every writer upon those subjects".

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Incluye anotaciones y piezas históricas correspondientes a esta obra :p. 603-624.

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Includes index.

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Vols. for 1889-1932 by G.G. Chisholm (1928-32 rev. and edited by L.D. Stamp); 1937- by L.D. Stamp (1954- with S.C. Gilmour)

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"The Slavic and East European Division, in close cooperation with the General Reference and Bibliography Division, edited the list."

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After the electoral reform in 1994, Japan saw a gradual evolution from a multi-party system toward a two-party system over the course of five House of Representatives election cycles. In contrast, after Taiwan’s constitutional amendment in 2005, a two-party system emerged in the first post-reform legislative election in 2008. Critically, however, Taiwan’s president is directly elected while Japan’s prime minister is indirectly elected. The contributors conclude that the higher the payoffs of holding the executive office and the greater degree of cross-district coordination required to win it, the stronger the incentives for elites to form and stay in the major parties. In such a context, a country will move rapidly toward a two-party system. In Part II, the contributors apply this theoretical logic to other countries with mixed-member systems to demonstrate its generality. They find the effect of executive competition on legislative electoral rules in countries as disparate as Thailand, the Philippines, New Zealand, Bolivia, and Russia. The findings presented in this book have important implications for political reform. Often, reformers are motivated by high hopes of solving some political problems and enhancing the quality of democracy. But, as this group of scholars demonstrates, electoral reform alone is not a panacea. Whether and to what extent it achieves the advocated goals depends not only on the specification of new electoral rules per se but also on the political context—and especially the constitutional framework—within which such rules are embedded.

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"ISM contract 175."

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Cover title.