886 resultados para Crowd wisdom
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Na Amazônia as plantas medicinais são um dos principais recursos para o tratamento de diversas doenças, dado o contexto cultural, o acesso, confiabilidade e baixo custo em comparação aos medicamentos industriais. Nesse contexto, encontra-se o Distrito de Marudá, no Município de Marapanim, a 160 Km da capital Belém, onde é comum o uso de plantas medicinais para o tratamento de agravos à saúde. O Brasil registra vários levantamentos de espécies vegetais utilizadas na fitoterapia popular de um grupo humano, aplicando-se metodologias etnoorientadas como etnobotânica e etnofarmácia, para inventariar a flora. Este trabalho objetiva investigar a prática da fitoterapia popular pelos moradores do bairro do Sossego, incluindo um grupo de mulheres denominado Erva Vida no Distrito de Marudá - PA, ilustrando a importância das plantas medicinais para este grupo humano em termos culturais, econômicos e ambientais. Para isso realizou-se um levantamento etnofarmacêutico visando identificar as plantas medicinais utilizadas pela população local. Foram entrevistados 18 praticantes da fitoterapia popular (pessoas detentoras de conhecimento sobre as plantas medicinais) que foram indicados pela própria comunidade do bairro do Sossego, seguindo a técnica bola-de-neve ou “Snow Ball”. As mulheres do Grupo Erva Vida, por também serem detentoras de conhecimentos sobre as plantas medicinais também foram entrevistadas. Foram citadas 96 etnoespécies de uso medicinal, segundo as informantes, elas distribuem-se em 44 famílias, destacando-se a Lamiaceae, com 11 etnoespécies (11,70%) e Asteraceae, com 7 etnoespécies (7,44%). O agravo mais citado é a febre, tratada com a planta anador que possui a maior Frequência relativa de alegação de uso (FRAPS), com 100% das indicações, seguida da arruda com 88% para tratar a dor de cabeça. Estas duas plantas apresentam potencial para mais estudos farmacológicos para validar suas alegações de uso popular. O presente trabalho registra o saber popular sobre a fitoterapia popular praticada no bairro do Sossego, Marudá – Marapanim, PA e traz subsídios para futuros projetos para o desenvolvimento de arranjos produtivos locais com fitoterápicos e para a utilização de remédios preparados pelo Grupo Erva Vida na atenção básica a saúde no Distrito assim induzindo o Desenvolvimento Local em Marudá.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Em Raízes do Brasil, Holanda associa o Iberismo e o personalismo com a adaptação plástica às condições locais. Marco do tradicional, o iberismo representaria um obstáculo à modernização brasileira e as relações pessoais, por sua vez, um obstáculo à racionalização e impessoalidade das instituições. Entretanto, utilizando Max Weber, a questão do personalismo e a adaptação plástica às circunstâncias locais podem ser entendidas como um fator de modernização presente no processo de colonização e expansão para o oeste. Em Caminhos e fronteiras há inúmeros exemplos de adaptação, formas de racionalização singularmente aplicadas ao caso brasileiro. Aqui a adaptação teria significado um tipo de domínio racional de técnicas, constituindo uma dominação racional do mundo inspirada não religiosamente, mas sim pela incorporação e adaptação de conhecimentos, sabedorias e técnicas indígenasna tarefa da colonização em São Paulo, com as bandeiras.
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Este artigo é uma iniciativa de destacar alguns elementos a respeito das reflexões de Walter Benjamin sobre o cinema, uma arte que, segundo o próprio autor, responde aos anseios perceptivos do homem moderno, àquele para o qual foi negada qualquer experiência. O cinema, “a obra de arte na era de sua reprodutibilidade técnica”, por excelência, é, para o autor, o marco de uma nova percepção, de uma nova relação entre público e obra de arte: a percepção coletiva. O que a multidão busca não é a contemplação ou o recolhimento diante da obra de arte, mas a sua distração. Fato que o cinema, ao reproduzir em sua forma o conceito benjaminiano de “experiência do choque”, por meio das sucessivas exposições de seus fragmentos, interrompendo constantemente a associação de idéias dos espectadores, insiste em colocar em pauta, (re)afirmando o caráter de diversão da arte moderna. Entretanto, para o autor, o cinema dialeticamente responde à diversão como o instrumento adequado para uma pedagogia das multidões — por meio de uma arte emancipada, as massas também se emancipariam.
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O objetivo principal deste artigo é levantar algumasexplicações possíveis para o sucesso editorial do segmento daautoajuda a partir das últimas décadas do século passado. Paratanto, quatro eixos explicativos são desenvolvidos: 1) vivemos umperíodo de reflexividade que abre espaço para as receitas e osmodelos da autoajuda; 2) outras formas de racionalidade, numacontraposição à visão de Max Weber, abrem espaço para o saberprofessado pelos gurus da autoajuda; 3) a autoajuda tem umafunção terapêutica fundamental numa época que vive os dilemasda modernidade tardia; 4) o modelo de competência que imperano imaginário organizacional contemporâneo abre espaço paraos ensinamentos da autoajuda. Rastreando essas explicaçõesprocurar-se-á mostrar de que forma as especificidades do nossotempo constituem terreno fértil para a autoajuda.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Odontologia - ICT
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Pós-graduação em Estudos Literários - FCLAR
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Memory, the ability of keeping and remembering past states of consciousness and everything that could be associated with them, is one of the human properties responsible for the construction of experience, knowledge and preservation of individual’s identity. However, recalling is also the way we keep relationships with time, factor that is essential and inherent to our existence and responsible for the fact that we have memory. As for the narrative, as for life, time is a prime category, because it is in time that narrated or experienced events happen. This relationship between time and memory is remarkable in “O burrinho pedrês”, Guimarães Rosa’s short story present in his debut book, Sagarana. In this story, we can notice, generally, the characters use memory as a way to return to the past, evoking, consciously or unconsciously, the experience and its result, the wisdom, to help on the understanding of present situations. So, this research has as objective to analyze how time and memory relate and become indispensable to the development of the narrative and to the construction of the other categories - character, narrator and space. The theoretical foundation is based on studies clustered in three dimensions: a) theoretical essays about Guimarães Rosa’s work in general and the particular short story b) philosophical and/or psychological propositions about memory and time, and c) propositions about the mentioned categories of narrative
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A reflection on Machado de Assis established relationship with the North American writer Edgar Allan Poe short stories is proposed here. A comparison between the short stories The Man of the Crowd and Só! [Lonely] is made in order to set the contrast between characters and theme treatment, fictionally elaborated by the two writers, considering the concept of influence within the framework of Comparative Literature.
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From August 2005 to March 2007, the two seasons (with 12 and 10 episodes respectively) of the award winning miniseries HBO‟s ROME were aired by the Home Box Office (HBO) channel. With screenplay signed by various writers and directors, the TV series was a coproduction of HBO (USA) and BBC (UK) with support from RAI (Italy), and the show was filmed in multiple locations, but mainly in Cinecittà Film Studios in Rome, very famous for having been headquarters also for Federico Fellini‟s movies. In the first season, the miniseries depicts the conquest of Gaul, made by the military genius of Gaius Julius Caesar, and the political trajectory that made him accumulate power to such an extent that this divided Roman citizens into two factions, one supporting and the other opposing him, the latter focused mainly on the historic figure of General Gnaeus Pompey Magnus. The second season shows the period of civil war following the assassination of Caesar, and the future rise to power of his nephew, adopted son and sole heir, Gaius Octavian Augustus, who was destined to overcome his rivals as well as their allies in the triumvirate that had been formed to pursue and punish Caesar‟s assassins. These facts are well known and usually crowd the mind and imagination of every minimally educated person. The HBO series broke new ground not only for the talent of its writers, directors and actors, not only for its visual effects and locations nor for the vibrancy and grandeur of historical scenes – after all, “historical movies” in general do the same – but it has done so also by the (re)construction of historical events from the perspective of a pair of protagonists of whom too little is known: the centurions Titus Pullo and Lucius Vorenus, who are the only low-rank soldiers mentioned by Caesar in his book Commentaries on the Gallic War (Commentarii de Bello Gallico V.44). Thus, the fictionalization of events also took into account several Roman civilization data which were scattered through historical sources and also those that belong to the modern knowledge of material culture, resulting in a TV series whose filmic aesthetics has rare beauty and creativity. From the survey of textual, historical and cultural data put together in this film, as well as the distance featuring the creative space in the dimension of the gap between them, this paper aims to highlight two pivotal moments of visual and narrative strategies of the show: the opening credits footage and the final scenes of the first season of HBO's Rome.
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Within the scope of Literary Studies, theory, criticism, and historiography about the literature produced in the Middle Ages developed considerably from 1940 on, with the works of Ernst Curtius, Mikhail Bakhtin, and Erich Auerbach. In spite of the progress made, some specific aspects remain in the shadow, with incursions which were punctual though meaningful: that is the case of the critic fortunes about women‟s literary production in that period. Rosvita was a canoness and lived in the Benedictine convent of Gandersheim (Germany), in the 10th century A.D. Coming under Terence‟s influence, she wrote theater plays in Latin in which she figuratively presented theological issues in order to spread the Christian doctrine. The martyrdom issue deserved to be put in relief and was the focal point of the play Wisdom, which took place at the time of the Roman emperor Adrian. This paper analyzes that dramatic text discussing, at the end, how the categories of symbol, enigma, allegory, and mystery are organized by the author as expressive resources and structural elements.
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The University is responsible for the stablishment of citizens with critical thinking, based on current concepts, capable of a dynamic and participative attitude in the community in which these professinals will be inserted. Education at environmental sustainability, permeated by the articulation among knowledge, social, and cultural phenomena, brings the challenge of incorporating skills, providing essential values not only for understanding the historical relations between human beings and the environment, but also to improving the quality of life. The “World Conference on Higher Education in the Twenty-first Century: Vision and Action" guides the educational process by its mission to train citizens professionals, highly informed, motivated, integrated and able to create a society based on love of humanity and wisdom. The balancing among the basic functions of teaching, research and extension within the University contributes to the student to take ownership of the construction of his own knowledge in a perspective of integral formation of the human being, aware of his social responsibility and policy for a society environmentally sound. This paper aims to, guided by literature review, present some considerations on the role of the University in education for environmental sustainability.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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In this paper the figure of Alice from the book Alice in Wonderland (1865) by Lewis Carroll will be analyzed from Tim Burton’s sight in the adaptation for the movies (2010), noticing his analysis of a Victorian argument and his emphasis to a construction of a heroine with a characterization in the female pattern at the present time, considering the structures of the unconsciousness that allowed the character to obtain the wisdom, courage and the capacity to decide its own destiny.