Preliminary account of the coral snakes of Central America and Mexico, by Karl P. Schmidt.

v.20:no.6(1933)

Dieta e comportamento de forrageamento de Suiriri affinis e S. islerorum (Aves, Tyrannidae) em um cerrado do Brasil central

Foi estudado o comportamento de forrageamento de Suiriri affinis (suiriri-do-cerrado) e S. islerorum (suiriri-da-chapada), duas espécies de Tyrannidae que ocorrem em sintopia nos cerrados do Brasil central. Durante o ano de 2003 foram registradas 188 observações de forrageamento para S. affinis e 150 para S. islerorum. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as duas espécies em relação à altura e substrato de forrageamento, fitofisionomia utilizada e densidade da folhagem no local do ataque. O comportamento e a direção do ataque, a espécie de planta e a distância de vôo não diferiram entre as espécies. A análise de 26 conteúdos estomacais de membros do gênero revelou o consumo exclusivo de artrópodes. A baixa porcentagem de observações de forrageamento direcionadas a frutos (apenas 7% e 9%, respectivamente) confirmou o caráter insetívoro do gênero.

Spatial and trophic interactions in wet and dry seasons between gambusia luma and Gambusia sexradiata (Pisces: Poecilidae) in Belize, Central America / David W. Greenfield, Chester F. Rakocinski, Teresa A. Greenfield.

n.s. no.14(1983)

Notes on Central American crocodiles, by Karl P. Schmidt. Reports on results of the Captain Marshall Field expeditions.

v.12:no.6(1924)

Breeding activity of Scinax centralis (Anura, Hylidae) in Central Brazil

From January, 1997 to April, 1998, we studied breeding activity in a population of Scinax centralis Pombal & Bastos, 1996, in the state of Goiás, inside the Cerrado Biome, Brazil. The behavior of males and females in the choruses, the relationships between environmental variables and the presence of individuals, the spatial distribution pattern, amplexus and clutches were analyzed. The breeding season occurred from November to May. The majority of males began to call when they entered the chorus; they were defending their calling sites against other males. We found a positive correlation between the number of females and males in the choruses, but no significant correlation was observed between the operational sexual ratio (OSR, number of reproducing females/number of reproducing males) and the number of calling males. OSR was highly male-biased; on average, there were 40 males for each female. The presence of individuals was positively correlated with air temperature of two previous days and negatively correlated with rainfall on the observation day. Generally, males were non-randomly distributed and satellite males were observed. Females were larger and heavier than males. Egg number, but not diameter of the egg, was correlated with the female size.

Fauna de Hymenoptera em Ficus spp. (Moraceae) na Amazônia Central, Brasil

A interação Ficus (Moraceae) - vespas de figo é considerada um dos exemplos mais extremos de mutualismo entre planta e inseto. Neste trabalho, descreve-se a fauna de vespas de figo associada a cinco espécies de Ficus na Amazônia Central, considerando alguns aspectos do modo de polinização nas espécies Ficus (Urostigma) cremersii, Ficus (Urostigma) greiffiana, Ficus (Urostigma) mathewsii, Ficus (Urostigma) pertusa e Ficus (Pharmacosycea) maxima. O estudo foi desenvolvido durante o período de abril a julho de 2004 em Manaus e Presidente Figueiredo, Estado do Amazonas. O número de espécies de vespas de figo por hospedeiro variou de uma a 13. Vespas do gênero Pegoscapus Cameron, 1906, polinizadoras de Ficus (Urostigma) spp., apresentam pentes coxais e bolsos torácicos adaptados à coleta e ao transporte de pólen, indicando modo ativo de polinização. No subgênero Pharmacosycea, a polinizadora do gênero Tetrapus Mayr, 1885, não apresenta estrutura morfológica adaptada ao transporte de pólen, condizente com o modo passivo de polinização. Além das vespas de figo, F. (Pharmacosyceae) maxima e F. (Urostigma) pertusa apresentaram associação com ácaros, formigas (Solenopsis sp., Formicidae), besouros (Staphylinidae) e larvas de Diptera e Lepidoptera.

The solar year of the Mayas at Quirigua, Guatemala / by J. Eric Thompson, Assistant Curator of Central and South American Archaeology; 2 text-figures; Berthold Laufer, Curator, Department of Anthropology, editor.

v.17:no.4(1932)

A new central Brazilian genus and species of sigmodontine rodent (Sigmodontinae) transitional between akodonts and oryzomyines : with a discussion of muroid molar morphology and evolution / Philip Hershkovitz.

n.s. no.75(1993)

Upper Devonian Receptaculites chardini n. sp. from central Afghanistan / Matthew H. Nitecki -- and Albert F. de Lapparent --.

v.35:no.5(1976)

A collection of amphibians and reptiles from the Cardamom Mountains, southwestern Cambodia / Bryan L. Stuart [and] David A. Emmett.

n.s. no.109(2006)

Alterações na ictiocenose do rio Forqueta em função da instalação da Pequena Central Hidrelétrica Salto Forqueta, Putinga, Rio Grande do Sul

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar alterações na taxocenose de peixes devido à instalação da Pequena Central Hidrelétrica Salto Forqueta no curso do rio Forqueta. A área de estudo localiza-se na bacia hidrográfica do rio Taquari, entre os municípios de Putinga (margem esquerda do rio) e São José do Herval (margem direita do rio). O estudo abrangeu quatro etapas: Etapa I - dez/2000 a fev/2002 (anterior ao represamento), Etapa II - dez/2002 a jan/2004 (primeiro ano subseqüente ao represamento), Etapa III - maio/2004 a abr/2005 (segundo ano após o represamento) e Etapa IV - maio/2005 a jul/2006 (terceiro ano após o represamento). As amostragens foram realizadas com redes de espera de malhas diversas. Foram registradas 28 espécies na Etapa I, 21 espécies na Etapa II, 19 espécies na Etapa III e 18 espécies na Etapa IV, sendo que as maiores taxas de abundância nas quatro etapas de monitoramento variaram entre as espécies Astyanax spp., Hemiancistrus punctulatus Cardoso & Malabarba, 1999, Steindachnerina biornata (Pearson, 1924), Oligosarcus jenynsii (Günther, 1864) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824). Verificaram-se diversas alterações na ictiocenose local, porém, as alterações não se mostraram estatisticamente significativas.

Morphometric and genetic differentiation among populations of Eupemphix nattereri (Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae) from central Brazil

To assess genetic structure and phenotypic diversity of Eupemphix nattereri Steindachner, 1863, morphometric and molecular analyses were carried out for nine populations from the State of Goiás. A total of 11 morphometric traits were evaluated and genetic information was estimated using RAPD markers. Genetic and phenotypic distances were determined as a function of geographical origin. Correlation among genetic, morphometric, micro, and macroenviromental were analyzed by the Mantel test. Genetic data indicated high levels of genetic diversity (Φst= 0.3) among the nine populations. Mantel tests did not reveal a significant positive correlation between genetic and geographical distances, indicating that locally geographical populations were not genetically similar, even in distances smaller than 50 km. Discriminant analysis on 11 morphometric measurements showed a high divergence among the nine populations. However, a marginally significant correlation (P=0.08) between genetic and morphometric distances was found. The observed correlation was not causal in terms of the relationship between phenotype and genotype, but indicated common spatial structures. Thus, our results suggest that isolation-by-distance processes may explain population divergence in Eupemphix nattereri.

Geographic variation in the Central American colubrine snake, Vinia sebae [by] Karl P. Schmidt and A. Stanley Rand.

v.39:no.10(1957)

Feeding of Pellona flavipinnis (Clupeiformes, Pristigasteridae)in a Central Amazonian floodplain

The feeding habits of Pellona flavipinnis (Valenciennes, 1836) at Catalão, a floodplain area on the Brazilian Central Amazon was studied. Data was obtained during three hydrological cycles, between September 1999 and September 2003. Diet composition, daily and seasonal variation in the feeding activity and the relationship between predator's size and its prey were analyzed. Almost 80% of the food consumed has autochthonous origin and diet was composed basically by insects and fish. Juvenile fish predominated in the stomach contents of all size classes but there was no significant relationship between predator's size and its prey. Pellona flavipinnis may be considered a carnivorous species which feeds mainly on juvenile (young-of-the-year) specimens of other fish. More intense feeding activity occurred at night and in the high water period.

The present status of the volcanoes of Central America / Sharat Kumar Roy --

v.10:no.28(1957)