Distribución y concentración de la merluza peruana y su fauna acompañante en otoño 2003: Crucero BIC Olaya 0305-06

El crucero demersal BIC Olaya 0305-06 se realizó entre el 20 de mayo y 18 de junio 2003, para determinar la distribución y abundancia de la merluza (Merluccius gayi peruanus) y su fauna acompañante mediante el uso simultáneo del método de área barrida y el método acústico. El equipo utilizado en la evaluación acústica fue el ecosonda científico EK500 de 38 y 120 kHz de frecuencia. Las principales observaciones fueron: (1) La merluza se detectó desde 3°29’S hasta aproximadamente 7°45’S (Chicama) con predominio de áreas continuas y densas. (2) La abundancia estimada fue 120.000 t. (3) Latitudinalmente la mayor biomasa se encontró en la subárea D (6-7°S), con 67.000 t. (4) La mayor abundancia se registró a 20 mn de la costa con 54.000 t. (5) Además de la merluza, otra especie que se presentó en concentraciones interesantes fue el bereche con barbo (Larimus pacificus), cuya distribución casi continua fue desde el extremo norte del litoral hasta Paita compartiendo en muchos casos el hábitat con la merluza.

Cardiovascular effects of neuropeptide Y.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is present in the brain, the adrenal medulla, and peripheral sympathetic nerves. This peptide is released together with catecholamines during sympathoadrenal activation. It possesses direct vasoconstrictor properties that are not dependent on simultaneous adrenergic activation. Moreover, it potentiates the vascular effect of several stimulatory substances and may contribute to the modulation of blood pressure responsiveness under a number of circumstances. NPY may also be indirectly involved in the control of blood pressure through regulating the release of hormones with well-established actions on the cardiovascular system.

Recueil de chansons, etc.

Contient : Recueil de 301 chansons, jeux-partis, etc., anonymes dans ce manuscrit, mais qui se trouvent, néanmoins, groupés par auteur ; « Traitié des quatre neccessaires », commencé et achevé « en l'an de la grace de N. S. M II cenz et LXVI. » Premiers et derniers mots : « Mesdisans, ja soit ce qu'il aient plusors foiz... — ... la compagnie de precieuse vertu de permanance. Explicit » ; « Le Bestiare d'amours mestre Richart de Furnival. » Publié par C. Hippeau (Paris, 1860, in-8°) ; cf. Histoire littéraire, t. XXIII (1856), p. 724 (art. de P. Paris) ; Recueil de 30 chansons anonymes, en l'honneur de la Vierge ; signalées comme les précédentes par M. G. Raynaud ; Note relative au mariage de « Raoulet Berthelot » et de « Perrine de Fougerays » (1427). — Ms. C de J. Brakelmann (Les plus anciens chansonniers français, Paris, 1870-1896, 2 vol. in-8° ) et J de A. Scheler (Trouvères belges, Paris, 1876, in-8° )

« Ordonnance du hancquot, que fist en la ville de Lisie très haut et très poissant prince Phelippe, par la grace de Dieu, duc de Bourgoigne et de Brabant, etc., l'an mil quatre cens chinquante trois, le XVIIe jour de febvrier. » (Voeux du Faisan).

Contient : « Registre des veux qui furent fais en intencion d'aler sur les Turs, l'an mil quatre cens. chinquante trois, en la presence de très noble et tres redouté prince Phelippe, par la grace de Dieu, duc de Bourgoigne... » ; « Coppie de la bulle donnée l'an lXIII (1463) par le pape Pius [II], et translatée, ce dit an, par solennel orateur l'evesque de Tournay, » G. Filastre ; « Epistre faitte en la contemplacion du saint voyage de Turquie, adreissant à la très crestienne et très heureuse maison de Bourgogne »

Caracterização de padrões de chuvas ocorrentes em Santa Maria (RS)

As características da chuva de uma região podem determinar a maior parte dos efeitos danosos da erosão. A variação da intensidade durante a chuva é uma dessas importantes características. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre os padrões de chuva ocorrentes no Brasil. Este trabalho teve como objetivos determinar os padrões das chuvas erosivas naturais verificadas em Santa Maria (RS), e estimar o período de retorno das chuvas em três padrões propostos. Pluviogramas diários foram cedidos pela Estação Central Experimental de Silvicultura e Conservação do Solo de Santa Maria, pertencente à Fepagro, compreendendo o período de 1963 a 1989 e 1991 a 1992. As chuvas foram classificadas em padrão avançado, intermediário e atrasado, de acordo com a posição do pico de máxima intensidade e, posteriormente, foi estimado o período de retorno das chuvas para cada padrão. Algumas características de interesse foram calculadas, como a intensidade média dos picos, duração das chuvas e dos picos com intensidade superior a 100 mm h-1. Das 1.193 chuvas erosivas individuais analisadas, os padrões, avançado, interme-diário e atrasado, corresponderam a 551, 295 e 347 chuvas, perfazendo 46,2; 24,7 e 29,1% do total de chuvas, respectivamente. Isso caracteriza o padrão avançado como o padrão de chuvas mais freqüente em Santa Maria. Das 79 chuvas com picos de intensidade superiores a 100 mm h-1, os padrões analisados (avançado, intermediário e atrasado) corresponderam a 45, 18 e 16 chuvas, perfazendo 8,2; 6,1 e 4,6% do total de chuvas, respectivamente. A duração média das chuvas com picos de intensidade superiores a 100 mm h-1 foi de 8 h, e a duração dos picos foi de seis min. e 50 seg. Foram calculados os períodos de retorno de 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 e 100 anos para as durações estudadas e construídas curvas de intensidade, duração e freqüência para os padrões de chuva supracitados.

Recueil de règlements des métiers et corporations de Paris, connu sous le nom de Livre des métiers, d'Étienne BOILEAU.

Publié par G.-B. Depping et R. de Lespinasse (Paris, 1837 et 1879, in-4°). — Dans ce manuscrit la « tierce partie » du Livre des métiers est formée par la copie de divers privilèges et de diverses chartes : « Privilege de l'Université de Paris », mars 1302 (n. s.) (fol. 133) ; — « Privilege de Teroanne », 1190 (fol. 134 v°) ; — « Lettre de la confrarie de Nostre Dame et de Saint Jaques », mars 1319 (n. s.) (fol. 134 v°) ; — « Lettres de Saint-Germain des Prez », février 1273 (n. s.), août 1275, etc. (fol. 135) ; — « Copies de plusieurs chartes de Philippe-Auguste et de Philippe le Bel (fol. 137) ; — « Le cri pour les monnoies » (fol. 139 v°), etc. ; — « Ce sont les estatus de la geole du Chastellet de Paris signifiées... par mestre Richart de Gisors » (fol. 144) ; — « Ce sont toutes les aumosnes qui sont faites par la main de l'aumosnier monseigneur le roy de France » (fol. 147) ; — « Modus solvendi in thesauro », 1298-1335 (fol. 160) ; — Tables comparatives de la valeur des monnaies et barèmes divers (fol. 162). — Aux fol. 1 et 172, le nom d'un ancien possesseur : « Jehan Le Feron. »

Discovery of an albite gneiss from the Ile de Groix (Armorican Massif, France): Geochemistry and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology of its Ordovician protolith

For the first time, an albite orthogneiss has been recognised and dated within the HP-LT blueschist facies metabasites and metapelites of the Ile de Groix. It is characterised by a peraluminous composition, high LILE, Th and U contents, MORB-like HREE abundances and moderate Nb and Y values. A U-Pb age of 480.8 +/- A 4.8 Ma was obtained by LA-ICP-MS dating of zircon and titanite. It is interpreted as the age of the magmatic emplacement during the Early Ordovician. Morphologically different zircon grains yield late Neoproterozoic ages of 546.6-647.4 Ma. Zircon and titanite U-Pb ages indicate that the felsic magmatism from the Ile de Groix is contemporaneous with the acid, pre-orogenic magmatism widely recognised in the internal zones of the Variscan belt, related to the Cambro-Ordovician continental rifting. The magmatic protolith probably inherited a specific chemical composition from a combination of orogenic, back-arc and anorogenic signatures because of partial melting of the Cadomian basement during magma emplacement. Besides, the late Devonian U-Pb age of 366 +/- A 33 Ma obtained for titanite from a blueschist facies metapelite corresponds to the age of the HP-LT peak metamorphism.

Role of the circadian clock gene Per2 in adaptation to cold temperature.

Adaptive thermogenesis allows mammals to resist to cold. For instance, in brown adipose tissue (BAT) the facultative uncoupling of the proton gradient from ATP synthesis in mitochondria is used to generate systemic heat. However, this system necessitates an increase of the Uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) and its activation by free fatty acids. Here we show that mice without functional Period2 (Per2) were cold sensitive because their adaptive thermogenesis system was less efficient. Upon cold-exposure, Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) induced Per2 in the BAT. Subsequently, PER2 as a co-activator of PPARα increased expression of Ucp1. PER2 also increased Fatty acid binding protein 3 (Fabp3), a protein important to transport free fatty acids from the plasma to mitochondria to activate UCP1. Hence, in BAT PER2 is important for the coordination of the molecular response of mice exposed to cold by synchronizing UCP1 expression and its activation.

Prevalence of vascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus compared with type-1 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study of two cohorts.

OBJECTIVES: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with considerable cardiovascular morbidity that has not yet been directly compared with other diseases with known cardiovascular risk. METHODS: Two hundred and forty-one patients of the multicentre Swiss SLE cohort study (SSCS) were cross-sectionally assessed for coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD). SLE patients were compared with a cohort of 193 patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus being followed at the University Hospital Basel. A subgroup analysis of 50 age- and sex-matched patients from the University Hospital Basel was performed. RESULTS: Of patients within the SSCS 13.3% had one or more vascular events: 8.3% CHD, 5% CVD and 1.2% PAD. In type-1 diabetes mellitus patients, 15% had vascular events: 9.3% CHD, 3.1% CVD and 5.6% PAD. In the matched subgroup, 26% of SLE patients had vascular events (14% CHD) compared with 12% in type-1 DM patients (2% CHD). Cardiovascular risk factors were similar in both groups. Vascular events in SLE patients were associated with age, longer disease duration, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular morbidity in SLE is at least as frequent as in age- and sex-matched type-1 diabetes mellitus patients. Therefore, aggressive screening and management of cardiovascular risk factors should be performed.

Veus ignorades: representacions socials, subjectivitat i resiliència en persones grans amb pèrdua d’autonomia funcional

Els processos per a l’aprovació i la implementació de la Llei per a l’Autonomia personal i l’Atenció a les Persones en situació de Dependència (LAPAD) han donat lloc a un intens debat polític i social que, coincidint també amb les millores en la provisió de serveis i els avenços mèdics, ha contribuït a un procés de classificació i d’etiquetatge basats en els dèficits de les persones que es troben en aquestes circumstàncies. Aquesta visió anul·la el subjecte i la seva experiència singular i condiciona l’abordatge dels models d’atenció i de cura. L’estudi pretén fer una aproximació a les persones grans amb pèrdua d’autonomia funcional, fent emergir les seves veus, que expressen com perceben, interpreten, afronten i es reajusten a la nova situació. Partint d’un enfocament constructivista, basat en la subjectivitat, es fa un recorregut sobre els models de la discapacitat que han reeixit en l’activitat científica dels darrers anys, els mecanismes de regulació de les pèrdues que defensen les teories del cicle vital i les aportacions que s’han fet sobre el model de la resiliència aplicat a les persones que envelleixen. El resultats de l’estudi mostren com les representacions i els significats que les persones grans atribueixen a la seva experiència s’inscriuen en les seves trajectòries vitals, donant un sentit únic i singular a la forma de viure i de respondre a la pèrdua d’autonomia funcional i les seves conseqüències. Aquelles que expressen una vivència d’integritat respecte de la vida viscuda, amb predomini d’afectes positius envers un mateix i els altres, que conserven l’esperança i el desig de continuar vivint, s’ajusten a les pèrdues de manera més satisfactòria que aquelles que expressen desconfiança i una certa amargor respecte de la pròpia vida. D’això se’n deriva que els espais d’escolta i d’acompanyament poden ser un recurs vàlid i necessari en el qual, a través de la paraula i el testimoni narrat, el subjecte pugui repensar i resignificar les seves experiències.

Numerical simulation of ambient seismic wavefield modification caused by pore-fluid effects in an oil reservoir

We have modeled numerically the seismic response of a poroelastic inclusion with properties applicable to an oil reservoir that interacts with an ambient wavefield. The model includes wave-induced fluid flow caused by pressure differences between mesoscopic-scale (i.e., in the order of centimeters to meters) heterogeneities. We used a viscoelastic approximation on the macroscopic scale to implement the attenuation and dispersion resulting from this mesoscopic-scale theory in numerical simulations of wave propagation on the kilometer scale. This upscaling method includes finite-element modeling of wave-induced fluid flow to determine effective seismic properties of the poroelastic media, such as attenuation of P- and S-waves. The fitted, equivalent, viscoelastic behavior is implemented in finite-difference wave propagation simulations. With this two-stage process, we model numerically the quasi-poroelastic wave-propagation on the kilometer scale and study the impact of fluid properties and fluid saturation on the modeled seismic amplitudes. In particular, we addressed the question of whether poroelastic effects within an oil reservoir may be a plausible explanation for low-frequency ambient wavefield modifications observed at oil fields in recent years. Our results indicate that ambient wavefield modification is expected to occur for oil reservoirs exhibiting high attenuation. Whether or not such modifications can be detected in surface recordings, however, will depend on acquisition design and noise mitigation processing as well as site-specific conditions, such as the geologic complexity of the subsurface, the nature of the ambient wavefield, and the amount of surface noise.