广西云南鳅属鱼类一新种——靖西云南鳅

2008年5月,在广西壮族自治区靖两县禄洞村珠江水系采集到一批条鳅标本.经鉴定,为云南鳅属(Yunnanilus)-新种.新种靖西云南鳅(Yunnanilus jinxiensis)属于侧纹云南鳅种组(Yunnanilus pleurotaenis group).但新种全身除胸腹部外被有鳞片;侧线较长,具有15-20个侧线管孔;背鳍分枝鳍条8;胸鳍分枝鳍条13-14;鳔两室,后室发达;尾鳍凹形;体长为体高的3.9-_4.6倍,为头长的4.1-4.4倍,为尾柄高的7.5-9.0倍;头长为眼径的5.5-6.7倍,为眼间距的2.2-2.4倍等特征,可将新种与该种组内的其他种类相区分.

The biology, ecology, distribution and conservation of some surviving native non-cichlid fish species of Lakes Victoria, Kyoga and Nabugabo

Prior to introduction of non-native fish species into Lakes Victor i a, Kyoga and Nabugabo, the three lakes suppor ted diverse fish fauna representing 13 families consisting of six cichlid genera and fifteen non-cichlid genera. There were about 50 non-cichlid species and over 300 cichlids consisting of mainly haplochromines (Graham 1929, worthington 1929, Greenwood 1960). Many of the species were commercially and scientifically important and provided a rich variety of protein source to choose from. Following introduction of the Nile perch and several tilapiines species, most of the native species were drastically reduced and some have apparently disappeared. The few remaining species appear to be restricted in distribution due to the presence of the Nile perch. They are mainly confined to refugia such as marginal macrophytes, rocky outcrops and small satellite lakes which are separated from the areas of introduction by swamps

National report of the frame survey 2012 on the Uganda side of Lake Victoria

This is a report on the results of the Frame Survey conducted in the Uganda side of Lake Victoria during August 2012 by the LVFO Institutions, namely: the Department of Fisheries Resources (DFR) Uganda and the National Fisheries Resources Research Institute (NaFIRRI) in close collaboration with the District Fisheries offices of Busia, Bugiri, Namayingo, Mayuge, Jinja, Buvuma, Buikwe, Mukono, Kampala, Wakiso, Mpigi, Kalungu, Masaka, Kalangala and Rakai. In the 2012 Frame survey some indicators of fishing effort including e.g. number of fishers, fishing crafts and long line hooks increased; whereas others like the number of gillnets less than 5 inches decreased by 10.4% from that recorded in 2010. The other indicators of fishing effort, which showed decrease in 2012 included illegal beach seines and undersized gillnets (<5 inch mesh size). However, a large proportion (66%) of long line hooks recorded in the 2012 survey were in the smallest size range (hook size >10), which target small Nile perch. The number of other illegal gears, i.e. cast nets and monofilament gillnets showed modest increases (25%) between 2010 and 2012 while beach seines decrease by 15%. Recent crackdown on illegal fishing activities as part of measures for recovery of the Nile perch stocks which are faced with depletion appear to have had an impact but much more needs to be done to eradicate illegal fishing. The fisheries in the Ugandan waters have remained predominantly near shore with 61% of all fishing crafts using paddles out of which 17% were tiny three plank, flat bottomed boats locally known as parachutes. The 2012 survey shows an increase in the number of fishing crafts using sails by 65% from 682 in 2010 to 1125 in 2012. This is an encouraging trend as more fishers are able to access distant fishing grounds using free wind power. The Mukene fishery in the Ugandan waters of Lake Victoria remained underdeveloped comprising only 15.2% of all fishing crafts, of which 31% were motorised which is a great improvement from the situation recorded in 2010. The Catamarans increased to 18 with a majority in Buikwe district where there is a private investor fishing specifically for Mukene. The Catamarans in Kalangala were reported not to be working because of the high operating cost compared to ordinary Mukene fishing boats.

转基因鱼试验湖浮游生物群落DNA指纹与理化因子的关系

对转基因鱼试验湖7个采样点的浮游生物群落进行了PCR-DGGE指纹分析,并进而探讨了DNA指纹与理化因子的关系。结果表明:(1)PCR-DGGE指纹图谱中共含104谱带,其中原核谱带58条,真核谱带46条,其多态性位点分别为87.9%和82.6%。(2)各站点的理化因子中,Ⅰ站的TP含量最高(0.10mg/L),TN含量在Ⅲ站最高(0.34mg/L),且各站点波动较大,Ⅴ站的透明度最低(63.00cm);NO3-N、NH4-N、pH、DO、COD及电导率在各站点变化不大。基于原核生物图谱的相似性聚类分析表

铬离子对藻类生长的影响

利用自然光照条件,在不同铬离子质量浓度下,对5种藻类的生长进行了实验研究。研究结果表明:5种藻类在不同的光波长下,其吸收光谱存在两个最强的吸收区:420～440nm的蓝紫光部分和660nm的红光部分;在不同铬离子质量浓度0～20.63mg·L-1范围内,5种藻类生长受到不同程度的抑制,其耐受性也尽不相同,经过分析和比较后得出5种藻类对铬的耐受性大小顺序为:微囊藻(Microcystis)>水华鱼腥藻(Anabaena flos-aquae)>细长聚球藻(Synechococcus elongatus)>斜

牛山湖浮游生物群落DNA指纹结构与理化因子的关系

对牛山湖5个站点的浮游生物群落DNA多态性进行了RAPD指纹和PCR-DGGE指纹分析,并探讨了其与理化因子的关系.结果如下:1)从40条随机引物中筛选出9条引物,共获得93条谱带,多态率为58%;各站点所得谱带平均为67条,其中Ⅰ站最少,为61条,Ⅴ站最多,为74条;2)PCR-DGGE指纹图谱共含102条谱带,其中原核生物56条,真核生物46条,谱带总数以Ⅲ站、Ⅳ站和Ⅴ站较多,Ⅰ站和Ⅱ站较少;3)Ⅱ站的总磷、叶绿素、化学耗氧量、硬度及电导率最高;各站点间溶氧和pH差异较小.相似性聚类分析表明,浮游生物

实验室条件下沙埋对人工藻结皮生物量、光合活性和胞外多糖的影响

土壤蓝藻结皮在干旱和半干旱地区广泛分布.沙埋是生长在流动沙丘表面的植物面临的重要的环境因子.实验研究了温室条件下干燥沙子不同掩埋时间(0,5,10,15,20,30天)和深度(0,0.2,0.5,1,2cm)对人工藻结皮生物量、叶绿素荧光活性和胞外多糖的影响.结果表明:大体上随着沙埋时间的延长和深度的增加人工藻结皮的F_v/F_m值和胞外多糖含量逐渐降低,但是在20天和30天沙埋处理之间,两者在不同沙埋深度均不存在显著性差异;生物量的降低出现在沙埋处理20天和30天,在不同的沙埋深度这2种处理时间之间差异

鳜IL-1β基因的克隆及原核表达

用RACE PCR获得了鳜白介素-1β(IL-1β)的全长cDNA.鳜IL-1β的cDNA全长为1298 nt(核苷酸),其5′非编码区包含UTR 93 nt;3′非编码区包含452 nt;其开放阅读框内包含753 nt,翻译成251个氨基酸.将鳜IL-1β克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a上,在大肠杆菌Rosetta- gami(DE3)内以包涵体形式得以高效表达.

长吻和异育银鲫对玉米淀粉利用差异的比较研究

在同一实验条件下,通过8周生长实验比较研究了不同玉米淀粉含量的饲料对长吻和异育银鲫生长、饲料利用和鱼体组成的影响,以探讨肉食性和杂食性鱼类对玉米淀粉利用的差异。长吻的实验饲料是5种等氮等脂、玉米淀粉含量分别为0、5%、10%、15%和20%的半精制饲料。异育银鲫的实验饲料是5种等氮等脂、玉米淀粉含量分别为6%、12%、18%、24%和30%的半精制饲料。每天饱食投喂鱼两次。实验结果表明:对于长吻,玉米淀粉含量为5%和10%饲料组的特定生长率显著高于另外3组(Duncan s多重比较,P<0.05)。

武汉东湖沉积物中轮虫休眠卵的分布

报道了1992年8月～1993年7月间武汉东湖营养类型不同的3个湖区沉积物中轮虫休眠卵的数量和分布。不论湖区营养类型如何,沉积物中的休眠卵数量均呈“V”形垂直分布,表层高,底层低,由表向底数量逐渐递减。在3个湖区中,休眠卵的数量随水体营养水平的增高而增加。营养水平最高的1站其休眠卵数量年平均为1.32个/cm~3,营养水平较低的Ⅰ、Ⅱ站分别为0.74个/cm~3、0.71个/cm~3。休眠卵的数量在不同月份中有明显差别,4月、9月、1月数量较多,分别为1.35±0.58个/cm~3、1.20±0.64个/

武汉东湖短尾秀体溞的种群变动和生产量

测定浮游动物的生产量是水生态系统结构、功能和生物生产力研究中的一个重要环节,通过生产量的测算可客观地评价不同种群对系统作用的大小。短尾秀体溞在我国广为分布,但其生产量在我国尚未见报道,为此笔者测定研究了东湖麦秋季的优势枝角类——短尾秀体溞(Diaphanosoma brachyurum)的种群变化和生产量。在1983—1985年间,这种秀体搔在Ⅰ站的平均种群密度依次为7.67±12.39,11.15±20.58和10.14±11.19个/升;Ⅱ站则分别为7.36±11.07,7.37±16.16和9.69

草鱼尾鳍组织二倍体细胞系GCCF-2的建立及其部分生物学特性的分析

<正> 我们从1983年9月至1985年1月,将草鱼尾鳍组织细胞在体外培养17个月,传代100次,确立为建立的细胞系(established cell lioe),命名为GCCF-2。1.细胞系的建立无菌获取草鱼尾鳍组织,采用组织块培养法置TC-199培养液中进行初代培养。20代之前培养液中小牛血清含量为20%;20代之后,小牛血清含量降为15%。培养温度为28—30℃。1∶4传代培养,4—5天传代一次。2.细胞形态由于在初代培养及以后的传代培养过程中未加任何选择,GCCF-2为上皮样细胞和成纤维样细胞的