Topics in the Routine Assessment of Newborn Puppy Viability

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Acidification profile, probiotic in vitro gastrointestinal tolerance and viability in fermented milk with fruit flours

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Multivacuum states in a fermionic gap equation with massive gluons and confinement

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Hormesis method for increasing oat straw with a view to viability of direct-seeding systems

In conservation agriculture, mainly under direct seeding, maintaining the vegetation ground cover is essential, since this serves as a reservoir of nutrients which are slowly released to plants by microorganisms. Some authors have sought to study increases in the amount of straw in the soil, in addition to slowing down the process of decomposition, with hormesis being one of the techniques used. This technique states that all chemical substances are both poisonous and nonpoisonous, with only the dosage determining whether they are lethal or not. This study aimed to evaluate the dry weight and agronomic characteristics of a crop of black oat subjected to hormesis. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, with 12 treatments and 4 replications, giving a total of 48 experimental lots. The treatments were: Haloxyfop-R Methyl Ester at dosages of 0.625, 1.25 and 2.50 g ha(-1); Glyphosate at dosages of 12.50, 25.00 and 50.00 g ha-1; 2,4-D dimethylamine salt at dosages of 100.00, 200.00 and 300.00 g ha(-1); Alterbane at a dosage of 500.00 g ha(-1); Salicylic acid at a dose of 100 g ha(-1); and a control. It was concluded that for the subdosages under test, the herbicides 2,4-D at medium dosage and Verdict at low dosage were shown to be the best treatments for conserving straw as ground cover under direct seeding.

Wide localized solutions of the parity-time-symmetric nonautonomous nonlinear Schrodinger equation

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

About the minimum time transference in a fractional differential equation

The use of fractional calculus when modeling phenomena allows new queries concerning the deepest parts of the physical laws involved in. Here we will be dealing with an apparent paradox in which the time of transference from zero in a system with fractional derivatives can be strictly shortened relatively to the minimal time transference done in an equivalent system in the frame of the entire derivatives.

Shallow viscous fluid heated from below and the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation

The non-linear evolution of nearly one-dimensional undamped waves in a viscous fluid adequately heated from below is shown to be governed by the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation. Its solitary-wave solution is explicitly shown. © 1990.

General method for reducing the two-body Dirac equation

A semirelativistic two-body Dirac equation with an enlarged set of phenomenological potentials, including Breit-type terms, is investigated for the general case of unequal masses. Solutions corresponding to definite total angular momentum and parity are shown to fall into two classes, each one being obtained by solving a system of four coupled first-order radial differential equations. The reduction of each of these systems to a pair of coupled Schrödinger-type equations is also discussed. © 1992 American Institute of Physics.

Predicting embryo presence and viability

Pregnancy establishment, followed by birth of live offspring, is essential to all mammals. The biological processes leading up to pregnancy establishment, maintenance, and birth are complex and dependent on the coordinated timing of a series of events at the molecular, cellular, and physiological level. The ability to ovulate a competent oocyte, which is capable of undergoing fertilization, is only the initial step in achieving a successful pregnancy. Once fertilization has occurred and early embryonic development is initiated, early pregnancy detection is critical to provide proper prenatal care (humans) or appropriate management (domestic livestock). However, the simple presence of an embryo, early in gestation, does not guarantee the birth of a live offspring. Pregnancy loss (embryonic mortality, spontaneous abortions, etc.) has been well documented in all mammals, especially in humans and domestic livestock species, and is a major cause of reproductive loss. It has been estimated that only about 25-30 % of all fertilized oocytes in humans result in birth of a live offspring; however, identifying the embryos that will not survive to parturition has not been an easy task. Therefore, investigators have focused the identification of products in maternal circulation that permit the detection of an embryo and assessment of its well-being. This review will focus on the advances in predicting embryonic presence and viability, in vivo.

Impact of inulin and okara on Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 viability in a fermented soy product and probiotic survival under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions

The effect of inulin and/or okara flour on Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 viability in a fermented soy product (FSP) and on probiotic survival under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions were investigated throughout 28 days of storage at 4 °C. Employing a 22 design, four FSP trials were produced from soymilk fermented with ABT-4 culture (La-5, Bb-12, and Streptococcus thermophilus): FSP (control); FSP-I (with inulin, 3 g/100 mL of soymilk); FSP-O (with okara, 5 g/100 mL); FSP-IO (with inulin + okara, ratio 3:5 g/100 mL). Probiotic viabilities ranged from 8 to 9 log cfu/g during the 28 days of storage, and inulin and/or okara flour did not affect the viability of La-5 and Bb-12. Bb-12 resistance to the artificial gastrointestinal juices was higher than for La-5, since the Bb-12 and La-5 populations decreased approximately 0.6 log cfu/g and 3.8 log cfu/g, respectively, throughout storage period. Even though the protective effect of inulin and/or okara flour on probiotic microorganisms was not significant, when compared to a fresh culture, the FSP matrix improved Bb-12 survival on day 1 of storage and may be considered a good vehicle for Bb-12 and could play an important role in probiotic protection against gastrointestinal juices. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

The Fresh Frozen Bone Allograft (FFBA) to reconstruc the atrophic maxilla: evaluation of the clinical and histological viability at six and nine months in the maxillary sinus

This work aimed to analyze clinically and histologically the allogen bone graft behavior at 6 and 9 months. A leukoderm, female, 55 years old patient sought dental care for oral rehabilitation with dental implants and implant supported fixed prosthesis in the maxilla. Bilateral sinus lifting procedure were performed in a same patient, the analysis were made after 6 and 9 months, respectively. At 6 months, there was lack of a better bone remodeling in the region, associated to the presence of fibrous connective tissue within the collected tissue, showing us that this is not the best stage of tissue maturation to place dental implants. The 9 months period showed an improvement, with a more organized bone tissue surrounding particles of homogenous bone, what possibly had increased implant stability at the time of surgery. There is no doubt about the increase of clinical applications of FFBA, but there are no studies available regarding the standardization of time to load implants inserted in allografts. So papers with long-term monitoring are necessary to eliminate questions that still remain to be answered.

A study on the viability of minimum quantity lubrication with water in grinding of ceramics using a hybrid-bonded diamond wheel

With the currently strict environmental law in present days, researchers and industries are seeking to reduce the amount of cutting fluid used in machining. Minimum quantity lubrication is a potential alternative to reduce environmental impacts and overall process costs. This technique can substantially reduce cutting fluids in grinding, as well as provide better performance in relation to conventional cutting fluid application (abundant fluid flow). The present work aims to test the viability of minimum quantity lubrication (with and without water) in grinding of advanced ceramics, when compared to conventional method (abundant fluid flow). Measured output variables were grinding power, surface roughness, roundness errors and wheel wear, as well as scanning electron micrographs. The results show that minimum quantity lubrication with water (1:1) was superior to conventional lubrication-cooling in terms of surface quality, also reducing wheel wear, when compared to the other methods tested.

Avaliação energética do ciclo de refrigeração por absorção utilizando biogás de aterros sanitários e gás natural

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

The Viability of B. tuberculosis (Bovinus) on Pasture Land, In Stored Faeces and In Liquid Manure

The object of these experiments was to determine the length of time during which B. tuberculosis in cow's faeces remain alive and virulent on pasture land in the south of England. The method of testing for living B. tuberculosis is given in Appendix II.

Demography and population viability of polar bears in the Gulf of Boothia, Nunavut

We estimated demographic parameters and harvest risks for polar bears (Ursus maritimus) inhabiting the Gulf of Boothia, Nunavut, from 1976 to 2000. We computed survival and abundance from capture–recapture and recovery data (630 marks) using a Burnham joint live–dead model implemented in program MARK. Annual mean total survival (including harvest) was 0.889 ± 0.179 ( x ± 1 SE) for cubs, 0.883 ± 0.087 for subadults (ages 1–4), 0.919 ± 0.044 for adult females, and 0.917 ± 0.041 for adult males. Abundance in the last 3 yr of study was 1,592 ± 361 bears. Mean size of newborn litters was 1.648 ± 0.098 cubs. By age 7, 0.97 ± 0.30 of available females were producing litters. Harvest averaged 38.4 ± 4.2 bears/year in the last 5 yr of study; however, the 2002–2007 kill averaged 56.4 bears/yr. We used a harvested Population Viability Analysis (PVA) to examine impacts of increasing rates of harvest. We estimated the current population growth rate, λH, to be 1.025 ± 0.032. Although this suggests the population is growing, progressive environmental changes may require more frequent population inventory studies to maintain the same levels of harvest risk.