Cálculo do volume na equação de van der Waals pelo método de cardano

Analytical solutions of a cubic equation with real coefficients are established using the Cardano method. The method is first applied to simple third order equation. Calculation of volume in the van der Waals equation of state is afterwards established. These results are exemplified to calculate the volumes below and above critical temperatures. Analytical and numerical values for the compressibility factor are presented as a function of the pressure. As a final example, coexistence volumes in the liquid-vapor equilibrium are calculated. The Cardano approach is very simple to apply, requiring only elementary operations, indicating an attractive method to be used in teaching elementary thermodynamics.

SAPT: ligação de hidrogênio ou interação de van der Waals?

It is through the application of an electronic partition approach called Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT) that the nature of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions can be unveiled according to the contribution of electrostatic, charge transfer, exchange repulsion, polarization, and dispersion terms. Among these, electrostatic partition governs the formation of the hydrogen bonds, whose energies are arguably high. However, the weakness of the interaction strength is caused by dispersion forces, whose contribution decisively lead to the stabilization of complexes formed via van der Waals interactions.

Katechismus, eli se : christillinen oppi meiden uskom päe kappalegista nuorel ja yxikertaisel kansal sangen tarpellinen.

Stolbovan rauhassa Ruotsiin liitettyjen itäisten alueiden väestö oli ortodoksista, ja sen saattaminen luterilaisen kirkon piiriin edellytti muun muassa uudenlaista, luterilaiseen katekismukseen perustuvaa kansanopetusta. Viipurin hiippakunnan piispaksi vuonna 1642 nimitetty Petrus Bjugg laati suomensukuisia ortodoksikarjalaisia varten uuden suomenkielisen, mutta kyrillisin kirjaimin painetun katekismuksen. Katekismus oli painettu vuonna 1644 alankomaalaissyntyisen Pieter van Selowin kirjapainossa. Selow oli tullut Tukholmaan kirjakkeiden valajana ja perustanut sinne kirjapainon, jonka kirjakevalikoimassa oli myös kyrillinen kirjaimisto. Katekismus opettaa nuorisolle Jumalan kymmenen käskyä ja uskon kappaleet: '... Kuinga nuore kanssa pite opetettaman ittseäns siunamaan aamulla ja ehtoina, kuinga nuore kansa pita opetetaman lukeman rualle ja ruvalda, monikagat jalot opetuxet pygestä Ramatusta kaikein sätyjen ja virkain menost, jooilla ittsekukin gänen ammatissans opetetaan, mitä gänen tekemän ja iättämän pitä...'.

Peter Piper

Ei vapaa, vapautuu 2027. Kosti Vehanen (1887-1957).

Sismogramas do choque: considerações sobre o choque em "Teoria da vanguarda", de Peter Bürger, e em "Filosofia da nova música", de Theodor W. Adorno

Em "Teoria da vanguarda", de Peter Bürger, o choque é compreendido como o artifício intencional dos movimentos de vanguarda contra a autonomia do esteticismo modernista, a fim de devolver a arte à práxis vital. Adotando uma perspectiva distinta, o choque, para Adorno, expõe antes a crise da experiência da formalização do tempo decorrente da incongruência entre as forças produtivas e as relações de produção na sociedade industrial, sendo que dois caminhos artísticos distintos derivam da inflexão histórica da crise da experiência. Em Schoenberg, na esteira do que Bürger classificaria como esteticismo, o choque seria amortizado pela expansão da linguagem musical, mediante seu registro. Em Stravinsky, o procedimento mecânico de golpes rítmicos e de montagem, em consonância com a profusão de vivências do choque, surge como elemento regressivo. Os choques não seriam dispositivos críticos, mas sismogramas de reações às mudanças da consciência subjetiva do tempo na modernidade. O artigo procura enfatizar as premissas conflitantes entre Bürger e Adorno quanto à posição do conceito de choque, assim como as críticas de Bürger ao modernismo adorniano.

Models, truth and realism: assessing Bas van Fraassen's views on scientific representation

This paper is devoted to an analysis of some aspects of Bas van Fraassen's views on representation. While I agree with most of his claims, I disagree on the following three issues. Firstly, I contend that some isomorphism (or at least homomorphism) between the representor and what is represented is a universal necessary condition for the success of any representation, even in the case of misrepresentation. Secondly, I argue that the so-called "semantic" or "model-theoretic" construal of theories does not give proper due to the role played by true propositions in successful representing practices. Thirdly, I attempt to show that the force of van Fraassen's pragmatic - and antirealist - "dissolution" of the "loss of reality objection" loses its bite when we realize that our cognitive contact with real phenomena is achieved not by representing but by expressing true propositions about them.

Reizen door Zweeden en Finland, tot aan de uiterste grenzen van Lapland, in de jaaren 1798 en 1799 : door Joseph Acerbi. Uit het engelsch. ... Eerste deel[-vierde en laatste deel].

Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, Mikkeli

Reizen door Zweeden en Finland, tot aan de uiterste grenzen van Lapland, in de jaaren 1798 en 1799 : door Joseph Acerbi. Uit het engelsch. ... Eerste deel[-vierde en laatste deel].

Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, Mikkeli

Waarachtige en aen-merkens-waardige historie van Lapland: ofte een Beschrijving van desselfs oorspronk, landschappen, geberchten, gewassen, gedierten, metalen, steenen, wateren, en voornaemste geschiedenissen. Benessens der inwoonderen zeden, regeering, godtsdiensten, oorlogen, drachten, koophandel, gebouwen, van tenten, schepen, sleden, &c. Als ook van hare tover-trommelen, en wind-koopery. Met noch een kort bericht van den toestand der Finnen. Nieuwelijks uit het frans van den Heer Scheffer vertaalt. Met kurieuse kopere Plaaten

Added engraved title page: Waragtige en aanmerkenswaardige historie van Lapland en Finland.

Reizen door Zweeden en Finland, tot aan de uiterste grenzen van Lapland, in de jaaren 1798 en 1799 : door Joseph Acerbi. Uit het engelsch. ... Eerste deel[-vierde en laatste deel].

Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, Mikkeli

Finland en de Finnen : naar het hoogduitsche van F. Rühs ... In twee deelen. Eerste deel[-tweede deel].

Some handwritten text in both volumes.

Finland en de Finnen : naar het hoogduitsche van F. Rühs ... In twee deelen. Eerste deel[-tweede deel].

Some handwritten text in both volumes.

Reizen door Zweeden en Finland, tot aan de uiterste grenzen van Lapland, in de jaaren 1798 en 1799 : door Joseph Acerbi. Uit het engelsch. ... Eerste deel[-vierde en laatste deel].

Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, Mikkeli

Nauwkeurige Beschryvinge van Groenland, of Spitsbergen

A. E. Nordenskiöldin kokoelmaan kuuluva kuvitettu matkakertomus.