Métodos de avaliação da eficácia dos tratamentos para a dor

Pain is a subjective condition and, thus, difficult to measure. The best tools to assess pain are the pain evaluation questionnaires, which provide either diagnostic, pain evolution or pain intensity information. To provide information which could help differentiate between nociceptive pain and neuropathic pain is one of the most important functions of these questionnaires. The questionnaires can measure pain intensity, quality of life, or sleep quality. Quality of life and sleep are two really important characteristics to assess the pain impact on patients' life. Pain intensity assessing questionnaires combine physical evaluations with questions, providing information either from the patient sensations or clinical assessment of pain manifestations as well as the underlying biological mechanisms (such as hyperalgesia or allodynia). For example, the Pain Detect questionnaire has two parts: the patient form (intuitive, with pictures and easy understandable) and the physician form. Thus, in this questionnaire, subjective information is provided by the patient and the objective one is provided by the physician. Other pain intensity questionnaires are NPSI, DN4, LANSS or StEP. Quality of life questionnaires are versatile (can be used in different pathologies). These questionnaires include functional self-evaluation questions, and other ones associated to physical and mental health. Two of such quality of life questionnaires are SF-36 and NHP. Sleep evaluation questionnaires include quantitative features such as the number of sleep interruptions, sleep latency or sleep duration as well as qualitative characteristics such as rest sensation, mood and dreams. One of the most used sleep evaluation questionnaires is PSQI, which includes patient questions and bed-partner questions, providing information from two points of view.

Características clínicas e laboratoriais de gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia versus hipertensão gestacional

Purpose: To compare clinical and laboratory characteristics, obstetric and perinatal outcomes of patients with pre-eclampsia versus gestational hypertension. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out to analyze medical records of patients diagnosed with pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension whose pregnancies were resolved within a period of 5 years, for a total of 419 cases. We collected clinical and laboratory data, obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Comparisons between groups were performed using the test suitable for the variable analyzed: unpaired t test, Mann-Whitney U test or χ2test, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. Results: Were evaluated 199 patients in the gestational hypertension group (GH) and 220 patients in the pre-eclampsia group (PE). Mean body mass index was 34.6 kg/m2 in the GH group and 32.7 kg/m2 in the PE group, with a significant difference between groups. The PE group showed higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure and higher rates of abnormal values in the laboratory tests, although the mean values were within the normal range. Cesarean section was performed in 59.1% of cases of PE and in 47.5% of the GH group; and perinatal outcomes in terms of gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in the PE group. Conclusion: Women with gestational hypertension exhibit epidemiological characteristics of patients at risk for chronic diseases. Patients with pre-eclampsia present clinical and laboratory parameters of greater severity, higher rates of cesarean delivery and worse maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Prevalência de hipertensão arterial em adolescentes escolares em Ibitinga: importância do histórico familiar

Hypertension (H) affects approximately 1,2 billion of people in the world. Among the main risk factors are weight excess, sedentary lifestyle, socio economic condition and family history of H. The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension in teenager scholars in Ibitinga, finding the role of family history of H and to correlates these results with nutritional condition, anthropometric variables and socio economic condition. This research analyzed 150 participants (50 teenager students and their parents) in public and private schools. All the volunteers had their weight (kg) and height (m) measured to calculate the body mass index (BMI). The students were classifieds from table of percentile of obesity (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC). The blood pressure (BP) was evaluated according to V Arterial Hypertension Brazilian Guidelines (VAHBG, 2006). The high values considered of BP were: ≥140x90 mmHg for adults and percentile >95 for teenagers. The socio economic condition was categorized from IBGE. Among the students, 36% had high BP and 20% borderline. The percentage of high BP were bigger in the public (44%) than private schools (28%), showing a negative correlation between socio economic condition and systolic BP (SBP, r=0.2857) and diastolic BP (DBP, r=0,0165). The prevalence of elevated BP was higher in the girls of public schools (47% vs 40% boys) and in the boys at the private schools (33% v s23%). Weight excess was present in 42% of children (12% obesity and 30% overweight). Again, public schools had prevalence of obesity (52% vs 3% in the private) which was not correlated with socio economic condition. Percentage of overweight and obesity were bigger in the girls of both public (54% vs 50% boys) and private (38% vs 25%) schools. Among the students with H, 67% were overweight. Elevated BP was found in 54% of the fathers and 32% of the mothers. With respect to nutritional condition, 56% of the...

Efeito de diferentes frações inspiradas de oxigênio sobre a ação anti-hipertensiva pulmonar do sildenafil

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Animal - FMVZ

Efeitos da adrenomodulina no tratamento da hipertensão pulmonar induzida por microesferas em ovinos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Hipertensão e diabetes mellitus: perfil assistencial e de usuários em uma unidade de saúde do interior paulista

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Resistência de união entre um cimento resinoso e uma cerâmica aluminizada submetida a diferentes tratamentos de superfície

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT

Estudo comparativo entre cinco diferentes tratamentos sobre as alterações clínicas e laboratoriais do rato diabético induzido pela aloxana

OBJETIVOS: Este estudo visa a analisar os efeitos, a longo prazo, de cinco diferentes tratamentos sobre o controle metabólico de ratos diabéticos aloxânicos. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 7 grupos experimentais, com 50 ratos cada um, sendo: GN o grupo controle normal; GD o grupo controle diabético, sem tratamento; GI, GA e GIA os grupos tratados, respectivamente, com insulina, acarbose e associação insulina + acarbose; GTIL o grupo tratado com transplante de ilhotas de Langerhans; e o GTPD o grupo tratado com transplante pancreatoduodenal heterotópico. Parâmetros clínicos (peso, ingestão hídrica, ingestão alimentar e diurese) e laboratoriais (glicemia, glicose urinária e insulina plasmática) foram avaliados em todos os animais, no início do experimento, e após 1, 3, 6, 9 e 12 meses de seguimento. RESULTADOS: À exceção do GN, mortalidade foi observada em todos os grupos experimentais no seguimento de 12 meses (GD= 50%; GI= 20%; GA= 26%; GIA= 18%; GTIL= 4%; GTPD= 20%). em GD, GI, GA e GIA os óbitos ocorreram por distúrbios metabólicos ou hidroeletrolíticos e/ou pneumonia, diarréia e caquexia; em GTIL e GTPD todos os óbitos ocorreram por falhas técnicas no pós-operatório até 72h. Animais dos grupos GI, GA e GIA tiveram melhora significativa (p < 0,05) de todos os parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais observados em ratos diabéticos, sem diferença de efetividade entre os tratamentos. Porém, os resultados observados nestes grupos, biologicamente não foram comparáveis aos observados em GTIL e GTPD, onde observou-se correção completa, aos níveis normais, de todas as variáveis analisadas (p<0,01). CONCLUSÕES: Os tratamentos convencionais com insulina, acarbose e insulina + acarbose melhoraram o estado diabético grave dos ratos tratados, contudo, a eficácia dos tratamentos foi significativamente inferior à oferecida pelo GTIL e GTPD.

Doença periodontal, diabete mellitus e hipertensão em gestantes usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)

Purpose: To evaluate the association among periodontal disease, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in pregnant women users of the Brazilian Health System (SUS). Methods: The sample consisted of 86 women, with pregnant age between the 4th and 7 th month, submitted to pre-natal attendance in Health Basic Unities (HBUs). Periodontal condition was evaluated by 2 calibrated researchers (Kappa = 0.91) through the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). A sphygmomanometer was used to check the arterial pressure, what was accomplished by the professionals from the HBUs; glycemia test was accomplished through a blood sample collected from the middle finger with a disposable lancet adapted to a lance device (Accu-Chek Softclix Pro; Roche, USA), and for checking the glycemia level, a glycemia monitor was used (Accu-Chek Advantage II, Roche, USA). Data were written on a numbered register form, avoiding patient identification. After, the same data were statistically analyzed through the Fisher Exact Test, in order to evaluate the existence of association between the variables blood glucose and periodontal disease. In this test, a significance level of 0,05 was adopted. Results – Most of the pregnant woman presented periodontal health (58,1%); 41,9% of the research subjects showed at least one sign of periodontal disease, with 31,4% presenting gingivitis and 10,5% periodontitis. Hyperglycemia was detected in 51,2% and it was not found a value of arterial pressure higher than what is considered to be normal. Conclusion: it was not verified a significant association among the presence of periodontal disease, glycemia alteration and arterial hypertension in pregnant women who comprised this research.

Condições de saúde de pacientes do gênero feminino com dependência química

This study evaluated the general and oral health conditions of female patients included in a program for recovering drug addiction and patients who did not use drugs. By means of anamnesis and medical history, as well as medical and dental assessments, the health conditions of 160 patients were assessed; 80 presented drug dependence and 80 do not use drugs. The most frequently used drugs were tobacco, alcohol, and crack, usually in associations. The patients presenting chemical dependence had increased frequency of behavioral changes, as well as several diseases involving the immune and cardiovascular systems, detaching infectious and inflammatory reactions and delay in the process of tissue repair. In the oral cavity, it was verified a high occurrence of periodontitis and gingivitis. Chemical dependence showed to be associated to a high frequency of infections, arthritis, hypertension and behavioral changes, which normally would not be noted by health professionals, but that could compromise the results of medical and dental treatments.

Tratamentos breves na psicanálise lacaniana: uma revisão sistemática de literatura

The paper outlines the profile of the scientific production about brief treatments based on the Lacanian Psychoanalysis. In order to accomplish this, the research focuses on online journals with free full-text articles written by members of Lacanian Schools listed on the website of the World Psychoanalysis Association. The work analyses studies from 2000 to 2009. In a total of 115 selected documents, the research has identified that online journals from Latin America contributed with 96 (83,47%) works. The literature review indicates that brief treatments are made possible by a construction of a specific mechanism, in which parameters of gratuity and limited time of care are established. However, a key conclusion from this review is that individual interventions with adults from big cities are still predominant.

Modulação autonômica, pressão arterial, aptidão funcional e qualidade de vida em mulheres com hipertensão arterial submetidas a um programa de Hatha Yoga

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atenção farmacêutica em idosos com hipertensão participantes da estratégia saúde da família

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Plantas medicinais: indicação popular de uso no tratamento de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS)

The aim of this study is to investigate the spontaneous use of medicinal plants by volunteer patients in the treatment of hypertension and to determine the most used plants in this situation. Data were collected through a questionnaire and a semi-structured guided interview applied to patients from a health center in the Midwest region of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Quantitative analysis identified a high number of hypertensive patients spontaneously using herbal treatment. The referred plants were identified by the Herbarium Botu and researched in the literature as to their therapeutic actions. The biggest mistake was observed in the misuse of the Bilberry for the treatment of hypertension, which reveals that health professionals and the community in general should be more careful. As a result we have published an informative booklet, with emphasis on hypertension concepts and on the use of medicinal plants as an alternative therapy method for this disease in order to provide scientific knowledge and scientific research evidence to this practice.

Frequência de ocorrência e fatores associados à hipertensão arterial em pacientes do Sistema Único de Saúde

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)