Heterogeneidad y esquizofrenia en las obras Los Sangurimas de José De La Cuadra y Mama Pacha y El Nuevo San Jorge de Jorge Icaza

El presente trabajo académico analiza, desde la teoría de la heterogeneidad de Antonio Cornejo Polar, las obras Los Sangurimas, “Mama Pacha” y “El nuevo san Jorge”, de José de la Cuadra y Jorge Icaza, respectivamente. En el análisis de estas obras literarias se busca la construcción de universos literarios y narrativos ficcionales sumamente complejos, contradictorios, heterogéneos, fraccionados, y cargados de un relato de los diferentes espacios culturales que chocan, se repelen y se encuentran en la sociedad ecuatoriana. Siendo así, pretendemos en la lectura de las creaciones literarias de los mencionados autores evidenciar la heterogeneidad cultural como premisa fundamental de construcción literaria, heterogeneidad que en la narración conduce directamente a un fraccionamiento subjetivo de los personajes, a una esquisis cultural que orienta a los habitantes de estos universos literarios, que en ocasiones los potencia y en ocasiones los destruye. Construcción y destrucción subjetiva de los habitantes de estas ficcionalizaciones simbólicas, que es planteada como propuesta política, social y cultural ante una sociedad marcada por la colonización, la negación, el olvido y el rechazo de la pertenencia cultural heterogénea andina, que evita precisamente que, esa heterogeneidad estructure una construcción de varias culturas, de varias voces, de varias lenguas, potente y creadora, capaz de abarcar y dialogar con los mundos de vida que conviven en su seno.

La plurinacionalidad como chivo expiatorio: Violencia mimética en el conflicto de Sucre (mayo de 2008) [Tema Central]

El diálogo en el presente trabajo articulará los textos del crítico literario, historiador y filósofo francés René Girard (2002): “Es preciso que llegue el escándalo”, “El ciclo de la violencia mimética”, “Satán”, en Veo caer a Satán como el relámpago, con los textos de la abogada Judith Salgado (2004): “Discriminación, racismo y xenofobia”, y de Antonio Cornejo Polar (1996), crítico literario peruano: “Una heterogeneidad no dialéctica. Sujeto y discursos migrantes en el Perú moderno”.

Las picaduras de abeja : Un análisis retórico del humor en La Colmena de Camilo José Cela

El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de analizar los rasgos humorísticos y figuras retóricas en La Colmena de Camilo José Cela. La tesina se basa en las teorías de la superioridad, de la descarga, de la incongruencia y las teorías sociológicas y antropológicas según el estudio de José Antonio Llera. Nuestra investigación ha examinado particularmente el humor negro, grotesco y la ironía presente en la obra de Cela. Hemos podido concluir y afirmar que Cela usa el humor y la ironía a través de descripciones grotescas las cuales forman parte de su critica social y como mecanismo de defensa. Hemos establecido que el autor usa el humor para reflejar su propia elección subjetiva de la realidad de la posguerra. Finalmente hemos constatado que el humor es algo añadido lo cual se muestra a través de sus comentarios omniscientes.

A tessitura da memória em o vendedor de passados de José Eduardo Agualusa

In the study of African literature in Portuguese language, the theme importance of memory is done by contact those literary works have with the context in which they operate. This study aims to reflect how memory as social element becomes an agent of the composition of literary structure in the O Vendedor de Passados (2004), by José Eduardo Agualusa. Therefore, we have as reference the critical method developed by Antonio Candido (1976), regarding the critical dialectic, in order to understand how such a throwback acts in the structuring of the romance in a relationship with both structural and thematic elements. Firstly, it presents a panoramic reading the Angolan literary scene in the post-independence, relating this context with the route of writing of José Eduardo Agualusa. Then it performs the analysis of the relationships between narratives categories - narrator, characters, space, time - and the memorial element, keeping in mind that these categories would be constructed in dialogue with the memory. Lastly, there is the reflection on the dynamics between fiction and reality apprehended in novelistic discourse in which a seller of past figures in an analysis that takes place from the skeptical look on this work. As a theoretical approach, we highlight mainly readings: Hampaté-Bâ (2010), Laura Padilla (2007), Tania Macêdo (2008) for the observation of the specific African context quickened in the novel; Tedesco (2004), Halbwachs (2006), Le Goff (2003) regarding the conceptualisation of memory; and Landesman (2006), Krause (2004), Gai (1997) in cutting the skeptical outlook with which the romance dialogues

Petrologia do magmatismo tardi-brasiliano no Maciço São José de Campestre(RN/PB), com ênfase no Plúton Alcalino Caxexa

The area studied is located on the north-easternmost portion of the Borborema Province, on the so-called São José de Campestre Massif, States of RN and PB, Northeast Brazil. Field relations and petrographic, geochemical and isotope data permitted the separation of five suites of plutonic rocks: alkali-feldspar granite (Caxexa Pluton), which constitutes the main subject of this dissertation, amphibole-biotite granite (Cabeçudo Pluton), biotite microgranite, gabbronorite to monzonite (Basic to Intermediate Suite) and aluminous granitoid. The Caxexa Pluton is laterally associated to the Remígio Pocinhos Shear Zone, with its emplacement along the mylonitic contact between the gneissic basement and the micashists. This pluton corresponds to a syntectonic intrusion elongated in the N-S direction, with about 50 km2 of outcropping surface. It is composed exclusively of alkali-feldspar granites, having clinopyroxene (aegirine-augite and hedenbergite), andradite-rich garnet, sphene and magnetite. It is classified geochemically as high silica rocks (>70 % wt), metaluminous to slightly peraluminous (normative corindon < 1%), with high total alkalis (>10% wt), Sr, iron number (#Fe=90-98) and agpaitic index (0.86-1.00), and positive europium anomaly. The Cabeçudo Pluton is composed of porphyritic rocks, commonly containing basic to intermediate magmatic enclaves often with mingling and mixing textures. Petrographically, it presents k-feldspar and plagioclase phenocrysts as the essential minerals, besides the accessories amphibole, biotite, sphene and magnetite. It is metaluminous and shows characteristics transitional between the calc-alkaline and alkaline series (or monzonitic subalkaline). Its REE content is greater than those ones of the Caxexa Pluton and biotite microgranite, and all spectra have negative europium anomalies. The biotite microgranites occur mainly on the central and eastern portion of the mapped area, as dykes and sheets with decimetric thickness, hosted principally in orthogneisses and micashists. Their field relationships as regards the Caxexa and Cabeçudo plutons suggested that they are late-tectonic intrusions. They are typically biotite granites, having also sphene, amphibole, allanite, opaques and zircon in the accessory assemblage. Geochemically they can be distinguished from the porphyritic types because the biotite microgranites are more evolved, peraluminous, and have more fractionated REE spectra. The Basic to Intermediate rocks form a volumetrically expressive elliptical, kilometric scale body on the Southeast, as well as sheets in micashists. They are classified as gabbronorites to monzonites, with the two pyroxenes and biotite, besides subordinated amounts of amphibole, sphene, ilmenite and allanite. These rocks do not show a well-defined geochemical trend, however they may possibly represent a monzonitic (shoshonitic) series. Their REE spectra have negative europium anomalies and REE contents greater than the other suites. The aluminous granitoids are volumetrically restricted, and have been observed in close association with migmatised micashists bordering the gabbronorite pluton. They are composed of almandine-rich garnet, andalusite, biotite and muscovite, and are akin to the peraluminous suites. Rb-Sr (whole rock) and Sm-Nd (whole-rock and mineral) isotopes furnished a minimum estimate of the crystallization (578±14 Ma) and the final resetting age of the Rb-Sr system (536±4 Ma) in the Caxexa Pluton. The aluminous granitoid has a Sm-Nd garnet age similar to that one of the Caxexa Pluton, that is 574±67 Ma. The strong interaction of shear bands and pegmatite dykes favoured the opening of the Rb-Sr system for the Caxexa Pluton and biotite microgranite. The amphibole-plagioclase geothermometer and the Al-in amphibole geobarometer indicate minimum conditions of 560°C and 7 kbar for the Cabeçudo Pluton, 730°C and 6 kbar for the microgranite and 743°C and 5 kbar for the basic to intermediate suite. The Zr saturation geothermometer reveals temperatures of respectively 855°C, 812°C and 957°C for those suites, whereas the Caxexa Pluton shows temperatures of around 757°C. The Caxexa, Cabeçudo and microgranites suites crystallized under high fO2 (presence of magnetite). On the other hand, the occurrence of ilmenite suggests less oxidant conditions in the basic to intermediate suite. Field relations demonstrate the intrusive character of the granitoids into a tectonically relatively stable continental crust. This is corroborated by petrographic and geochemical data, which suggest a late- or post-collisional tectonic context. It follows that the generation and emplacement of those granitoid suites is related to the latest events of the Brasiliano orogeny. Finally, the relationships between eNd (600 Ma), TDM (Nd) and initial Sr isotope ratio (ISr) do not permit to define the precise sources of the granitoids. Nevertheless, trace element modelling and isotopic comparisons suggest the participation of the metasomatised mantle in the generation of these suites, probably modified by different degrees of crustal contamination. In this way, a metasomatised mantle would not be a particular characteristic of the Neoproterozoic lithosphere, but a remarkable feature of this portion of the Borborema Province since Archaean and Paleoproterozoic times.

Caracterização geológica, geoquímica e geocronológica da suíte plutônica enoproterozóica da região de Serrinha, porção centro-leste do maciço São José de Campestre, sudeste do RN

The of Serrinha plutonic suite, northeastern portion of the Borborema Province (NE Brazil), is characterized by a voluminous and diversified magmatism of Neoproterozoic age, intrusive in the Archean to Paleoproterozoic gneissic-migmatitic basement of the São José de Campestre massif. Field relations and petrographic and geochemical data allowed us to individualize different lithologic types among this plutonic suite, which is represented by intermediate to mafic enclaves, porphyritic diorites, porphyritic granitoids, porphyritic granodiorites, microporphyritic granites and dykes/sheets of microgranite. The intermediate-to-mafic enclaves occur associated with porphyritic granitoids, showing mixture textures. The porphyrytic diorites occur as isolated bodies, generally associated with intermediate-to-mafic enclaves and locally as enclaves within porphyritic granites. The granodiorites represent mixing between an intermediate to mafic magma with an acidic one. The micropophyritic granites occur as isolated small bodies, generally deformed, while the microgranite dykes/sheets crosscut all the previous granitoids. A U-Pb zircon age of 576 + 3 Ma was obtained for the Serrinha granite. This age is interpreted as age of the peak of the regional ductile deformational event (D3) and of the associated the E-W Rio Jacu shear zone, which control the emplacement of the Neoproterozoic syntectonic plutons. The porphyrytic granitoids show monzogranitic composition, transitional between peraluminous and metaluminous types, typically of the high potassium subalkaline-calc-alkaline series. The intermediate-to-mafic enclaves present vary from quartz diorite to tonalite/granodiorite, with metaluminous, shoshonitic affinity. The diorites are generally quartz-monzodiorite in composition, with metaluminous, subalkaline affinity. They display coarse-grained, inequigranular, porphyrytic texture, with predominance of plagioclase phenocrystals immersed in a matrix composed of biotite and pyroxenes. The microporphyrytic granites are essentially monzogranites of fine- to medium-grained texture, whereas microgranite dikes/sheets varying from monzogranites to syenogranites, with fine to media texture, equigranular. The diversified magmatism occurring at a relatively small surface associated with shear zones, suggests lithospheric dimensions for such structures, with magma extractions from different depths within the lower crust and upper mantle. The geological, geochemical and geochronological characteristics of the Serrinha plutonic suite suggest a pos-collisional geodynamic context for the Neoproterozoic magmatism. Thermobarometric data show emplacement conditions in the range 5-6 kbar (AlTamphibole) and 730-740°C (plagioclase-amphibole) for the porphyrytic granitoids (Serrinha body) and the intermediate-to-mafic enclaves

Investigação de hemoglobinopatias em sangue de cordão umbilical de recém-nascidos do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto

As hemoglobinopatias são as doenças genéticas mais freqüentes na população humana. Cerca de 12 a 15% da população é portadora de uma ou mais formas de hemoglobinas anormais, resultando em um grande problema de saúde pública. O diagnóstico neonatal possibilita o tratamento e o aconselhamento genético precoce, incluindo a conscientização dos portadores sobre o risco do nascimento de homozigotos. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os resultados da investigação de hemoglobinopatias em recém-nascidos do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto. O estudo foi realizado em 913 amostras de sangue de cordão umbilical, que foram submetidas a testes eletroforéticos, bioquímicos e citológicos, específicos para análise de hemoglobinas. Foram identificadas 100 (10,95%) amostras com hemoglobinas anormais, das quais 40 (4,38%) com Hb Bart's, sugerindo alfa talassemia, 34 (3,72%) com Hb S, 23 (2,52%) com beta talassemia, duas (0,22%) com Hb C e uma (0,11%) amostra apresentou Hb rápida. A frequência elevada de alterações encontradas evidencia a necessidade da triagem neonatal de hemoglobinopatias que pode resultar em amplos benefícios para os portadores destas patologias e seus familiares.

Histochemical study of muscle fiber types in Synbranchus marmoratus Bloch, 1795

The myotomal muscle of Synbranchus marmoratus was investigated using histochemical and immunohistochemical reactions. This musculature is composed of a superficial red compartment, uniformly distributed around the trunk circumferentially and also in the lateral line. The red compartment fibers are small in diameter and have an oxidative metabolism, a high rate of glycogen and a negative reaction to alkaline and acid myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase). The white muscle forms the bulk of the muscle mass. Its fibers are large in diameter and have a glycolytic metabolism, a negative reaction to glycogen, a strong reaction to alkaline mATPase and a negative reaction to acid mATPase. Between these two compartments there is an intermediate layer of fibers presenting a mosaic metabolism pattern with a high rate of glycogen. These fibers stained moderately for alkaline and acid m-ATPase. Several clusters of red muscles were observed inside the white muscle. Each cluster is composed of three fiber types, with a predominance of red and intermediate fibers. Reactivity to anti-MHC BA-D5 was positive only in the intermediate fibers. Reactivity to anti-MHC SC-71 was negative in all fiber types.

Mortalidade por causas externas no Município de São José do Rio Preto, no período de 1996-1998

Introduction: An epidemiological study of the mortality rates by injuries in São José do Rio Preto, State of São Paulo, Brazil, has been carried out. The period considered is 1996-1998. Objectives: To show injuries mortality rates in São José do Rio Preto-SP in 1996-98. Methods: The study was based on official data from the Mortality Information Service of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, and in a survey based on data from medical forensic examiners (IML). Software Epinfo6.0 and Tabwin was utilized for data analises. Results: The results were compared to values obtained in the literature for the other cities of São Paulo and Brazil. In the case of São José do Rio Preto, was observed a decrease in the number of deaths associated with external causes in the period, but particularly in deaths due to traffic accidents with motor vehicles an increase in cases of pedestrians killed by hit-and-run drivers, that is much larger than the corresponding values for Brazil and for the State of São Paulo. The study showed increase in rates of homicides, mainly in the 15 to 39 years age group. Conclusion: This result suggests that is important to start programs to reduce the number of deaths by injuries, as well as the necessity of monitoring locally all these data.

Tablas límites de mortalidad elaboradas en CELADE San José para su uso en proyecciones de población

Incluye Bibliografía

Jogo e contrajogo: o lúdico no teatro de Antônio José da Silva, O Judeu

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A fuga dupla luso-brasileira durante os séculos XVIII e XIX

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O parvo em Gil Vicente e o gracioso em Antônio José da Silva: expressões do cômico no teatro português

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

As configurações intensivas do tempo e a concepção crítica de história e memória em Quarup, de Antonio Callado

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)