Letramento digital: as implicações do uso do software na aprendizagem de crianças com baixa proficiência em leitura e escrita

O estudo tem por objetivo analisar reflexivamente as implicações do uso pedagógico do software educativo Luz do Saber Infantil- na aprendizagem de crianças com baixa proficiência em leitura e da escrita. A análise se deu na turma do reforço escolar do Projeto Luz do Saber Infantil-PLSI da Escola Caminho Encantado, no município de Jaguaribara-CE. Pensar na possibilidade da informática está a serviço da matética (como arte de aprender) para melhorar a aprendizagem de crianças com dificuldade de aprendizagem foi nossa problemática inicial. O software em questão tem como objetivo alfabetizar crianças de 3º ao 5º ano que se apresentam como analfabetas funcionais. O Método Paulo Freire de alfabetização e as contribuições de Ferreiro e Teberosky sobre a escrita são os principais fundamentos epistemológicos do software. Outrora, como referencial de quebra do paradigma fabril no qual escola a partir do século XIX esteve submetida, as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação-TIC tem se revelado como importante instrumento pedagógico na atualidade, muito embora sua inserção na escola não signifique inovação pedagógica. O presente estudo configurou-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa, cuja concepção etnográfica da educação legitima sua prática investigativa. Sendo uma etnopesquisa, o trabalho de campo e a coleta de dados desenvolveram-se através das seguintes técnicas: observação participante (principal etnométodo), entrevista semiestruturada, grupo focal, e análise documental. Sendo os instrumentos: diário de campo, questionário socioeconômico, filmagens, fotografias e prova escrita. Para sustentar epistemologicamente a pesquisa, buscamos em teóricos da etnografia, da apropriação da linguagem escrita e métodos de alfabetização, da introdução da informática na educação, do Construtivismo, Construcionismo e Sociointeracionismo, e especialmente nos teóricos que tratam a Inovação Pedagógica como ruptura paradigmática, a legitimação de nossa implicação intersubjetiva. Diante da análise dos dados, constatamos a evolução significativa da proficiência em leitura e escrita dos aprendizes, indicando que a tecnologia potencializa a prática pedagógica.

A verdade (des)construída: a inserção da homossexualidade na comunidade cristã Nova Esperança, em Natal

The religious plurality has been increasingly intense in Brazil, while it has served as an object of study in various fields of knowledge. In this context, this paper aims to point out the general heterogeneity among experienced growth of Protestant and evangelical denominations, especially those who claim to be inclusive by attending to human diversity, seeking to understand the relationship between religion and homosexuality. Specific objectives aim to understand the functioning and speeches produced by Comunidade Cristã Nova Esperança in Natal. The theoretical framework was seated in the works of Bento (2008), Lima (2009), Goffman (2001), Natividade (2008), Musskopf (2008), Helminiak (1998), Foucault (1997), among others. We tried to discuss the trajectory and how is the process of organization of the Comunidade Cristã Nova Esperança in Natal, the social advances that have reached homosexuals in our country, how this institution has contributed to the shift in paradigm in Christianity in respect to matters pertaining to religion and homosexuality, and the meaning of being a homosexual christian from the viewpoint perceived by social subjects living this experience

Influência da adição de cálcio nas propriedades de pastas geopoliméricas destinadas a cimentação de poços de petróleo

Nowadays, the search for new technologies that are able to follow the upcoming challenges in oil industry is a constant. Always trying properties improvements of the used materials, looking for the best performance and greater life time. Besides the search for technologies that show an improvement of performance, the search for materials environmentally correct along the whole production process. In Oil well cementing, this search for new technologies passes through the development of slurry systems that support these requests and that are also environmentally friendly. In this context, the use of geopolymer slurries is a great alternative route to cementing oil wells. Besides having good properties, comparable to Portland cement slurries, this alternative material releases much less CO2 gas in the production of their root materials when compared the production of Portland cement, which releases tons of CO2. In order to improve the properties of geopolymer slurries has been added Calcium Oxide, as observed in other studies that slurries where the Calcium is present the values of compressive strength is greater. The addition has been realized based in the CaO/SiO2 molar ratio of 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15. Have been performed compressive strength tests, thickening time, rheology and fliud loss control test of the slurries, following NBR 9831, as well as the physical chemical characterization of XRD, SEM and TG. Has been observed in most of the tests the slurries follow a tendency until the ratio of 0.10, which inverses in the ratio 0.15. This behavior can be explained by two phenomena that occur simultaneously, the first one is the break of the polymer chains and a consequent increase in molucules mobility, which prevails until the ratio of 0.1, and the second is possible approach of the chains due to the capacity of the calcium ions stabilize the charges of two different aluminum. There is only one linearity in the mechanical behavior that can be attributed to the appereance of the C-S-H phase. Based on this, it is concluded that the phenomenon of breaking the polymer chains predominates until the ratio of 0.1, causing an increase of the filtrate volume, lower rheological parameters and increasing thickening time. From the ratio of 0.15 the approach of the chains predominates, and the behavior is reversed

Avaliação do efeito de particulados sólidos na eficiência de um inibidor de corrosão recomendado para meios salinos com CO2

The main problem on the exploration activity on petroleum industry is the formation water resulted on the fields producing. The aggravating of this problem is correlated with the advancing technologies used on the petroleum extractions and on its secondary approach objecting the reobtainment of this oil. Among the main contaminants of the water formation are corrosives gases such as: O2, CO2 and H2S, some solids in suspension and dissolved salts. Concerning to those gases the CO2 is the one that produce significant damage for carbon steel on corrosion process of the petroleum and gas industries. Corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in formation water is one of the most used agents in control of those damages. In this context, the poor investigations of carbon steel corrosion proceeding from solids in suspension is an opened field for studies. On this work the inhibitor effect of the commercial CORRTREAT 703 was evaluated on some specific solids in suspension at saline medium containing 10.000 ppm of de-aerated chloride using CO2 until non oxygen atmosphere been present. For that, quartz, calcium carbonate, magnetite and iron sulphide were subjected to this investigation as the selected solids. The effect of this inhibitor on corrosion process correlated with those specific solids, was measured using electrochemical (resistance of linear polarization and galvanic pair) and gravimetrical techniques. During all the experimental work important parameters were monitored such as: pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, instantaneous corrosion rate and galvanic current. According to the obtained results it was proved that the suspension solids calcium carbonate and iron sulphide decrease the corrosion process in higher pH medium. Meanwhile the quartz and magnetite been hardness increase corrosion by broking of the passive layer for erosion. In the other hand, the tested inhibitor in concentration of 50 ppm, showed to be effective (91%) in this corrosion process

Avaliação de parâmetros de estresse oxidativo em plantas de cana-de-açúcar tratadas com peróxico de hidrogênio

The genus Saccharum belongs to Poaceae family. Sugarcane has become important monocultures in Brazil due to their products: ethanol and sugar. The production may change between different regions from Brazil. This difference is related to soil, climatic conditions and temperature that promotes oxidative stress that may induce an early flowering. The aim of this work was to identify the effects of oxidative stress. In order to analyse this, sugarcane plants were submitted to oxidative stress using hydrogen peroxide. After this treatment, the oxidative stress were analyzed Then, the plant responses were analyzed under different approaches, using morphophysiological, biochemical and molecular tools. Thus, sugarcane plants were grown under controlled conditions and until two months they were subjected first to a hydroponics condition for 24 hours in order to acclimation. After this period, these plants were submitted to oxidative stresse using 0 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM and 30 mM hydrogen peroxide during 8 hours. The histomorphometric analysis allowed us to verify that both root and leaf tissues had a structural changes as it was observed by the increased in cell volume, lignin accumulation in cell walls. Besides, this observation suggested that there was a change in redox balance. Also, it was analyzed the activity of the SOD, CAT and APX enzymes. It was observed an increase in the SOD activity in roots and it was also observed a lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots. Then, in order to identify proteins that were differently expressed in this conditions it was used the proteomic tool either by bidimensional gel or by direct sequencing using the Q-TOF EZI. The results obtained with this approach identified more than 3.000 proteins with the score ranging from 100-5000 ions. Some of the proteins identified were: light Harvesting; oxygenevolving; Thioredoxin; Ftsh-like protein Pftf precusor; Luminal-binding protein; 2 cys peroxiredoxin e Lipoxygenase. All these proteins are involved in oxidative stress response, photsynthetic pathways, and some were classified hypothetical proteins and/or unknown (30% of total). Thus, our data allows us to propose that this treatment induced an oxidative stress and the plant in response changed its physiological process, it made changes in tissue, changed the redox response in order to survival to this new condition

Efeito de um extrato de chrysobalanus icaco na marcação de constituíntes sanguíneos com tecnécio-99m, na morfologia de hemácias, na topologia plasmidial e na ação do cloreto estanoso no dna plasmidial

The use of radionuclides has contributed for advances in Health Sciences, to research or to the diagnosis and/or treatment of diseases. These advances have been possible with the utilization of radiopharmaceuticals labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc). Stannous chloride (SnCl2) has the main reducing agent utilized to obtain radiopharmaceuticals labeled with technetium-99m. It has been reported that several natural or synthetic drugs are capable to alter the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc, as well as the red blood cells morphology. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible alterations of Chrysobalanus icaco extract on the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc, on the morphology of RBC of blood of Wistar rats, on the breakage of plasmid DNA and on the effects of stannous chloride on plasmid DNA. The results showed significant (P<0.05) alteration of the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc, as well as, modification of the morphology and morphometry (perimeter/area ratio) of the RBC in presence of the extract. These data suggest that this abajeru extract could alter the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc by its chelating/antioxidant action and/or effects on membrane structures. Moreover C. icaco extract altered the electrophoretic profile and decreased significantly (p<0.05) the effect of SnCl2 on plasmid DNA. The results obtained in this work could indicate a dose-dependent protective action against the SnCl2 and a genotoxic effect of C. icaco extract on plasmid DNA

Mutagênese induzida por flavonóides presentes do decocto das cascas da aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius, Raddi)

The decoction of Brazilian pepper tree barks (Schinus terebinthifolius, Raddi), is used in medicine as wound healing and antiinflamatory. Once extracts from this plant are used for acceleration of scar s process, it is important to study their mutagenic and genotoxic potential. In previous works in our laboratory, it was observed mutagenicity caused by the decoction when in high concentrations. Among the chemical compounds of this plant that could be able to induce mutation, the flavonoids were the only group that was referred to have either an oxidant or antioxidant potential. The flavonoids were isolated, purified and quantified by adsorptive column chromatography under silica gel, bacterial and in vitro genotoxic tests were realized to determine if the flavonoids were the responsible agents for this mutagenicity found. The tests realized with plasmidial DNA were indicative that the flavonoids are probably genotoxic, due to the presence of correlation between increase of the flavonoid concentration and in plasmidial DNA double strand breakage visualized in agarose gel, as well as they were capable to generated abasic sites shown by the in vitro treatment with exonuclease III. The same tests with plasmidial DNA in the presence of copper [10 µM] and of a Tris-HCl pH 7.5 [10 µM] buffer were realized with the isolated flavonoids to determine if there would be or not participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The transformation of plasmidial DNA in different bacterial strains proficient and deficient in DNA repair enzymes in the presence or not of a Tris-HCl buffer, suggests that the enzymes that repair oxidative lesions are necessary to repair the lesions generated by the flavonoids and that ROS are generated and are necessary to promote the lesions. Bacterial tests with Escherichia coli strains of the CC collection (deficient or not for DNA repair enzymes), showed that the flavonoids are able to increase the frequency of mutations, mainly in strains mutated in repair enzymes (MutM, MutY-glicosylases and double mutant), suggesting that these agents are responsible for the enhancement in the mutation rate. In order to determine the mutation spectrum caused by the flavonoids of the Brazilian pepper tree stem bark, plasmidial DNA previously treated with the flavonoids were transformed in bacterial strains deficient and proficient in the DNA repair enzymes, followed by a blue-white selection with X-gal, DNA amplification by PCR and sequencing the positive mutant clones. Analysis of the mutants obtained from strains CC104, CC104mutM, CC104mutY, CC104mutMmutY, BW9101, BW9109 indicated a predominance of some mutations like G:C to C:G that can be correlated with the origin of 8-oxoG, due to oxidative lesions caused by the flavonoids. So it can concluded that the flavonoid isolated or in fractions enriched on them are genotoxic and mutagenic, and their mutations are predominantly oxidative, mediated by ROS, and the lesions are recognized by the BER system. In this way it is proposed that the flavonoids can act in two different ways to generate the DNA lesion: 1. in a Fenton-like reaction, when the flavonoid are in the presence of metal ions and that together with the water generate ROS that promotes the DNA lesions; 2. in another way the lesions can be generated by the formation of ROS due to the internal chemical structure of the flavonoid molecule due to the quantity and location of hydroxyl groups, and so producing the DNA lesions, those lesions can be directly (suggested by the in vitro experiments) or indirectly done (supported by the experiments using the CC bacterial strains)

Terapia ocupacional em ação interdisciplinar: jogos educativo-nutricionais na prevenção da obesidade infantil

The inter-subjectivity is the answer in the search for the solution of complex problems, which concerns interfaces of knowledge, respecting their borders. This paradigm is essential in the author's work. So, the search on screen is based on this perspective, by using inter-subject groups of work conduced by professionals of Computer Science, Social Communication, Architecture and Urbanism, Pedagogy, Psicopegagogy, Nutritional Science, Endocrinology, Occupational Therapy and Nursing, it was also part of this group an 8 year old child, daughter of one of the professional who took part of the group. This thesis aims to present the course of investigation developed, analyzing the action of inter-subject Occupational Therapy and Nutrition on the promotion of learning nutritional concepts through educative-nutritional games in order to prevent child's obesity in an educative context. The research was analytic, interventionist and almost experimental. It took place in a public school in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, between August and December 2004. It was selected a sample non-probabilistic, by convenience, of 200 children, born from 1994 to 1996. It was selected almost nonprobabilistically, by convenience, 200 children born between 1994 and 1996. To analyze the results it was used a triangulation, associated by quantitative and qualitative approaches. The basis collect happened through games specially manufactured to these research- video-games, board games, memory games, puzzles, scramble, searching words and iterative basics. There were semi-structured interviews, direct and structured observations and focus in-groups. It was noticed the efficiency of educativenutritional games in the learning process, which lead to a changing of attitude towards the eating choices. These games gave similar results in relation to the compared variations preferences, experience and attitudes, theses attitudes were observed through the game; and the categories to compare the possibility of learning by playing, the fantasy in the learning process, learning concepts of nutritional education and the need of help in the learning process (mediation). It was proved that educativenutritional games could be used to teach nutritional concepts, in an inter-subjective action of Occupational Therapy and Nutrition in schools. The simultaneous application of these games lead to the optimization of child s learning process. It should be emphasized the need of studies about the adaptation of tools used in a child s Nutritional Education, with the help of inter-subjective action. Because just one subject, in a fractionated way can give an answer to complex problems and help to a change of the reality with effectiveness and resolution

Avaliação do potencial de mutagenicidade e toxidade da lectina hipoglicemiante de folha de Bauhinia monandra (pata-de-vaca)

Medicinal plants have been used since antiquity to treat various human diseases. The leaves of Bauhinia monandra are widely used in Brazil as herbal remedies in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. From the leaves of B. monandra was purified a galactose-specific lectin, called BmoLL, which also showed a significant hypoglycemic capacity. Following the proposed rules by decree No 116 of 1996/08/08 of the Ministry of Health of Brazil, the study aimed to evaluate the potential for toxicity and mutagenicity of BmoLL from the use of tests with Escherichia coli strain CC104 (Forward mutagenesis assay) with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA (Kado test), with plasmid pBCKS (Break occurrences in plasmid DNA) and enzyme exonuclease III (Search of abasic sites). The results demonstrated that the lectin was unable to increase the frequency of reverse mutation of strains of S. typhimurium, with and without metabolic activity. However, a significant decrease in the frequency of spontaneous mutation was observed in strains of E. coli, especially in poor repair (CC104mutMmutY), indicating an antioxidant potential of the lectin. BmoLL is unable to generate genotoxic and cytotoxic damage, based on the concentrations and the tests performed

Spawning failure in Brycon amazonicus may be associated with ovulation and not with final oocyte maturation

Avaliaram-se os possíveis mecanismos envolvidos com a falha na desova de matrinxãs (Brycon amazonicus), submetidas à indução hormonal por extrato bruto de hipófise de carpa. Para tal, após a extrusão, os ovários foram coletados e analisados histomorfometricamente. Nas fêmeas que não desovaram (FNDs), a maioria dos ovócitos vitelogênicos remanescentes nos ovários atingiu a maturação final, apresentando quebra de vesícula germinativa, mas não foram ovulados (NOs). Consequentemente, estas fêmeas apresentaram frequências mais baixas de folículos pós ovulatórios (5%) quando comparadas com a que desovou (FD) (23%). Com relação aos NOs, os valores se inverteram e a frequência destes nas FNDs (21%) foi maior do que na FD (3%). Estes dados indicam que as falhas na desova desta espécie estão provavelmente relacionadas com a ovulação, uma vez que a maturação final dos ovócitos ocorre de forma similar tanto nas FNDs como na FD. Os dados sugerem que as substâncias que promovem a ovulação, como as prostaglandinas, podem aumentar o sucesso de desova em peixes reofílicos.

Viabilidade de sementes de acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC): avaliação da vitalidade dos tecidos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Visões da cidade : da cidade histórica aos bairros da Cidade Alta e Ribeira em Natal-RN

The present work is an initiative of undertaking a perspective that values the aspects of the city in its diversity. The one that t intends is to discuss the urbanity starting from the aspect of the image, of the history, and about main point, to value the point of the individual's view that lives the urban space in its more several configurations: the house, the street, the neighborhood, and the city in wider scale. The described historical research defines the city as space of the human accomplishments. When analyzing the moments of the most recent history of the urban life the modernity/post-modernity notions they are explored in the sense of illuminating the wealth, continuity and it breaks of patterns of behavior, and on the other hand, to describe a I overfly in the several times of the city. The prominences of aspects of the archaeology and of the descriptive resource they are related, for its time, the most punctual perspective of the practical research, the instance of the neighborhood, specifically High City and Riverside, configuring an immersion in the daily more punctual of the city, valuing forms of being, aiming the perspective of the personal computer as point-of-view. The images of the city assume the paper of representing the documental about the current features of the urbanity. It is without a doubt that at the present time the photographic image already possesses a paper of prominence it is as research instrument, be as main source for a work on files of photos. The photographic images in the present work possess a prominence place, focusing specific places of the city in the time. Finally, the individual's voice valued under the perspective on as the person's knowledge that inhabits and live the urbanity he/she understands the knowledge of the life in the city and, more than in any other place, a middle where the loss of action models is pointed very easily tends in view the dynamic movement of the practices and renewal of new indications; in the same space in that becomes urgent to build marks starting from which the individual can shimmer the future. And in that space the individual's voice is valued as rich source of information on living the scenery of conflicts of the present time

Aspectos germinativos de capim-camalote (Rottboellia cochinchinensis)

O capim-camalote (Rottboellia cochinchinensis), originário da Índia, é encontrado em várias regiões do mundo, sendo uma espécie temida pelos agricultores devido ao seu difícil controle e avanço crescente. Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar os fatores que afetam a germinação das sementes dessa espécie. Foram avaliados os métodos de superação de dormência: 1 - escarificação mecânica, 2 - escarificação química, 3 - tratamento pré-semeadura, 4 - tratamento químico, 5 - tratamento hormonal e 6 - sementes não tratadas. Foram estudados os efeitos da temperatura (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 e 40 ºC), do fotoperíodo (6, 8, 10, 12, 14 e 16 horas de luz), da qualidade da luz incidente (branca, vermelha, vermelha distante, amarela, verde, azul e ausência de luz), da disponibilidade de água (0,0, -0,2, -0,3, -0,4, -0,5, -0,6, -1,2 e -2,4 MPa) e da viabilidade de suas sementes quando armazenadas sob condições de câmara fria e seca e sob condições naturais. Todos os ensaios foram conduzidos por 30 dias em câmara de germinação, com os tratamentos arranjados em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em quatro repetições. Verificou-se que as sementes apresentaram elevado índice de germinação, praticamente não apresentaram dormência e não se mostraram fotoblásticas. A disponibilidade de água foi indispensável para a germinação, com temperatura ideal de 25 °C. As sementes recém-coletadas são inviáveis para o estudo da germinação, apresentando redução na germinação quando armazenadas sob condição de câmara fria e seca.

Break: o grito corporal da periferia

In order to question a sociology as it considers appropriate the body dimensions, which contributes in a mean singular in relation to body, not only as a matter, but mainly as a producer of knowledge, our research shows a reflection on corporality as the production of knowledge and to understand different perspectives and social logic here in contemporaneity, whose rationality seems to be placed in question through a performance expressed, a lot of 'breaks', including the space, which the dancer break appropriates of a reversed form and not more than linear. Our problem is the possibility of a greater understanding of this young body with dance the break, is not only 'breaking' his body, but fluent in their own body fragments, producing probably a break in relation to a dominant power established, by creating a kind of 'social resistance' to provide another sense for his life, out of the senses by the dominant of a social field. This is the area of production of knowledge, of the 'body' that cries keep our eyes, the challenge of dive in the depth of gestures, beyond the physical structure, restoring in a strong political constitution and cultural in so far as this body faces. The body as spectacular becomes 'cause and effect' of communication, this body is not only individual, it is not expression only for itself; when the young dance outside their walls individuals, makes it relational, turning to relate with the other, with the space, time and the world. The methodological point of view, to study this corporality in element break, the body as language of senses, we considered withdrawals in the field, observations of movements of the universe of break creative dance, performance and analysis of "attitudes" (expression peculiar world hip hop ), as well as my experience with dancing in the street interventions through 'urban' and our own attitudes to the object of research which challenges us academically and, it all, existentially

A política pública de segurança em Mossoró-RN: uma avaliação de processo da implantação da guarda civil (2009-2013)

The subject of public safety is part of the academic and popular discussions, due to several factors that act in society culminating in an increasing criminality. The importance of the evaluation of public policies in this context consists in a possible control tool, monitoring and necessary adjustments to the government to make the necessary changes. Given this reality, it is thought the research problem: how Mossoró (RN) city has implemented his public security policy? In general guideline of the research, we work with the following hypothesis: the own formulation of the National Policy of Public Safety there are elements that hinder the implementation of a public policy of municipal security in Mossoró. The objective of this research is to evaluate the existing security public policy in the city of Mossoró, by the elements that facilitate and/or hamper its implementation, through the actions of municipal government in the activities of the Mossoro Civil Guard (GCM). For this, a review of the implementation process was conducted, specifically its subprocesses of selection, training, and logistical or operational. Was used bibliographical research, documental primary and secondary, and field research, with conducting of interviews. It was found that with a staff of 197 guards, and with five years of creation, the actions developed by this institution refer to an early implementation of the municipal security policy. The guard has the basic pattern selection, part of function relocation and part of public tender. The formation occurs in an introductory way, however, not complete and specific, for the function performance. Its operability is limited by the number of existing effective and by the physical structure that has not matching the demand yet, which touches on the municipal budgetary reality of direct resource intended to safety. It was found the absence of a municipal plan of public security with principles, guidelines and goals that could direct the actions of the guard. It is concluded that despite of the implementation of the GCM Mossoró have not achieved, within the parameters of efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness have played their actions, projects and programs, it could trigger a process of opening for construction of a municipal security policy. As well as break with the paradigm of municipal actions just meant for surveillance of public property, interaction affirmative for the prevention of violence and crime